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The book offers a realistic assessment of experiences, trends, and outlook on the Information, Communications Technology (ICT) sector, with a focus on actual results and justified expectations. It attempts to track and analyze global ICT development trends, and to provide empirical evidence of the benefits that ICT is providing in terms of economic growth and poverty reduction. Indicators for the Millennium development Goals (MDG) targets, among others, have been incorporated into the ICT At-a-Glance tables compiled for this report. It contributes to the creation of a basis for more systematic monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of the progress and impact of ICT, and provides as well as useful insights on ICT for development in general. Besides consolidating all these M&E efforts and sharing of the findings with the development community, the report also includes analytical work that applies these data to a range of topics: investment trends, principles and practical solutions to extending ICT services, the role of ICT in doing business, trends in national e-strategies, and approaches to tracking ICT globally. Part I of the report assesses topics essential to developing ICT. It contains chapters on investment (chapter 2), access (chapter 3), diffusion and use (chapter 4), country policies and strategies (chapter 5), and targets, monitoring, and evaluation (chapter 6). Each chapter provides a theoretical and qualitative framework supported by quantitative evidence. Where limited data impede comprehensive economic analysis, a case study approach is used. Part II presents the new Bank ICT At-a-Glance tables for 144 economies, which show the most recent national data on key indicators of ICT development, including access, quality, affordability, efficiency, sustainability, and applications.

The evolution of information systems has escalated significantly within the last decade as research unveils new concepts. The general orientation to provide solutions to complex problems continues to inspire innovation and new advancements. Cybersecurity is emerging as a critical factor for consideration within the resultant paradigm as information systems become significantly integrated. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of cybersecurity within the context of information systems. The paper examines some of the most consequential aspects of cybersecurity from the perspective of an e-government project in Saudi Arabia. A holistic system is proposed within the research framework to incorporate various scientific guidelines. The general orientation of this research is predicated on the aspiration to design and implement a complex and robust framework within which an e-government system can thrive within the Saudi Arabian context. A consideration of the physical environment within which the project will operate is also made, focusing on security. An evaluation of the cybersecurity environment in Saudi Arabia is reflective of significant advancements that have occurred in information system domains within the past few years.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to summarize the literature of electronic government frameworks and models to identify various constructs and their relationship to measure the performance of e-government projects. Design/methodology/approach In total, 77 publications were identified from Scopus database after using exclusion and inclusion criteria. A total of 136 constructs were mapped across five categories. Further using network science, communities of usage of these constructs across different studies were identified. Findings Dominant constructs used across studies were ease of use, usefulness, user satisfaction, infrastructure, website maturity, security, user trust, transparency, empowerment, operational efficiency, service quality and information quality. This review offers directions for future research in terms of potential for constructs, which have been explored lesser in the existing literature. Research limitations/implications The study provides direction for the usage of theoretical lenses, constructs and association among usage for the evaluation of e-government projects, which have been used less in existing literature, and thus, has higher needs for greater exploration. Search scope is limited to Scopus database, which is one of the largest citation database. Practical implications It gives information to the policymakers about the importance of the dominant constructs such as user satisfaction, usefulness, ease of use, efficiency and quality, which have been used across the spectrum of studies of e-government performance assessment frameworks and models. Practitioners need to accommodate the relevance of these factors while designing processes and key performance indicators. Originality/value This study analyzes the e-government assessment frameworks and gives direction to theory building for future studies.

Purpose This paper aims to increase the current understanding of the connection between operational level information and communication technology (ICT) projects and national level digital transformation by researching how project governance structures and practices are applied in an e-government context. Design/methodology/approach An elaborative qualitative study through public documentary analysis and empirical multi-case research on Finnish central government is used. Findings The study constructs a multi-level governance structure with three main functions and applies this in an empirical setting. The results also describe how different governance practices and processes, focusing on project portfolio management, are applied vertically across different organizational levels to connect the ICT projects with the national digitalization strategy. Originality/value This study integrates project governance and portfolio management knowledge into public sector digitalization, thus contributing to project management, e-government and ICT research streams by improving the current understanding on the governance of ICT projects as part of a larger-scale digitalization. This study also highlights perceived gaps between current governance practices and provides implications to managers and practitioners working in the field to address these gaps.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate information dissemination related to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on German local governmental websites in metropolitan areas. With the growing importance of urban areas for sustainable development, the Association of German Cities recommended an official commitment to the SDGs of all cities. In this paper, the author analyzes which cities report about their commitment to the SDGs on their governmental websites, what thematic information with regard to the SDGs is published on these websites and the role of partnerships and citizen participation in relation to the SDGs.Design/methodology/approachContent analysis of local governmental websites of the 15 largest German cities was conducted in July 2018.FindingsThe SDGs found their way into several German cities and their corresponding governmental websites. The most prevalent topics linked to the SDGs are education, climate protection, fair trade, energy and mobility. The cities have different strategies in informing about the goals. Most cities emphasize the role of citizen participation and partnerships on their websites.Research limitations/implicationsThe analysis of websites can only provide a snapshot of reality as the content changes permanently. Further, a limited number of cities were considered which should be expanded in future research.Originality/valueThis study shows examples of German cities raising awareness on the SDGs and demonstrates gaps in doing so. It can help other cities in identifying possibilities and opportunities to deal with the SDGs and raise awareness on them by publishing related information on governmental websites.

Purpose This paper aims to analyse extant literature on open data, distinguish and categorize the strands of public accountability research and use the results to provide better clarity in the concept of open data-driven public accountability. Design/methodology/approach Systematic review of 135 open data articles and 155 accountability articles from the e-government reference library. A multi-stage analysis results in 12 articles which are categorized using Bovens’ (2007) accountability theory of information, discussion and consequences. Conceptual development, using the literature analysis, forms the final section of the paper. Findings Research demonstrates that a range of open data topics has been advanced. However, just 12 articles exist that simultaneously address open data and accountability theory. Of the total 155 public accountability articles, the preponderant focus is on the information (N = 25) and discussion (N = 7) stages of the accountability process. Just one article focuses on the complete accountability process. To address this problem, the characterization of open (government) data-driven public accountability establishes conceptual crispness and clarity. Originality/value Public accountability theory on open government has become overshadowed by social and economic value perspectives. This paper clarifies and advances the open data-driven public accountability perspective. It takes stock of public accountability research, delimits the key issues and questions and highlights the next steps needed for developing scholarship.

The paper investigates the accessibility of local government websites. It focuses in particular on disability, e-administration, and web accessibility standards for the visually impaired. The research involved 182 websites of local government bodies of the Ma±opolskie Voivodeship (Poland). It employed selected automated testing applications. The occurrence of selected accessibility tools on the websites was verified with a cognitive walkthrough. A questionnaire survey was conducted as well. Results of the automatic measurements were standardized using the unitarization method. The effort yielded an aggregate final score for each website in the form of the AAR (Aggregate Accessibility Rating). It was used to build a ranking list of the websites and order them by the accessibility criterion. The websites achieved 57.23% of the available AAR points in total. This indicates there is a great opportunity for improvement in the accessibility of the investigated websites (in the employed research design). Moreover, municipalities were found to be heavily committed to the questionnaire survey, which is indicative of the importance and relevance of the problem of accessibility and quality of public websites.

Promote the application and use of technology in state agencies, in order to improve access to information, procedures and services offered to citizens; increase the efficiency and effectiveness of public management and substantially increase the transparency and participation of citizens, are the main concepts associated with Electronic Government. Section 2 defines the literature review towards the study variables; Section 3 focuses on illustrating the model used in the study as well as the hypotheses development; Section 4 shows the methodology used; Section 5 analysis the collected data; Section 6 discusses the findings and compare them with the findings of previous studies; and finally Section 7 represents conclusion which includes future research directions. Literature Review 2.1The Concept of E-government Electronic governance or E-governance is the use of information and communication technology (ICT) to provide government services, information exchange, communication exchanges, integration of different systems and independent services between government and citizen (G2C), government business (G2B), government to government (G2G), government to employees (G2E), as well as back-office processes and interactions within the entire government framework. Policy challenges: strategic barriers include the security of citizens, the ownership of information and the evolution of the disposition of electronic government. [...]the researcher tries to cover some of the elements of the framework by organizing the perceived barriers, in order to develop a conceptual model for the implementation of electronic

One of the challenges for implementing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is the measurement of indicators that represent progress towards such goals. Measuring such progress enables data-driven decision-making and management of SDG-relevant projects and strategies. The premise of this research is that measuring such indicators depends on measuring so-called means of implementation, i.e. activities that directly contribute to the achievement of SDGs. Building on this premise, this article studies how the measurement of digital government (DG) can contribute to the measurement of SDGs. In particular, how the indicators originating in three DG measurement instruments can inform the SDG indicators. The main finding is an alignment matrix, showing how the DG indicators contribute with varying level of specificity to the measurement of 10 SDG indicators.

Prior e-government development models have tended to consider e-government development per se as a goal, rather than as a means to an end. Considering the public value creation as a goal of public organizations, recent studies have assessed government websites from public value perspectives, but they have focused on the internal production of universal public value and overlooked contextualized public value co-creation. This study examines the ways in which e-government development models may be extended to contextualized public value co-creation, using a mixed-methods approaches. This study provides evidence for the extension to a contextualization stage that complements the goal-oriented vision.