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Inorganic chemistry for dummies
Inorganic chemistry can be an intimidating subject, but this guide makes it a little less daunting. The authors help you make sense of some of the most difficult concepts, and give you a thorough understanding of key theories and concepts.
Book
Beyond ferryl-mediated hydroxylation: 40 years of the rebound mechanism and C–H activation
Since our initial report in 1976, the oxygen rebound mechanism has become the consensus mechanistic feature for an expanding variety of enzymatic C–H functionalization reactions and small molecule biomimetic catalysts. For both the biotransformations and models, an initial hydrogen atom abstraction from the substrate (R–H) by high-valent iron-oxo species (Fen=O) generates a substrate radical and a reduced iron hydroxide, [Fen−1–OH ·R]. This caged radical pair then evolves on a complicated energy landscape through a number of reaction pathways, such as oxygen rebound to form R–OH, rebound to a non-oxygen atom affording R–X, electron transfer of the incipient radical to yield a carbocation, R+, desaturation to form olefins, and radical cage escape. These various flavors of the rebound process, often in competition with each other, give rise to the wide range of C–H functionalization reactions performed by iron-containing oxygenases. In this review, we first recount the history of radical rebound mechanisms, their general features, and key intermediates involved. We will discuss in detail the factors that affect the behavior of the initial caged radical pair and the lifetimes of the incipient substrate radicals. Several representative examples of enzymatic C–H transformations are selected to illustrate how the behaviors of the radical pair [Fen−1–OH ·R] determine the eventual reaction outcome. Finally, we discuss the powerful potential of “radical rebound” processes as a general paradigm for developing novel C–H functionalization reactions with synthetic, biomimetic catalysts. We envision that new chemistry will continue to arise by bridging enzymatic “radical rebound” with synthetic organic chemistry.
Journal Article
Biomedical Applications of Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles: A Review
Metal nanoparticles are widely applied in various biomedical applications because of their unique physicochemical properties. The new and unique properties of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) including, biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, and optical properties, make them valuable for applications of biomedical fields including, biosensing, bioimaging, cancer therapy of cancer, and drug delivery. Utilization of AuNPs in radiotherapy and photothermal therapy has created a novel platform for primary diagnosis and cancer therapy. Owing to AuNPs' large surface area, chemical functional groups or biological molecules like drug molecules can be immobilized on gold surface. Thus, the surface functionalization of AuNPs makes them a good carrier for targeted drug delivery. This review focuses on new progress in processes of the functionalization of AuNPs and their possible biomedical applications.
Journal Article
Molecules that amaze us
\"The world is composed of molecules. Some are synthetic while many others are products of nature. Molecules That Amaze Us presents the stories behind many of the most famous and infamous molecules that make up our modern world. Examples include the molecule responsible for the spicy heat in chilies (capsaicin), the world's first synthetic painkiller (aspirin), the pigment responsible for the color of autumn leaves (carotene), the explosive in dynamite (nitroglycerine), the antimalarial drug (quinine), the drug known as \"speed\" (methamphetamine), and many others. Other molecules discussed include caffeine, adrenaline, cholesterol, cocaine, digitalis, dopamine, glucose, insulin, methane, nicotine, oxytocin, penicillin, carbon dioxide, limonene, and testosterone. In all, the book includes 67 sections, each describing a different molecule, what it does, how it is made, and why it is so interesting.Written by experts in the field, the book is accessible and easy to read. It includes amusing anecdotes, historical curiosities, and entertaining facts about each molecule, thereby balancing educational content with entertainment. The book is heavily illustrated with relevant photographs, images, and cartoons--the aim being both to educate and entertain. \"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Terminology of metal–organic frameworks and coordination polymers (IUPAC Recommendations 2013)
A set of terms, definitions, and recommendations is provided for use in the
classification of coordination polymers, networks, and metal–organic frameworks
(MOFs). A hierarchical terminology is recommended in which the most general term
is coordination polymer. Coordination networks are a subset of coordination
polymers and MOFs a further subset of coordination networks. One of the criteria
an MOF needs to fulfill is that it contains potential voids, but no physical
measurements of porosity or other properties are demanded per se. The use of
topology and topology descriptors to enhance the description of crystal
structures of MOFs and 3D-coordination polymers is furthermore strongly
recommended.
Journal Article
Essentials of Inorganic Materials Synthesis
This compact handbook describes all the important methods of synthesis employed today for synthesizing inorganic materials. Some features:
* Focuses on modern inorganic materials with applications in nanotechnology, energy materials, and sustainability
* Synthesis is a crucial component of materials science and technology; this book provides a simple introduction as well as an updated description of methods
* Written in a very simple style, providing references to the literatureto get details of the methods of preparation when required
eBook
Gold Nanoparticles: Synthesis Methods, Functionalization and Biological Applications
Nanotechnology has vast applications in medicine and biomedical engineering like tissue engineering, diagnosis, and therapy. Nowadays incorporation of functionalized nanostructures in various biomedical applications has generated considerable research interest. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are one of the most stable metal nanoparticles with unique physicochemical properties and are reflected as a promising candidate for widespread biological applications. Among different synthesis methods, biological synthesis methods are advantageous as it reduces the need for toxic chemicals for reduction purpose. Surface functionalization provides colloidal stability to gold nanoparticles which are achieved by using various materials. This review mainly focuses on the biological applications of AuNPs such as bioimaging, biosensing, anticancer therapy, drug delivery, hyperthermia, and antimicrobial activity. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) related optical properties are used for biosensing and bioimaging applications for diagnosis to detect pathogens as well as biomarkers. Biomolecules and drug functionalized AuNPs are effectively used to treat various cancer and other diseases. Thus, the study of gold nanoparticles opens a new percept in the biological field for varieties of applications.
Journal Article