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Rewire your anxious brain : how to use the neuroscience of fear to end anxiety, panic, & worry
\"In Rewire Your Anxious Brain, a clinical psychologist offers readers a unique, evidence-based solution to overcoming anxiety based in cutting-edge neuroscience and research. In the book, readers will learn how the amygdala and cortex (both important parts of the brain) are essential players in the neuropsychology of anxiety. Using the practical self-assessments and proven-effective techniques in the book, readers will learn to \"rewire\" the brain processes that lie at the root of their fears\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
10-year follow-up study on attendance pattern after dental treatment in primary oral health care clinic for fearful patients
Background
Dental fear may lead to avoidance of regular dental treatment. The scope of this long-term practe-based study was to monitor the dental attendance of patients who received chair-side dental and fear treatment.
Methods
In 2000–2006, patients in the City of Oulu, Finland, received treatment for dental fear in the Clinic for Fearful Dental Patients (CFDP) from primary health care dentists trained on this subject. Of the originally treated patients (n = 163), 152 (93%) with sufficient information in dental records made up the study population. Information on their age and sex was available. The number of dental examinations, emergency visits and missed appointments was collected covering the follow-up period of 10 years 2006–2016. For analyses, data were dichotomized according to age at baseline and preliminary outcome baseline condition of dental fear treatment evaluated in 2006. To investigate association further, Poisson regression as well as binary logistic regression models were conducted. As register keeper, the City of Oulu gave permission for this retrospective data-based study.
Results
Patients receiving dental fear treatment at younger age (2–10 y) had significantly more dental examinations than those treated at > 10 years. Preliminary success was associated with the number of examinations, but not with emergency visits and missed appointments. Sex was not a significant factor in later dental attendance. There was an association between few dental examinations and dental emergency care need with unsuccessful baseline outcome of dental fear treatment.
Conclusions
Successful dental fear treatment especially at an early age is beneficial for future dental attendance measured by the number of examinations and consequently, less need for emergency care than in the opposite case. Successful fear treatment has positive impact on later dental care and regular dental attendance.
Journal Article
Treatment Fears: Barriers to Young Psychotropic Substance Abusers Receiving Residential Drug Rehabilitation Treatment
This study examined the treatment fears about the residential drug treatment among 303 young male substance abusers from non-government treatment agencies in Hong Kong. Treatment fears including early treatment fears and anticipated discharge fears were assessed by an indigenous 35-item Early Treatment Fears Scale (ETF) and a 39-item Anticipated Discharge Fears Scale (ADF). Reliability analyses showed that both scales were internally consistent. Regarding dimensionality of the two scales, seven factors (maladaptation, social problems, criminal justice concerns, loss of autonomy, intimacy concern, family issues, and other fears) were abstracted from the ETF, whereas a five-factor structure (treatment failure, uncertainty, people problems, future problems, and family issues) was found for the ADF. As predicted, all subscales of ETF and ADF were significantly correlated with each other. The present findings provide practical implications for social workers and allied professionals when they work with young substance abusers receiving treatment in residential drug treatment agencies.
Journal Article
“Help! I’m Afraid of Driving!” Review of Driving Fear and its Treatment
Fear of driving is common in the general population and can lead to serious constraints in everyday life. There has been increased attention to this area of research and clinical practice over the past few decades, and a summary of the literature on treatment approaches is timely. This article gives an overview of the current state of research on driving fear and its treatment. First, the main findings about the construct and diagnosis are summarized, including understandings of the epidemiology and etiology of driving fear. Second, existing treatment studies of cognitive and behavioral therapy, virtual reality therapy, trauma-focused and hypnosis-based interventions and treatment approaches using technological aids such as driving-simulators are presented. Until now, no randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the treatment of driving fear have been conducted. Suggestions for future research are made, especially with regard to further exploration of diagnostic features of driving fear and the need for RCTs and robust treatment procedures.
Journal Article
Relationship of reasons and fears of treatment with outcome in substance using population attending a de-addiction centre
Substance users approach a treatment facility for a variety of reasons as well as avoid or delay in help seeking due to perceived fears with treatment facilities. Sometimes these factors might be associated with treatment outcomes.
We studied the relationship of reasons and fears of treatment seeking with treatment outcome in substance users.
One hundred subjects, attending the Drug Deaddiction and Treatment Centre, PGIMER, were prospectively recruited by purposive sampling. A semistructured proforma was used to gather sociodemographic and clinical data. Reasons of help-seeking and fear questionnaire, social support scale, and PGI locus of control scale were then applied. Followup data were available for 69 patients, which were classified into good or poor outcome based on relapse status.
At 6 months followup, 22 patients had relapsed, while 47 patients did not relapse. A higher degree of dysfunction due to substance at baseline was associated with relapsed status at followup. Parents or guardians coming to know about resuming substance and being unemployed for a long time were the reasons associated with relapsed status, while needing to consult a doctor immediately was significantly related to abstinent status at followup. Fear of not being able to meet substance using friends was associated with a poorer outcome in the form of relapse.
Reasons for treatment seeking as well as fears related to treatment have significant implications on the clinical outcome of substance abusing patients. Addressing these could help in better patient outcomes.
Journal Article
Photoacoustic treatment mitigates cognitive dysfunction in a model of sleep-wake rhythm disturbance
Sleep-wake rhythm disturbances, which are characterized by abnormal sleep timing or duration, are associated with cognitive dysfunction. Photoacoustic treatments including light and sound stimulation have been found to be effective in modulating sleep patterns and improving cognitive behavior in abnormal sleep-wake pattern experiments. In this study, we examined whether light and sound interventions could reduce sleep-wake pattern disturbances and memory deficits in a sleep rhythm disturbance model. We established a model of sleep rhythm disturbance in C57BL/6J mice via a sleep deprivation method involving manual cage tapping, cage jostling, and nest disturbance. We used a Mini Mitter radio transmitter device to monitor motor activity in the mice and fear conditioning tests to assess cognitive function. Our results indicated that an intervention in which the mice were exposed to blue light (40-Hz flickering frequency) for 1 hour during their subjective daytime significantly improved the 24-hour-acrophase shift and reduced the degree of memory deficit induced by sleep deprivation. However, interventions in which the mice were exposed to a 40-Hz blue light at offset time or subjective night time points, as well as 2 Hz-blue light at 3 intervention time points (subjective day time, subjective night time, and offset time points), had no positive effects on circadian rhythm shift or memory deficits. Additionally, a 2000-Hz sound intervention during subjective day time attenuated the 24-hour-acrophase shift and memory decline, while 440-Hz and 4000-Hz sounds had no effect on circadian rhythms. Overall, these results demonstrate that photoacoustic treatment effectively corrected abnormal sleep-wake patterns and cognitive dysfunction associated with sleep-deprivation-induced disturbances in sleep-wake rhythm. All animal experiments were approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to the Medical College of Nanjing University, China (approval No. 20171102) on November 20, 2017.
Journal Article
Willingness to Pay for Dental Fear Treatment: Is Supplying Dental Fear Treatment Socially Beneficial?
The aim of this paper is to discuss the social desirability of supplying dental fear treatment in addition to dental treatment using the results from a treatment programme for patients with severe dental fear. The programme consisted of three different dental fear treatments: Cognitive therapy, applied relaxation and nitrous oxide sedation, in addition to dental treatment. To evaluate the effects of uncertainty on the patients' benefits from the programme, we elicited their willingness to pay, both before and after receiving treatment, since we expected patients to be uncertain about the outcome of the dental fear treatment. We found that the social desirability of the treatment was very sensitive to uncertainty. While only 24% of the patients were willing to pay the actual cost of the treatment before attending, 71% were willing to pay afterwards. This implies that many patients who would benefit from the treatment ex post are not willing to pay the cost of the treatment ex ante, and will thus not receive any treatment unless it is subsidized.
Journal Article
Calming your anxious mind : how mindfulness and compassion can free you from anxiety, fear and panic
This is a major revision of the classic book using mindfulness to overcome anxiety. It includes information on the latest research into mindfulness, new step-by-step exercises, and new thoughts on taking daily mindfulness to deeper and more rewarding levels.
eBook
American trilogy
The Cape Fear River runs through Bladen County, North Carolina, population 33,000. On its western bank, in the town of Tar Heel, sits the largest slaughterhouse in the world. Deep below the slaughterhouse, one may find the arrowheads of Siouan-speaking peoples who roamed there for a millennium. Nearer the surface is evidence of slaves who labored there for a century. And now, the slaughterhouse kills the population of Bladen County, in hogs, every day.In this remarkable account, Wise traces the history of today's deadly harvest. From the colonies to the slave trade, from the artificial conception and unrecorded death of one single pig to the surreal science of the pork industry-whose workers continue the centuries of oppression-he unveils a portrait of this nation through the lives of its most vulnerable. His explorations ultimately lead to hope from a most unlikely source: the Baptist clergy, a voice in this wilderness proclaiming a new view of creation.
eBook
Fear of flying treatment programs for passengers: an international update
Background. This article is an update of an earlier international review of fear of flying treatment programs.
Method. One hundred and sixty two airlines and treatment facilities around the world were approached for information on treatment programs for flying phobia. In comparison to the earlier review, the number of treatment facilities able to provide relevant and valid information increased from 15 to 36. Information was obtained both with a written questionnaire and by obtaining oral information from treatment facility representatives. This information was obtained at the second international fear of flying conference in Vienna on December 2000. The increase in the number of participating facilities can presumably be attributed both to a world wide increase in the demand for treatment for fear of flying and professionals becoming more interested in entering the field of fear of flying treatment. However, the increase may also be due to the fact that some clinics or programs have only recently discovered the international network of treatment facilities.
Results. In comparison to the previous review, the number of facilities that provide treatment programs that meet high professional standards has increased considerably over the past few years. Although there is still substantial variety in the quality and components of treatment programs, there is also a significant number of facilities that provide more or less similar qualified treatment programs and carry out treatment evaluation on a regular basis. Furthermore, experts from the participating centers reached consensus on ‘golden rules’ for fear of flying patients and flying-phobia therapists.
Conclusions. There is a growing consensus among fear of flying treatment facilities on methods and protocols.
Journal Article