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Who is a Native American? And who gets to decide? From genealogists searching online for their ancestors to fortune hunters hoping for a slice of casino profits from wealthy tribes, the answers to these seemingly straightforward questions have profound ramifications. The rise of DNA testing has further complicated the issues and raised the stakes. In Native American DNA, Kim TallBear shows how DNA testing is a powerful-and problematic-scientific process that is useful in determining close biological relatives. But tribal membership is a legal category that has developed in dependence on certain social understandings and historical contexts, a set of concepts that entangles genetic information in a web of family relations, reservation histories, tribal rules, and government regulations. At a larger level, TallBear asserts, the \"markers\" that are identified and applied to specific groups such as Native American tribes bear the imprints of the cultural, racial, ethnic, national, and even tribal misinterpretations of the humans who study them. TallBear notes that ideas about racial science, which informed white definitions of tribes in the nineteenth century, are unfortunately being revived in twenty-first-century laboratories. Because today's science seems so compelling, increasing numbers of Native Americans have begun to believe their own metaphors: \"in our blood\" is giving way to \"in our DNA.\" This rhetorical drift, she argues, has significant consequences, and ultimately she shows how Native American claims to land, resources, and sovereignty that have taken generations to ratify may be seriously-and permanently-undermined.

Inspired by the growing ancestry and DNA-testing crazes, this guide helps readers dig into the past and learn more about their own family history.

Palaca Basiljevic-Gucetic [Bassegli-Gozze] u Dubrovniku sastavni je dio stambenoga bloka omedenog trima znacajnim javnim prostorima povijesne gradske jezgre: Bunicevom poljanom na juznoj strani, Gundulicevom poljanom na zapadnoj te Pred dvorom na njegovoj istocnoj strani. Danas palaca Basiljevic-Gucetic cini tek manji dio bloka, no kljucni je cimbenik njegova povijesno-prostornog razvoja. Iako cini bitan dio gradskoga tkiva povijesne jezgre i sadrzi brojne arheoloske i povijesne slojeve, upravo stambena arhitektura Dubrovnika cesto ostaje nedovoljno istrazena. Ovaj rad stoga donosi dosad nepoznatu prostornu genezu palace, predstavlja njenu vaznost u urbanom i drustveno-kulturnom tkivu grada, te opisuje funkcionalne i oblikovne odlike njene arhitekture. Najraniji slojevi danasnje palace Basiljevic-Gucetic upisani su u njenu prizemnu zonu. Arheoloskim istrazivanjima podno Buniceve poljane, koja je vodio J. Stosic 1984. i 1985. godine, otkriven je ostatak kasnoantickoga obrambenog zida. Njegova orijentacija i debljina od oko dva metra odgovaraju zidu prisutnom u prizemnoj razini palace, sto podupire teoriju Z. Pekovica i K. Babic o takozvanom katedralnom kastelu, gdje je obrambeni zid bio sastavnim dijelom fortifikacijskoga sustava. Stovise, zid se u prizemnoj zoni palace prekida upravo na mjestu gdje bi se njegov smjer spojio sa zidom jednake debljine koji se pruza od Knezeve kule ugradene u Knezev dvor, pa se tako moze pretpostaviti njegov tocan smjer i polozaj. To potvrduje i plan grada iz 1607./1608. godine koji, iako jasno prikazuje kako zida u to doba vise nema, ipak ukazuje na to da su zemljista i dalje pratila vlasnicke odnose. Da je dio koji je pripadao katedralnom kastelu ostao neizgraden, cita se ponajprije u izmaknutoj liniji istocnoga procelja, uvucenoj upravo na mjestu gdje je u tlocrtu prizemlja smjesten ostatak obrambenoga zida. Do sredine 17. stoljeca prostor danasnje Gunduliceve poljane bio je gusto naseljen. Ondje je dubrovacka plemicka obitelj Gucetica (Gozze) vec posjedovala nekoliko zemljista prije negoli je 1659. godine Marko Sorkocevic (Sorgo) prodao Vladislavu Guceticu i zemljiste s palacom pred ulazom u katedralu. No, u travnju 1667. godine Dubrovnik je pogoden razornim potresom i vecina je izgradnje pritom unistena. Kako bi grad dobio kvalitetne javne prostore, nakon potresa odluceno je da ce danasnja Gunduliceva poljana ostati neizgradena. Izvornom je zemljistu palace Basiljevic-Gucetic pritom omoguceno i pripajanje dijela javnoga prostora pred dvorom kako bi se stvorilo kontinuirano istocno procelje stambenoga bloka. Tako je stambeni blok na istocnoj strani Gunduliceve poljane dobio svoj danasnji tlocrtni oblik. U Dubrovnik je nakon potresa pridoslo mnostvo stranih arhitekata i graditelja koji su iz Italije donijeli jaka barokna i klasicisticka stilska stremljenja. To se manifestiralo i u izgradnji stambenih palaca i kuca, poglavito onih s proceljima na glavnim gradskim trgovima. Palaca Basiljevic-Gucetic u tom je razdoblju cinila veci dio stambenoga bloka sto svojim istocnim proceljem gleda na Knezev dvor. Omedena palacom Ranjina (Ragnina) sa sjeverne strane, a svojim jugozapadnim dijelom povezana s palacom Sorkocevic-Gucetic, cinila je veliku patricijsku kucu s ugradenim elementima prijasnjih razdoblja, od kojih se isticu krizni svodovi i kapiteli polustupova iz sjevernoga dijela palace, a gustijerna s pretpotresnom inacicom grba Gucetica podno nekadasnjega glavnog stubista na juznom dijelu palace. Stubiste u obliku slova L, kojeg bacvasti svod sadrzi rokoko stukaturne ornamente, vodi do reprezentativne etaze gdje je primaca dvorana (saloca) od njega odvojena zidom s dva otvora plitkih lukova. Umjesto zaglavnih kamenova, na tim su lukovima prisutni maskeroni u obliku grotesknih bradatih staraca, tipicni za talijanski manirizam. Crtez iz prve polovice 19. stoljeca salocu prikazuje kao jedinstvenu prostoriju, sto ukazuje kako je danasnja podjela toga dijela palace rezultat kasnijih pregradnji. Iz toga oslikanoga primaceg salona prelazilo se u pinakoteku, kojom je zapocinjao niz reprezentativnih prostorija orijentiranih prema Knezevu dvoru. Iz saloce se moglo uci i u blagovaonicu, kojom je pak zapocinjao niz gospodarskih prostorija sto su gledale na Gundulicevu poljanu. Mnoge od reprezentativnih prostorija sadrzavale su stuko elemente te oslikane zidove i stropove, a to je u velikoj mjeri ocuvano i do danas. Zbog svoga bogatog oblikovanja i uredenja palaca je 1818. godine posluzila za smjestaj caru Franji I. i njegovoj supruzi tijekom posjeta Dubrovniku. Tomu je svjedocila i ploca postavljena iste godine na istocno procelje. U to je vrijeme vlasnik palace bio Pavao Basiljevic-Gucetic, koji je sest godina ranije ozenio francusku plemkinju Anicu Calogan de Valois i pritom opremio palacu najmodernijim pariskim namjestajem. Pavao je rodonacelnik loze Basiljevic-Gucetic, pridodavsi 1806. godine majcino prezime ocevu kako bi mogao prihvatiti nasljedstvo posljednjega Basiljevica. Nakon 1853. godine, kada palacu nasljeduje njihov sin Baldo, palaca je okomito podijeljena na dvije kuce. Sjeverna je kuca prodana Lucijanu Pucicu (Pozze) i danas je poznata kao palaca Bassegli-Gozze-Katic te je pojedinacno zasticeno kulturno dobro. Juzni je dio palace nakon podjele dobio svoje prepoznatljivo neoklasicisticko istocno procelje, na kojem se nasao i kameni grb obitelji Basiljevic-Gucetic te karakteristicni otvori loggie na drugom katu. A 1902. i 1903. godine izradeni su i planovi uredenja procelja prema Bunicevoj poljani, koje sadrzi glavni ulazni portal u palacu. Procelje prema Gundulicevoj poljani zadrzalo je do danas svoje izvorne oblikovne znacajke, uz manje zahvate ujednacavanja prozorskih okvira. Palaca je u vlasnistvu obitelji Basiljevic-Gucetic ostala sve do polovice 20. stoljeca, kada je njen vlasnik bio Vito Basiljevic-Gucetic, a od 1937. godine i Vlaho Basiljevic-Gucetic. Vitino vlasnistvo na drugome katu palace 1959. godine nasljeduje njegova pokcerka Linda, koja ga je poslije donirala sestrama Druzbe Kceri milosrda s Korcule. Godine 1981. stan je na reprezentativnoj etazi kupila Anka Cicovacki, koje potomci i danas ondje zive te se aktivno zalazu za zastitu i obnovu palace, kao i za afirmaciju njene uloge u razvoju toga dijela gradskoga tkiva povijesne jezgre Dubrovnika.

Family history arouses the detective in us as we all attempt to understand the lives of our ancestors and the period of history through which they lived. In recent years, there have been many new developments that have made this quest even more exciting and rewarding. The most significant change is the amount of information that can be accessed online. In the past, accessing key Irish records necessitated travelling to archives, libraries and heritage centres across the country and searching through often complex historical collections. Now, researchers have many of these records at their fingertips. The 1901 and 1911 Irish censuses have been made available online for the first time, along with millions of historic Irish births, deaths and marriage records. These developments have changed the way family historian carry out research. Ian Maxwell explains not only how to get the most of online resources, but also how to make good use out of church records, school records, school registers, workhouse collections and a wealth of other material that can be found in Irish archival institutions. Whether Brexit has you searching for long lost Irish relatives or if you're simply interested to learn more about your family's past, this informative handbook, now in its third edition, is the only book you need.

Abstract Disclosure: R. Halperin: None. G. Reznick-Levi: None. A. Khalaileh: None. R. Svirsky-Frayden: None. O. Reish: None. K. Weiss: None. A. Tirosh: None. Approximately 30% of patients with pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGLs) have a genetic predisposition due to a germline pathogenic variant (PV) in a susceptibility gene. We aimed to assess the prevalence of PPGL-related hereditary syndromes based on a multi-center national-level study, and to identify risk factors for hereditary PPGL based on clinical and biochemical data. Methods This is a retrospective study of patients with a personal history of PPGL. All patients underwent germline DNA sequencing (whole exome or panel sequencing). Demographic, clinical, biochemical, and genetic data were gathered. Results Of a total of 225 patients, 90 were evaluated for personal history of PPGL and 135 for family history. Overall, 76 patients (33.8%) carried a likely\\PV in a PPGL-related gene, including 43 of the 135 patients with family history (31.8%); 30 with SDHB (three different PVs), eight with SDHD (two variants) and five with VHL (three variants). We found higher risk for positive genetic testing in patients with family history of PPGL among patients of Arab ancestry: 46 patients (60.5%) from 6 kindreds, carried SDHB PV (n=38), VHL PV (n=7) and SDHC (n=1), compared with 22.4% (n=17) among Jewish patients and 17.1% (n=13) among patients of Druze ancestry. Ninety patients with personal history of PPGL underwent genetic evaluation (median age at diagnosis 47 [7-73], 35.6% males), of them 29 (33.7%) had a family history of PPGL. Forty-one patients had pheochromocytoma, 45 had paraganglioma, and four had both. Thirty-four patients (37.8%) carried a PPGL susceptibility gene PV, most often in SHDB (14 patients, 41.1%), followed by SDHD (n=9, 25.7%), VHL (n=6, 17.6%), NF1 (n=2, 5.9%), SDHC, SDHAF2, and RET (one patient each, 2.9%). Age at diagnosis was significantly younger in the PV-carriers vs. non-carriers (31.63±2.71 vs. 50.48±2.41, p < 0.00001). All 17 carriers with elevated plasma/urine catecholamines had purely elevated normetanephrine (NMN) levels (52.2% vs 10.0% pure normetanephrine secretion in hereditary vs. sporadic PPGL, respectively, p=0.002). NMN-only secretion was associated with a younger age at diagnosis vs. other secretion profiles (36.1±3.7 vs. 48.85±3.1 years, p=0.0006). Twelve patients (13.3%) had aggressive tumor behavior (recurrence\\metastases), with a significantly higher rate of PV compared with patients with the non-aggressive disease (n=8 [66.7%] vs. n=10 [27.0%], respectively, p = 0.01). Discussion Among patients with family history of PPGL, those from Arab ancestry had higher risk for positive testing for hereditary syndrome. Presentation: Sunday, July 13, 2025

\"Since the early 2000s, genealogy has become a lucrative business, an accelerating online industry, a massive data mining project, and fodder for reality television. But the fact remains that our contemporary fascination with family history cannot be understood independently of the powerful technological tools that aid and abet in the search for traces of blood, belonging, and difference. In The Genealogical Sublime, Julia Creet traces the histories of the largest, longest-running, most lucrative, and most rapidly growing genealogical databases to delineate a broader history of the industry. As each unique case study reveals, new database and DNA technologies enable an obsessive completeness-the desire to gather all of the world's genealogical records in the interests of life beyond death. Archival research and firsthand interviews with Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints officials, key industry players (including Ancestry.com founders and FamilySearch executives), and professional and amateur family historians round out this timely and essential study.\"-- Provided by publisher.

The main focus of this thesis is a branching particle system with selection, called the N-particle branching random walk (N-BRW), which was first proposed by Brunet and Derrida. The N-BRW is a discrete time stochastic process, which can be viewed as a toy model of an evolving population affected by natural selection. In the N-BRW we have N particles located on the real line at all times. At each time step, each of the N particles has two offspring, which have a random displacement from the location of their parent according to some fixed jump distribution. Then among the 2N offspring particles, only the N rightmost particles survive to form the next generation. The most interesting questions about the N-BRW concern the following properties. First, the speed at which the particle cloud is moving to the right on the real line; second, the shape of the particle cloud; and finally the genealogy or family tree structure of the population. The study of the N-BRW and related branching particle systems with selection has been of great interest in recent years. Existing results and conjectures show that the long-term behaviour of the N-BRW heavily depends on the jump distribution. For the N-BRW with 'light-tailed' (roughly means exponentially decaying tails) jump distribution, Brunet and Derrida made conjectures about the behaviours of the speed and shape of the particle cloud, and about the genealogies of the population of particles. These conjectures inspired several mathematical results in this area; for example, Bérard and Gouéré proved the conjecture concerning the speed of the particle cloud. For the N-BRW with 'heavy-tailed' (meaning polynomially decaying tails) jump distribution, Bérard and Maillard described the behaviour of the speed and made predictions about the genealogies and spatial distribution of the population. These results and conjectures all showed substantially different behaviour from those in the case when the jump distribution is 'light-tailed'. The first main result of this thesis proves the conjectures of Bérard and Maillard about the 'heavy-tailed' case of the N-BRW. We prove that at a typical large time the genealogy of the population is given by a star-shaped coalescent, and that almost the whole population is near the leftmost particle on the relevant space scale. Furthermore, motivated by the fact that in the 'light-tailed' and 'heavy-tailed' cases the N-BRW shows very different behaviour, we studied an intermediate case, where the jump distribution has stretched exponential tails. The second main result of this thesis describes the behaviour of the speed of the particle cloud in the stretched exponential case, filling a gap between the 'light-tailed' and 'heavy-tailed' regimes. Our third result is on the genealogy of the N-BRW when the jump distribution has stretched exponential tails. We give a summary on the proof of this result rather than a full proof. We also mention some of the remaining open questions about the genealogies in this case, which we intend to study in the future.

In our family tree there are branches where people swing...