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Los cambios en el sistema educativo de Ecuador han contribuido a un aumento de la sobrecarga de trabajo de los docentes universitarios produciendo estrés y burnout. Este estudio analiza la relación entre la sobrecarga de trabajo, los estilos de afrontamiento y el agotamiento emocional en una muestra de 202 profesores universitarios mediante modelos de regresión jerárquica. Los resultados muestran que la sobrecarga de trabajo y el afrontamiento evasivo están positivamente relacionados con el agotamiento mientras que el afrontamiento activo está relacionado negativamente. Además, el afrontamiento evasivo modula la relación entre la sobrecarga y el agotamiento de forma que los docentes que emplean mucho afrontamiento evasivo en situaciones de elevada sobrecarga experimentan menos agotamiento. Finalmente se discuten las limitaciones del estudio y sus implicaciones teóricas y prácticas para los docentes universitarios en contextos latinoamericanos. Palabras clave sobrecarga laboral; agotamiento emocional; afrontamiento activo; afrontamiento evasivo; docentes universitarios. Changes in the education system in Ecuador have increased the workload of university teachers, producing stress and burnout. This study analyses the relation between work overload, coping styles and emotional exhaustion in a sample of 202 university teachers by using a hierarchical regression model analysis. The results show that work overload and evasive coping are positively related to emotional exhaustion, while active coping is negatively related to emotional exhaustion. Evasive coping moderated the relationship between work overload and emotional exhaustion so that teachers who use more evasive coping in situations of high work overload experience less burnout than teachers who use this coping style less. Finally, we discuss the limitations of this study and its theoretical and practical contributions for university professors in Latin American contexts. Keywords work overload; emotional exhaustion; active coping; evasive coping; university teachers.

Coping, defined as the thoughts and behaviors used to manage the internal and external demands of situations that are appraised as stressful, has been a focus of research in the social sciences for more than three decades. The dramatic proliferation of coping research has spawned healthy debate and criticism and offered insight into the question of why some individuals fare better than others do when encountering stress in their lives. We briefly review the history of contemporary coping research with adults. We discuss three primary challenges for coping researchers (measurement, nomenclature, and effectiveness), and highlight recent developments in coping theory and research that hold promise for the field, including previously unaddressed aspects of coping, new measurement approaches, and focus on positive affective outcomes.

The ХХV Bulgarian Antarctic expedition on the Livingston isles, which included scientists and alpinists, began in November 2016. The aim of the present research is to study security need and sensation seeking and to find a relation with the participants’preferred coping strategies in highly risky activities in an extreme climatic and social environment. Subject of the study were 21 participants in the Antarctic expedition, mean age 27 and 70. We have used: Security need scale; Scale for assessment of Psychic Instability and Sensation Seeking Scale and the Bulgarian adaptation of Coping Orientations to Problems Experienced scale – COPE 1. Low levels of Security need are established. The leading subscales of the Sensation Seeking Scale are those of sensation seeking, followed by dysfunctional impulsiveness. Functional impulsiveness is characterized with the lowest values. The cognitive engagement coping strategies are the main ones, whereas cognitive and emotional disengagement strategies are the least used. The results from the regression analysis show that the high levels of sensation seeking influence negatively the use of the strategic behavioral disengagement. The present study adds to the understanding the role of security need and sensation seeking being a motivational power of human behavior, which is in the base of the desire to participate in difficult and challenging missions in extreme conditions in highly risky activities.

The ways sexual harassment occurs both online and in face-to-face settings has become more complicated. Sexual harassment that occurs in cyberspace or online sexual harassment adds complexity to the experiences of victims, current research understandings, and the legal dimensions of this phenomenon. Social networking sites (SNS) are a type of social media that offer unique opportunities to users and sometimes the communication that occurs on SNS can cross the line from flirtation into online sexual harassment. Victims of sexual harassment employ communicative strategies such as coping to make sense of their experiences of sexual harassment. The current study qualitatively examined problem-focused, active emotion-focused, and passive emotion-focused coping strategies employed by sexual harassment victims across multiple settings. We conducted 26 in-depth interviews with victims that had experienced sexual harassment across multiple settings (e.g., face-to-face and SNS). The findings present 16 types of coping strategies—five problem-focused, five active emotion-focused, and six passive emotion-focused. The victims used an average of three types of coping strategies during their experiences. Theoretical implications extend research on passive emotion-focused coping strategies by discussing powerlessness and how victims blame other victims. Furthermore, theoretically the findings reveal that coping is a complex, cyclical process and that victims shift among types of coping strategies over the course of their experience. Practical implications are offered for victims and for SNS sites.

In this study, we aimed to explain the interplay mechanism between stress, life satisfaction, and coping styles among university students. A cohort study was performed during the first (wave 1; W1) and second (wave 2; W2) waves of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The total sample included 231 university students, of which 59.31% were women. The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS) were included in one online survey. Stress, emotion-oriented, and avoidance-oriented coping styles increased from W1 to W2 of the COVID-19 pandemic, while life satisfaction and task-oriented coping decreased. The partial mediation effect of all three coping styles during W1 and W2 (in a cross-sectional approach) on the relationship between perceived stress and life satisfaction was confirmed in this study. The task-oriented and emotion-oriented coping styles can play a mediating role in the reciprocal relationship between life satisfaction and perceived stress during W1 and W2 of the pandemic. There were no mutual interactions between stress and life satisfaction from a longitudinal approach. Coping styles changed subsequently due to stressful environmental changes related to lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic. Having a wide range of coping strategies from which to choose during an unstable situation should help manage stress and well-being.

Background Coping strategies are composites of cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage the internal and external demands of stressful situations. They have been documented to relate to general well-being and mental health. However, not all types of coping are created equal, and adaptive versus maladaptive strategies seem to have understudied differential impacts, notably with accumulated adversities. Methods We examined coping strategies in a sample of 489 Lebanese university students during accumulating crises, including socio-political unrest and the COVID- 19 pandemic. They were asked to fill out an online survey including standardized questionnaires of well-being (WEMWBS), depression (PHQ- 9), anxiety (HAM-A), intolerance of uncertainty (IUS), and coping (Brief COPE), in addition to demographics and questions about their attitudes and future perspectives. Results The results highlight that adaptive coping strategies positively correlate with psychological well-being, whereas maladaptive ones are associated with higher levels of psychopathology. Specifically, it was shown that a positive association exists between anxiety, depression, intolerance of uncertainty, and maladaptive coping strategies while evidencing a negative association between the latter and well-being. Our multinominal regression showed that anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty and well-being were associated with low levels of adaptive coping when taking adaptive coping as a dependent variable. Conclusion Our study mainly highlights the relation between coping, uncertainty, and mental health. Although intended to help relieve tension, maladaptive strategies might worsen it instead. We emphasize previous findings to promote healthy adaptive coping strategies in times of unprecedented crises.

Background Help-seeking is an adaptive coping process encompassing orientation, intention and actual behaviors. Help-seeking intention which promotes help-seeking behavior is a protective factor for mental health. However, the psychological paths for help-seeking intention in first-year medical students, a population vulnerable to mental health challenges, remain elusive. Thus, we aim to explore the associations between coping resources (i.e., perceived social support (PSS) and self-compassion) and formal/informal help-seeking intention, and to further test the mediating role of coping strategies (i.e., active coping and behavioral disengagement) in these relationships. Methods The sample included 792 Chinese first-year medical students. Validated scale was used to assess PSS. The Self-compassion Scale Short Form (SCS-SF) and the Brief COPE were employed to evaluate self-compassion and coping strategies. Multiple linear regression and structural equation modeling (SEM) analyses were conducted. Results Multiple regression analyses indicated that PSS, self-compassion, active coping, and behavioral disengagement were significantly associated with formal/informal help-seeking intention. SEM further demonstrated that active coping significantly mediated the relationships between PSS and formal/informal help-seeking intention, as well as the relationships between self-compassion and formal/informal help-seeking intention. Moreover, behavioral disengagement was found to significantly mediate the association between self-compassion and formal help-seeking intention. Conclusions The present study identified five significant mediation paths, indicating the intricate relationships between coping resources, coping strategies, and help-seeking intention. These findings offer actionable insights for interventions, suggesting that enhancing PSS and fostering self-compassion can promote active coping, reduce behavioral disengagement, and ultimately increase both formal and informal help-seeking intention among first-year medical students in China.

The present study aimed to explore the use of meaning-making coping mechanisms (existential, spiritual and religious coping) among ethnic Malay cancer patients in Malaysia and to investigate the impact of culture on their choice of coping methods. Twenty-nine participants with various kinds of cancer were interviewed. Four kinds of coping resources emerged from analyses of the interview transcripts: (1) relying on transcendent power, (2) supernatural or mystical beliefs, (3) finding oneself in relationships with others and (4) nature. In this article, the two first resources are in focus. The present findings suggest that Malay culture, which is imbued with Islamic belief, strongly influences cancer patients' coping methods and ways of looking at their experience of being cancer patients.

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate when and why supervisor negative feedback is associated with employees' job performance via two different pathways (i.e. emotion-focused coping and problem-focused coping) and to introduce proactive personality as a moderator.Design/methodology/approachTime-lagged data were collected using a field survey research design. Participants included 389 dyads of employees and their direct supervisors from five companies in China.FindingsSupervisor negative feedback can lead to employees' emotion-focused coping, which in turn impairs their job performance. Meanwhile, supervisor negative feedback can trigger employees’ problem-focused coping, which subsequently promotes their job performance. Furthermore, proactive personality moderates the indirect effect of supervisor negative feedback on employee performance through emotion-focused coping.Originality/valueThis study explored the double-edged effects of supervisor negative feedback on employee job performance from a coping strategy perspective and investigated how proactive personality influences the choice of coping strategies.