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"Goat"
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The anatomy of the triceps brachii muscle revisited, with new insights into the proximal radial nerve distribution in the goat
The aims of this study were to reexamine the anatomy of the triceps brachii muscle, with particular emphasis on its accessory head(s), and to demonstrate the branching patterns of the radial nerve to the caudal brachial muscles and the brachialis muscle in the goat. Twenty forelimbs from 10 adult domestic goats (8 females and 2 males) were dissected. In all specimens, a previously undescribed humeral attachment site of the long head of the triceps brachii was observed via a narrow, transparent aponeurosis just proximal to the teres major tuberosity. The accessory head originated through fleshy fibers as a continuation of the proximal origin of the medial head from the caudomedial aspect of the humeral neck, while the medial head arose via an aponeurosis from the medial surface of the middle third of the humerus. Several variations in the triceps brachii heads were also noted. At the flexor surface of the shoulder joint, the radial nerve gave off a bundle of muscular branches to the elbow extensor muscles. Except for the branches to the long head and tensor fasciae antebrachii, the primary branches to the lateral head and anconeus, together with the continuation of the radial nerve, passed laterally between the medial and accessory heads. The medial and accessory heads received most of their innervation through several secondary branches (up to four) originating from the primary branches to the lateral head and anconeus. Additionally, in 8 (40%) of the 20 antimeres, a fine single branch arose bilaterally from the radial nerve to the distal brachialis muscle. This study provides a foundation for further biomedical and evolutionary investigations.
Journal Article
Raising goats naturally : the complete guide to milk, meat, and more
\"Incorporating dairy goats into a diversified homestead can be key to greater self-sufficiency. Responding to questions and concerns from readers from all over North America and beyond, this fully revised and expanded edition will help readers raise goats to produce milk, cheese, meat, and more, without relying on drugs or the factory farm model.\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Willow from Goats
Willow (Salix spp.) trees, found worldwide, contain secondary metabolites that are valuable as dietary supplements for animal feed and as antiparasitic compounds. We quantified secondary metabolites (phenolics, flavonoids, and salicylic acid) in ethanolic extracts from leaves and branches of three Salix acmophylla Boiss. genotypes and investigated their potential to inhibit Eimeria sp. sporulation, a major concern in ruminants. The total phenolic content of willow leaves and branches was similar in two of three different genotypes. The total flavonoid content of the branches was significantly higher than that of leaves of the same genotype; however, the salicylic acid content was significantly higher in leaves than in branches. Importantly, all extracts exhibited significant inhibition of Eimeria sporulation, where over 70% inhibition was obtained at concentrations as low as 750 mgL[sup.−1]. The sporulation inhibition by branch or leaf extracts exceeded 80% for leaves and 90% for branches at concentrations above 1250 mgL[sup.−1]. The study highlights the potential of using Salix extracts as bioactive compounds for biological control of coccidiosis in ruminants. We conclude that all parts and all investigated genotypes of S. acmophylla can provide secondary metabolites that act as a coccidiostat to treat Eimeria in goats.
Journal Article
Pygmy goat
Explains why pygmy goats are unusual pets, but they are smart, social, and fun to own.
Book
Attitudes and Beliefs as Predictors of Psi Effects in a Pseudo-Gambling Task/ Actitudes y Creencias como Predictores de Efectos Psi en una Tarea de Pseudo-Juego/ Attitudes et croyances en tant que predicteurs d'effets psi dans une pseudo-tache de jeu de hasard/ Einstellungen und Uberzeugungen als Pradiktoren fur Psi-Effekte in einer Pseudo Glucksspielaufgabe
Believers in psi (sheep) will use psi to hit a target, but as far as non-believers (goats) are concerned, the conventional understanding is that they will inadvertently use psi to avoid the target. In other words, goats do not tend to psi hit; they tend only to score at chance or occasionally psi miss, and since the sheep-goat effect is sufficiently demonstrated when sheep score significantly higher than goats, little thought is given to the fact that goats are never specifically asked to psi miss. The present study looks at the sheep-goat effect in the context of compliance (from sheep) and noncompliance (from goats). The psi task is five trials at guessing the Ace of Spades playing card while avoiding Ace of Clubs. We administered tests of paranormal belief, belief in luck, and attitudes towards gambling to determine correlates of psi performance. All the gambling attitude scales inter-correlated significantly as did most luck scales. For the whole sample (N = 120), effect sizes were at chance for spade-hitting and club-hitting as was the case for sheep and goats. Sheep and goats did not score differently from each other on either psi measure, and none of the scales correlated significantly with the two psi measures. The spade-hitting/ club-hitting correlation was negative and significant thus replicating the effect reported by Storm and Thalbourne (2005b). This correlation suggests that if participants successfully targeted Ace of Spades they tended to avoid Ace of Clubs (and vice versa), but more is implied--participants could still avoid noncompliance (if they were sheep) or compliance (if they were goats) by displacing to King cards. Also, belief in psi and luck, and attitudes toward gambling (whether positive or negative) do not appear to influence gambling success.
Journal Article
Goat : cooking and eating
\"Utterly delicious cooked fast and lean, or slow-cooked in curries, stews, braises and roasts, from kebabs to stir-fries, goat is a healthy and sustainable meat. But why has traditional Western cooking neglected this wonderful ingredient for so long? And why we should be eating more of it? Featuring more than 90 dishes by Cabrito founder James Whetlor, plus a foreword by Hugh Fearnley-Whittingstall, and guest recipes from world-renowned chefs including Yotam Ottolenghi, Neil Rankin, Gill Meller and Jeremy Lee, Goat is both ground-breaking and fascinating. Essential reading for anyone with even a passing interest in food and the way we eat today, and set to be the definitive guide on the subject for years to come, Goat is a genre-defining book\"--Back cover.
Book
Artisanal Goat ICoalho/I Cheese with Cachaça as Flavoring Agent
Cachaça is a traditional Brazilian drink that has the potential to offer a new sensory and technological strategy for artisanal cheesemaking, particularly for small-scale producers and family farming. This study aimed to investigate the effects of cachaça immersion on the physicochemical, microbiological, color, texture, and sensory parameters of artisanal goat coalho cheeses using three different varieties of cachaça immersion. The results showed that cachaça immersion did not affect the cheese's proximate composition or starter culture viability, indicating its suitability as a new method for artisanal cheese production. Additionally, gold cachaça aged in oak casks was the most effective variety for sensory acceptance and purchase intention, suggesting that it may be a valuable strategy for small-scale producers to add value and encourage the consumption of artisanal goat coalho cheeses without compromising their quality. Thus, this study provides important insights for small-scale producers and family farming to enhance their product offerings and increase their competitiveness in the market.
Journal Article
Phenotypic characteristic of Doe Senduro Goat in Senduro Sub District, Lumajang Regency
The purpose of this study was to evaluate phenotypic characteristic of Doe Senduro Goat in Senduro Sub District, Lumajang Regency. The material was 122 doe Senduro goat which consist of 8-12 months, > 12 - 18 months, > 18 - 24 months, and > 24 months. The method used in this research was a survey which consisting of observation and direct measurement in the field for Length of Body (LB), Height at Withers (HW), Chest Girth (CG) and Length of Ear (LE). Doe Senduro goat has white colour in the whole body, long ears and convex face profile. LB of doe Senduro goat base on the age 8-12 months, > 12 - 18 months, > 18 - 24 months, and > 24 months were 68.0±3.8 cm, 76.0±6.2 cm, 80.0±2.2 cm, 82.5±5.3 cm respectively. While, HW was 74.4±4.5 cm, 76±7.2 cm, 77±5.4 cm, 78±4.0cm respectively. CG was 79.2±2.2 cm, 79.4±5.4 cm, 84.2±7.2 cm, 87.2±4.2 cm and for LE was 31.4±1.2 cm, 32.1±3.2 cm, 34.2±2 cm, 35.2±3.0 cm respectively.
Journal Article