Journal Article

Hematopoietic mosaic chromosomal alterations increase the risk for diverse types of infection

Pirruccello, James P., Terao, Chikashi, Pampana, Akhil, Ebert, Benjamin L., Natarajan, Pradeep, Zekavat, Seyedeh M., Kamatani, Yoichiro, Lin, Shu-Hong, Reilly, Muredach P., Yu, Zhaolong, Smoller, Jordan W., Bick, Alexander G., Karlson, Elizabeth W., Ye, Yixuan, Ganna, Andrea, Uddin, Md Mesbah, Kiryluk, Krzysztof, Bhattacharya, Romit, Kohli, Puja, Liu, Aoxing, Loh, Po-Ru, Lebo, Matthew, Ionita-Laza, Iuliana, Zhao, Hongyu, Daly, Mark J., Genovese, Giulio, Engels, Eric A., Paruchuri, Kaavya, McCarroll, Steven A., Neale, Benjamin, Brown, Derek W., Machiela, Mitchell J., Green, Robert, Weiss, Scott T., Ellinor, Patrick T., Liu, Xiaoxi, Wang, Chen

2021

Overview

Age is the dominant risk factor for infectious diseases, but the mechanisms linking age to infectious disease risk are incompletely understood. Age-related mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCAs) detected from genotyping of blood-derived DNA, are structural somatic variants indicative of clonal hematopoiesis, and are associated with aberrant leukocyte cell counts, hematological malignancy, and mortality. Here, we show that mCAs predispose to diverse types of infections. We analyzed mCAs from 768,762 individuals without hematological cancer at the time of DNA acquisition across five biobanks. Expanded autosomal mCAs were associated with diverse incident infections (hazard ratio (HR) 1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.15–1.36; P  = 1.8 × 10 −7 ), including sepsis (HR 2.68; 95% CI = 2.25–3.19; P  = 3.1 × 10 −28 ), pneumonia (HR 1.76; 95% CI = 1.53–2.03; P  = 2.3 × 10 −15 ), digestive system infections (HR 1.51; 95% CI = 1.32–1.73; P  = 2.2 × 10 −9 ) and genitourinary infections (HR 1.25; 95% CI = 1.11–1.41; P  = 3.7 × 10 −4 ). A genome-wide association study of expanded mCAs identified 63 loci, which were enriched at transcriptional regulatory sites for immune cells. These results suggest that mCAs are a marker of impaired immunity and confer increased predisposition to infections. The burden of mosaic chromosomal alterations in blood-derived DNA, a type of clonal hematopoiesis, is associated with an increased risk for diverse types of infections, including sepsis and pneumonia.

• Publisher: Nature Publishing Group US,Nature Publishing Group
• Subject: 631/208/248/1381 / 692/699/255 / Adolescent / Adult / Age / Aged / Aged, 80 and over / Aging - genetics / Aging - pathology / Biological Specimen Banks / Biomedical and Life Sciences / Biomedicine / Blood / Blood cancer / Cancer Research / Chromosome Aberrations / Communicable diseases / Communicable Diseases - complications / Communicable Diseases - genetics / Communicable Diseases - microbiology / Confidence intervals / Demographic aspects / Deoxyribonucleic acid / Digestive system / Digestive System Diseases - epidemiology / Digestive System Diseases - genetics / Digestive System Diseases - microbiology / DNA / Female / Genetic aspects / Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Genome-wide association studies / Genome-Wide Association Study / Genomes / Genotype / Genotyping / Health aspects / Health risks / Hematologic Neoplasms - complications / Hematologic Neoplasms - genetics / Hematologic Neoplasms - microbiology / Hematology / Hematopoiesis / Humans / Immune system / Infections / Infectious Diseases / Leukocytes / Male / Malignancy / Metabolic Diseases / Middle Aged / Molecular Medicine / Mosaicism / Neurosciences / Pneumonia / Pneumonia - epidemiology / Pneumonia - genetics / Pneumonia - microbiology / Risk analysis / Risk Factors / Sepsis / Sepsis - epidemiology / Sepsis - genetics / Sepsis - microbiology / Transcription / Urogenital Abnormalities - epidemiology / Urogenital Abnormalities - genetics / Urogenital Abnormalities - microbiology / Young Adult