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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) most commonly presents with respiratory symptoms, including cough, shortness of breath, and sore throat. However, digestive symptoms also occur in patients with COVID-19 and are often described in outpatients with less severe disease. In this study, we sought to describe the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with digestive symptoms and mild disease severity. We identified COVID-19 patients with mild disease and one or more digestive symptoms (diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting), with or without respiratory symptoms, and compared them with a group presenting solely with respiratory symptoms. We followed up patients clinically until they tested negative for COVID-19 on at least 2 sequential respiratory tract specimens collected ≥24 hours apart. We then compared the clinical features between those with digestive symptoms and those with respiratory symptoms. There were 206 patients with low severity COVID-19, including 48 presenting with a digestive symptom alone, 69 with both digestive and respiratory symptoms, and 89 with respiratory symptoms alone. Between the 2 groups with digestive symptoms, 67 presented with diarrhea, of whom 19.4% experienced diarrhea as the first symptom in their illness course. The diarrhea lasted from 1 to 14 days, with an average duration of 5.4 ± 3.1 days and a frequency of 4.3 ± 2.2 bowel movements per day. Concurrent fever was found in 62.4% of patients with a digestive symptom. Patients with digestive symptoms presented for care later than those with respiratory symptoms (16.0 ± 7.7 vs 11.6 ± 5.1 days, P < 0.001). Nevertheless, patients with digestive symptoms had a longer duration between symptom onset and viral clearance (P < 0.001) and were more likely to be fecal virus positive (73.3% vs 14.3%, P = 0.033) than those with respiratory symptoms. We describe a unique subgroup of COVID-19 patients with mild disease severity marked by the presence of digestive symptoms. These patients are more likely to test positive for viral RNA in stool, to have a longer delay before viral clearance, and to experience delayed diagnosis compared with patients with only respiratory symptoms.

Lamm explains the role the gut plays in health which goes far beyond digestion and then discusses how to begin taking care of it.

Age is the dominant risk factor for infectious diseases, but the mechanisms linking age to infectious disease risk are incompletely understood. Age-related mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCAs) detected from genotyping of blood-derived DNA, are structural somatic variants indicative of clonal hematopoiesis, and are associated with aberrant leukocyte cell counts, hematological malignancy, and mortality. Here, we show that mCAs predispose to diverse types of infections. We analyzed mCAs from 768,762 individuals without hematological cancer at the time of DNA acquisition across five biobanks. Expanded autosomal mCAs were associated with diverse incident infections (hazard ratio (HR) 1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.15–1.36; P  = 1.8 × 10 −7 ), including sepsis (HR 2.68; 95% CI = 2.25–3.19; P  = 3.1 × 10 −28 ), pneumonia (HR 1.76; 95% CI = 1.53–2.03; P  = 2.3 × 10 −15 ), digestive system infections (HR 1.51; 95% CI = 1.32–1.73; P  = 2.2 × 10 −9 ) and genitourinary infections (HR 1.25; 95% CI = 1.11–1.41; P  = 3.7 × 10 −4 ). A genome-wide association study of expanded mCAs identified 63 loci, which were enriched at transcriptional regulatory sites for immune cells. These results suggest that mCAs are a marker of impaired immunity and confer increased predisposition to infections. The burden of mosaic chromosomal alterations in blood-derived DNA, a type of clonal hematopoiesis, is associated with an increased risk for diverse types of infections, including sepsis and pneumonia.

If you're seeking to alleviate Leaky Gut Syndrome--or if you follow a GAPS, Specific Carbohydrate Diet, Paleo, or gluten-free diet--you will find delicious relief within the pages of Healthy Gut Cookbook. With 120 recipes--and up to 30 variations--for bone broths, fermented foods, soups, yogurt, meat and fish dishes, appetizers, and desserts, you can heal yourself without having to compromise on flavor.

Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs), formed as a result of plastic product degradation, pose a global environmental threat by penetrating biological systems and inducing systemic pathological changes. This systematic review, conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines, aims to analyze the molecular and cellular mechanisms of the toxic effects of MPs and NPs on the human cardiovascular, nervous, reproductive, urinary, and digestive systems. The primary mechanisms include oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and impaired barrier functions. In the cardiovascular system, MPs and NPs contribute to endothelial dysfunction, disorders of lipid metabolism, and fibrosis; in the nervous system, they promote neuroinflammation, pathological protein aggregation, and psychiatric disorders; in the reproductive system, they lead to hormonal imbalance and reduced fertility; in the kidneys, they cause inflammation, and fibrosis and lead to deterioration of kidney function; and in the gastrointestinal tract, they contribute to dysbiosis and metabolic disorders. The literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases without limitations on date, language, or access. Studies were selected based on criteria of transparency, statistical validity, sample representativeness, and correctness of data interpretation. The review emphasizes the necessity of an interdisciplinary approach to developing prevention and treatment strategies, including reduction in exposure, antioxidant and immunomodulatory therapy, and restoration of barrier functions and microbiota. The data obtained reveal research gaps and identify directions for further study.

Despite the significant progress that has been made in the diagnosis and treatment of digestive system diseases, these conditions continue to pose a serious public health concern worldwide. There is an ongoing need for strategies that are precise, efficient and minimally invasive. Nanozymes, engineered nanomaterials that exhibit catalytic functions, have attracted considerable interest in this context. However, clinical application of nanozymes remains limited primarily due to their diversity, targetability, biocompatibility and early-stage clinical translation. The present review presented a comprehensive analysis of nanozymes in digestive system diseases. The main enzyme-like activities of nanozymes are summarized to guide further material selection and characteristic exploration. Preclinical applications are highlighted with mechanisms and theranostic effects discussed alongside their potential limitations. Emerging combination therapies, including photodynamic therapy, sonodynamic therapy and biotherapy, are reviewed. Finally, the current challenges of nanozymes and possible future developments are discussed.

\"Digestive disorders such as IBS and Crohn's disease are rapidly increasing, and many sufferers are struggling with their symptoms ... The low-FODMAP diet eliminates common carbohydrates that may trigger a reaction, but getting rid of such everyday staples as onions, garlic, milk, and bread can make cooking challenging. [This book] features more than 80 ... recipes that are extremely low in FODMAP but tempting enough for the entire family to enjoy\"--Amazon.com.

Background Sequelae and complications have become a significant concern in the post-pandemic era of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID−19). However, it remains unclear whether there is a direct causal relationship between COVID−19 or vaccination and digestive diseases, as existing evidence is ambiguous and controversial. In this study, we investigated the associations between multiple COVID−19 infection phenotypes, vaccination, and 20 common digestive diseases, and explored their causal relationships through extensive Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Methods For individuals of European descent, we conducted an extensive two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. Six COVID−19 infection (six phenotypes) GWAS datasets and two vaccination (from the UK and Finland) GWAS datasets were used as exposure factors; 20 common digestive diseases were treated as outcome factors, with each disease having two or more GWAS datasets, mostly sourced from the UK Biobank and FinnGene platforms. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the exposures were used as instrumental variables (IVs) to estimate the causal relationship between COVID−19, vaccination, and the 20 digestive diseases. Meta-analysis was conducted to assess the combined causal effect from multiple MR results. Results MR analysis revealed a causal relationship between COVID−19 and duodenal ulcer ( P  = 4.98E−03, OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00–1.00). Additionally, COVID−19 hospitalization was associated with viral hepatitis ( P  = 4.94E−02, OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.00−1.21), cirrhosis ( P  = 1.72E−02, OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.85–0.98), and chronic pancreatitis ( P  = 1.48E−02, OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84–0.98). Severe COVID−19 infection was linked to viral hepatitis ( P  = 3.57E−02, OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00–1.00), cholelithiasis ( P  = 3.50E−02, OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00–1.00), and Crohn’s disease ( P  = 4.15E−02, OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93−1.00). Meta-analysis further supported a causal link between COVID−19 and duodenal ulcer ( P  = 4.97E−03, OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00–1.00), gastroesophageal reflux disease ( P  = 3.38E−02, OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00−1.07), and chronic pancreatitis ( P  = 2.67E−03, OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87–0.97). COVID−19 vaccination (Finland) was associated with an increased risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease ( P  = 3.38E−02, OR = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.01–1.24). After applying the Benjamini-Hochberg correction, no significant differences were observed in the meta-analysis results. Conclusions This extensive MR study found no strong causal relationship between COVID−19 infection, vaccination, and 20 common digestive diseases based on genetic data. These results help clarify the longstanding uncertainty surrounding the potential causal links between COVID−19-related factors and digestive diseases. Our findings suggest that genetic variants associated with COVID−19 infection and vaccination do not significantly influence the risk of these diseases, which could inform clinical treatment strategies and public health guidelines.