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Objective: To assess the clinical profile and outcome of mechanically ventilated patients at a pediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary care teaching hospital of Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Jan 2018 to Jun 2018. Methodology: A prospective study was conducted on 200 patients admitted in the pediatric intensive care unit. Demographic profile included age, gender, medical illness and reason to put on the ventilator. Duration for which each patient stayed on mechanical ventilations was also calculated. Outcomes included death, discharge from Intensive Care Unit and leave against medical advice (LAMA). Results: A total of 200 patients admitted in pediatric intensive care unit were put on ventilator in the study duration time. Respiratory tract diseases including pneumonia was the commonest underlying medical disorder among the target population followed by neurological disorders. Mean age of patients put on ventilator was 3.23years (± 4.945). Most of the patients were put on ventilator in gasping condition. Out of 200 patients, 110 (55%) died, 75 (37.5%) were discharged and 15 (7.5%) left against the medical advice (LAMA). Conclusion: This study gives an insight into the pattern of common illnesses and conditions encountered and managed in a pediatric intensive care unit. Management of critically ill children involving the mechanical ventilator is an integral part of pediatric critical care medicine. More expertise and depth in this aspect may improve the outcome among these critically ill children.

Sporting events, integral to contemporary societies, not only enrich individual lives and drive economic growth but also profoundly influence the well-being of the communities they engage. This research employs an artificial neural network to investigate variations in the socio-demographic profile of motorsports event attendees, encompassing factors such as prior attendance, gender, age, education level, and income. Through inquiries into motivations, perceptions, experiences, and emotions related to the event, the study aims to construct adaptable ‘identikits’ or estimated profiles of participants. This innovative approach, easily customised by researchers, proves instrumental in developing sustainable products and services tailored to the preferences of high-speed sports event attendees. The results highlight attendance at previous editions of this event as the most influenced variable. Profiles with higher income have a better perception that the event improves the province’s image, although the overall evaluation is lower. Consequently, the practical contributions of this research extend to providing event promoters with comprehensive profiles of their target audience, fostering sustainability and strategic planning in motorsports events.

IntroductionThis study is a part of the bigger research project on the burnout syndrome risk and prevention factors [1,2,4].ObjectivesAt the current phase we aimed to discover: 1- trends observed in sociodemographic profiles of Ukrainian social workers(SW) who respond to the online survey; 2- if there is any correlation between the SW work engagement(WE) and general health(H).MethodsThe survey is designed out of two questionnaires - Gallup Q12 Employee Engagement survey(Q12) and the 15-item Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-15). Questions on the socio-demographic status are included according to the study purpose [3,4]. SW ‘from the field’ in Ukraine included in the study group(SG). Other professionals (doctors, lawyers, etc.) formed the comparison group(CG). Descriptive statistics applied for the data analyses.ResultsOur sample has the next socio-demographic characteristics: age 20-57 (average 33.2) years old, male/female ratio is 0.36; single at the moment of the study are 66.7%. The SG: women-87.5%, married-62.5%, social work experience -from 1 to 15years. In 28.6% of the CG respondents the Q12 revealed low(less than 50%) WE while in the SW no one showed low WE. PHQ-15: in the SG -62.5% mild and 12.5% -severe somatic problems; in the CG -57.1% mild and 28.6% -severe somatic symptoms. There were no statistically significant differences between 2 groups with regard to WE and H (p<0.05). Relations between variables are non-linear; therefore,Spearman’s coefficient (ρ) applied.ConclusionsThe weak association between the work engagement and health condition (ρ=0.3;p<0.05) is found. There are several limitations due to the sample specificity (online users in Ukraine).This study is ongoing.

In the context of the nationwide shift to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its possible effect on mental health, this study investigated the relationship between demographic, gadget and Internet profiles, and disease and consequence related COVID-19 anxiety among Filipino college students. This is a quantitative cross-sectional study. A total of 952 students participated in the online survey. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to draw insights from the data. Findings suggest that majority of the student respondents had high levels of disease and consequence related COVID-19 anxiety. Students from poorer households, who do not own laptops and desktop computers, and those with limited Internet connection exhibited higher levels of disease-related COVID-19 anxiety. Younger, poorer, female students who were enrolled in lower year levels, do not own laptops or tablets, and have limited or borrowed Internet connectivity demonstrated higher levels of consequence-related COVID-19 anxiety.

Abstract The identification of unknown persons, particularly those who are decomposed or burnt, is a global challenge. Forensic Anthropology Cape Town (FACT) is a service provider that assists the South African state with the identification of human remains. However, empirical data pertaining to anthropologically analysed forensic cases in the Western Cape Province of South Africa are lacking. Therefore, anthropological data pertaining to the forensic cases submitted to FACT between 2006 and 2018 from Forensic Pathology Services were retrospectively reviewed (n = 172). This study also sought to assess demographic, traumatic and pathological factors that impacted successful identification. Most decedents were male (67%) and older than 35 years (54%). While ante-mortem trauma was observed in 41% of decedents, the lack of medical records on ante-mortem injuries hindered the use of this information for identification. Positive identifications were reached for 37% of decedents, and of these, anthropological estimations were correct in 98% of cases for sex, 84% of cases for age at death and 100% of cases for stature. Considering globally accepted accuracies of 70–80%, these estimations were considered highly accurate, suggesting the anthropological methods used are suited to the population. However, 63% of cases remained unidentified, and this study showed that skeletal completeness and pathological conditions were the main factors that hindered demographic estimations. Lastly, not all unidentified bodies in the province were referred to FACT; given the highly accurate estimations, these data advocate for the routine, if not mandatory, use of forensic anthropology services for skeletonised remains in South Africa, with the overall purpose of positively impacting human identification. To improve identification rates globally, these data highlight the value of retrospective and region-specific studies to identify strengths and weaknesses in the system.

Addressing hunger, particularly within impoverished communities in Jordan and globally, demands innovative, practical solutions. The research focused on refugee populations and their preferences for interventions aligned with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2: Zero Hunger remains limited. This study explores the preferences of refugees in the Irbid Camp and Sakhra region, Jordan, for two potential interventions—cultivated roofs (CRs) and refrigerators as food banks (RaFB). Surveys conducted among 402 households serve to determine refugee preferences in hunger reduction, the influence of demographic attributes on these choices, and the feasibility of each proposed intervention. Chi-square tests were utilized to establish correlations between refugee intervention preferences and demographic variables, such as age, gender, education level, and family size. The results reveal a strong preference (90%) for RaFB over CRs (10%). While no significant demographic influence was identified on the acceptance of CRs, a strong correlation was discovered between the education level and the acceptance of the RaFB intervention. RaFB was predominantly favored due to its lower implementation costs, reduced effort, lower risk, cultural compatibility, and demonstrated success in similar contexts. Conversely, highly educated refugees were more likely to reject RaFB, indicating potential influences from diverse cultural perspectives or access to alternate solutions. This study provides valuable insight into the potential advantages and challenges of implementing CRs and RaFB projects. It further underscores the need for policymakers to consider demographic factors and cultural nuances in future intervention designs to achieve SDG 2 more effectively.

PurposeBased on goal-directed behavior, this study explores the direct effects and the interaction between health and environmental concerns as the main drivers of organic food consumption. Consumer's economic problems are proposed as the main barrier for such behavior from a cost-benefit approach theoretically grounded on decision theory.Design/methodology/approachData were collected using the 26,669 European 95.1 wave participants of the Eurobarometer survey. Logistic regression estimates are used to analyze the hypotheses postulated.FindingsThe results indicated the significant association of both health and environmental concerns with organic food consumption, as well as the existence of an interactive effect between both consumer goals. As a novel finding, health concern weakens the influence of environmental concern on organic food consumption. Consumer's economic problems harms the expansion of organic food consumption as well as other socio-demographic factors included as control variables.Originality/valueFor the first time, this research explores the interaction effect between health and environmental concerns as antecedents of organic food consumption. The study argues that these consumer goals present differential features in terms of individual importance, feasibility, abstractness and outcome demonstrability, resulting in a prevalence of health over environmental goals for some consumers. The research provides not only novel insights for understanding organic food consumption but also provides additional evidence for practitioners to develop sales strategies and policymakers to formulate policies to guide the promotion of this so desired example of sustainable consumption.

More efficient and productive employees enable businesses to achieve better results, innovate, enhance the quality of products and services, and respond to changing market conditions. The research focuses on an analysis of procrastination at work in Slovak SMEs. The study investigated and analyzed the prevalence of procrastination and demographic determinants among 253 administrative employees of various SMEs in Slovakia using an online survey with the Procrastination at Work Scale. The study's implications for Central European SMEs include providing actionable recommendations in the field of motivation and laying the groundwork for future research on global changes in SME management.

Mounting evidence highlights the high prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among correctional workers. The current analysis draws on survey response data to present a social profile of correctional workers in the province of Manitoba ( n  = 580), Canada, who screened positive for PTSD ( n  = 196). We examined demographic information, professional history information, and adverse work exposure experiences, as well as treatment and support patterns. The analysis was not intended to identify correlates of PTSD development among correctional workers, but did identify the characteristics, professional and personal situations, and treatment experiences of correctional workers who screened positive for PTSD. The results highlight the multidimensional nature of work stressors, the pronounced problem of work–life conflict, and variations in seeking supports and treatments. Generally, participants screening positive for PTSD reported higher exposure to potentially psychologically traumatic events, higher environmental or occupational stressors at work, and many had prior work experience as public safety personnel. Correctional workers who screened positive for PTSD appeared more likely to access mental health supports. Promoting proactive support seeking for mental health treatment may help to mitigate the severity, frequency, stigma, and length of mental health challenges among correctional workers.