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Handbook of career development : international perspectives
This book is focused on work, occupation and career development: themes that are fundamental to a wide range of human activities and relevant across all cultures. Yet theorizing and model building about this most ubiquitous of human activities from international perspectives have not been vigorous. An examination of the literature pertaining to career development, counseling and guidance that has developed over the last fifty years reveals theorizing and model building have been largely dominated by Western epistemologies, some of the largest workforces in the world are in the developing world. Career guidance is rapidly emerging as a strongly felt need in these contexts. If more relevant models are to be developed, frameworks from other cultures and economies must be recognized as providing constructs that would offer a deeper understanding of career development. This does not mean that existing ideas are to be discarded. Instead, an integrative approach that blends universal principles with particular needs could offer a framework for theorizing, research and practice that has wider relevance. The central objective of this handbook is to draw the wisdom and experiences of different cultures together to consider both universal and specific principles for career guidance and counseling that are socially and economically relevant to contemporary challenges and issues. This book is focused on extending existing concepts to broader contexts as well as introducing new concepts relevant to the discipline of career guidance and counseling.
Book
Global Mobility of Research Scientists
Global Mobility of Research Scientists: The Economics of Who Goes Where and Why brings together information on how the localization and mobility of academic researchers contributes to the production of knowledge.The text answers several questions, including \"what characterizes nationally and internationally mobile researchers?\" and \"what are the individual and social implications of increased mobility of research scientists?\"Eight independent, but coordinated chapters address these and other questions, drawing on a set of newly developed databases covering 30 countries, including the US, the UK, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, and China, among others. Combines theoretically sound and empirically fascinating results in one volume that has international and interdisciplinary appeal.Covers topics at the forefront of academic, business, and policy discussions Data used in the chapters available at a freely-accessible website
eBook
No child left behind
\"Many developed countries are currently considering a move toward subsidized, widely accessible child care or preschool. However, studies on how large-scale provision of child care affects child development are scarce, and focused on short-run outcomes. We analyze a large-scale expansion of subsidized child care in Norway, addressing the impact on children's long-run outcomes. Our precise and robust difference-in-differences estimates show that subsidized child care had strong positive effects on children's educational attainment and labor market participation, and also reduced welfare dependency. Subsample analyses indicate that girls and children with low-educated mothers benefit the most from child care.\" (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku). Die Untersuchung enthält quantitative Daten. Forschungsmethode: Evaluation; anwendungsorientiert; empirisch-quantitativ; empirisch; Längsschnitt. Die Untersuchung bezieht sich auf den Zeitraum 1967 bis 2006.
Journal Article
Career progression from temporary employment: How bridge and trap functions differ by task complexity
Temporary employment contracts can serve as a bridge into permanent employment or become a trap that leads into unemployment. This article argues that the function of temporary employment varies with the degree of task complexity and affects the probability of receiving tenure or transitioning to unemployment. Analysing retrospective survey data for Germany (ALWA) using Fine and Gray models for competing risks, I show that a bridge into permanent employment most likely arises for medium-skill work. By contrast, the risk of a transition to unemployment is generally equal, but increases for employees performing low-and medium-skill tasks if local labour demand falls. Only high-skill jobs seem to be unaffected by the employment environment. The results indicate that debates concerning the function and consequences of temporary work must consider occupational characteristics. The selective distribution of transition probabilities and unemployment risks generates inequalities and increases the risk of labour market segmentation as employment polarization shifts employees towards low-and high-skill tasks.
Journal Article
Women's Descriptive Representation in Burundi: The Mixed Effects of Gender Quotas
Building on original data collected for the period between 2001 and 2020, this article contributes to the research on the effectiveness of gender quotas. It does so, first, by looking into the salience of ministerial portfolios allocated to women, and, secondly, by examining the spillover effect of the gender quotas in positions where they do not apply. We find that the implementation of gender quotas gradually resulted in women being assigned to high-salience ministerial portfolios. Also, gender quotas have produced mixed results in positions where they are not mandated. These findings can be explained mobilising a multi-perspectival argument that takes into account the history of gender quotas adoption in Burundi, the specific political context of their implementation, as well as an interpersonal resources perspective.
Journal Article
Pursuing a \sense of success\
This article, based on a longitudinal interview study of 50 new teachers in Massachusetts, presents respondents' reasons for staying in their schools, moving to a new school, or leaving public school teaching within their first 3 years of teaching. Although the respondents' prior career orientations, financial situations, and preparations played a role in their career decisions, their experiences at the school sites were central in influencing their decisions. Teachers who felt successful with students and whose schools were organized to support them in their teaching - providing collegial interaction, opportunities to growth, appropriate assignments, adequate resources, and schoolwide structures supporting student learning - were more likely to stay in their schools and in teaching, than teachers whose schools were not so organized. (DUPF/Orig.).
Journal Article
Pierre Boulez
Pierre Boulez zählt zweifellos zu den renommiertesten Komponisten unserer Zeit. Von außerordentlicher Bedeutung ist darüber hinaus seine Rolle als Intellektueller, Autor, Theoretiker Dirigent und Interpret. Martin Zenck legt mit seinem Buch Die Partitur der Geste und das Theater der Avantgarde die erste umfassende Studie über dessen vorläufigem Gesamtwerk in deutscher Sprache vor und verbindet es mit dessen theoretischen Schriften, dessen Praxis als Dirigent und ,Kulturmanager' vor dem Hintergrund der philosophischen Diskurse und dem Panorama der anderen Künste seiner Zeit. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei der Musikdenker Boulez, der das Kompositorische selbst als eine genuine Denkpraxis begreift, die Martin Zenck auf völlig neue Weise als eine Praxis des ,Gestischen' versteht. Diese führt auf eine vierfache Signatur zurück: Die Textur der Schrift, ihre Bewegung einerseits, die zweitens den Leib und seine Gebärden einschließt, zum Dritten das synästhetische Spiel der Sinne und ihre verschiedenen Medien, und schließlich das performative Moment der Darbietung, der Präsentation, das auf seine Weise allererst Raum und Zeit entstehen lässt.
eBook
The associations between early life circumstances and later life health and employment in Europe
We use data from the Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe to estimate for thirteen European countries the associations of early life circumstances—measured by childhood health and socioeconomic status (SES)—with educational attainment, and later life health and employment (at ages 50–64). In all countries and for men and women, favorable early life circumstances, and in particular a higher childhood SES, are associated with a higher level of education. In most countries and in particular for women, favorable early life circumstances are associated with better later life health, also when education is controlled for. The significant associations of favorable early life circumstances with a higher incidence of later life employment are mostly transmitted through education and later life health.
Journal Article
Predictors of Career Adaptability Skill among Higher Education Students in Nigeria
This paper examined predictors of career adaptability skill among higher education students in Nigeria. A sample of 603 higher education students randomly selected from six colleges of education in Nigeria participated in this study. A set of self-reported questionnaire was used for data collection, and multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data. Results indicated that 33.3% of career adaptability skill was explained by the model. Four out of the five predictor variables significantly predicted career adaptability skill among higher education students in Nigeria. Among the four predictors, career self-efficacy sources was the most statistically significant predictor of career adaptability skill among higher education students in Nigeria, followed by personal goal orientation, career future concern, and perceived social support respectively. Vocational identity did not statistically predict career adaptability skill among higher education students in Nigeria. The study suggested that similar study should be replicated in other parts of the world in view of the importance of career adaptability skill to the smooth transition of graduates from school to the labor market. The study concluded by requesting stakeholders of higher institutions in Nigeria to provide career exploration database for the students, and encourage career intervention program in order to enhance career adaptability skill among the students.
Journal Article