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"Inorganic Compounds"
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Synthesis, properties and mineralogy of important inorganic materials
Intended as a textbook for courses involving preparative solid-state chemistry, this book offers clear and detailed descriptions on how to prepare a selection of inorganic materials that exhibit important optical, magnetic and electrical properties, on a laboratory scale. The text covers a wide range of preparative methods and can be read as separate, independent chapters or as a unified coherent body of work. Discussions of various chemical systems reveal how the properties of a material can often be influenced by modifications to the preparative procedure, and vice versa. References to mineralogy are made throughout the book since knowledge of naturally occurring inorganic substances is helpful in devising many of the syntheses and in characterizing the product materials.
A set of questions at the end of each chapter helps to connect theory with practice, and an accompanying solutions manual is available to instructors. This book is also of appeal to postgraduate students, post-doctoral researchers and those working in industry requiring knowledge of solid-state synthesis.
eBook
Bismuth oxyhalides
This reference text covers the recent developments in the synthesis of BiOX and their applications in the production of energy and the purification of wastewater. The book begins with an overview of bismuth as well as bismuth oxyhalides and the fabrication process. It then reviews the state-of-the-art improvements in bismuth oxyhalides including elemental doping, surface modification and many others. Photocatalytic applications of bismuth oxyhalides along with their experimental and theoretical studies are discussed. The book also explores bismuth oxyhalides for wastewater treatment, reduction of carbon dioxide, and nitrogen fixation and finally, the various issues and potential solutions that could help with the development of effective photocatalytic bismuth oxyhalides.
eBook
Essentials of inorganic materials synthesis
This compact handbook describes all the important methods of synthesis employed today for synthesizing inorganic materials. Some features:
* Focuses on modern inorganic materials with applications in nanotechnology, energy materials, and sustainability
* Synthesis is a crucial component of materials science and technology; this book provides a simple introduction as well as an updated description of methods
* Written in a very simple style, providing references to the literatureto get details of the methods of preparation when required
eBook
Site- and alignment-controlled growth of graphene nanoribbons from nickel nanobars
Graphene nanoribbons combine the unique electronic and spin properties of graphene
1
,
2
with a transport gap that arises from quantum confinement and edge effects
3
,
4
,
5
,
6
. This makes them an attractive candidate material for the channels of next-generation transistors. Nanoribbons can be made in a variety of ways, including lithographic
7
,
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,
9
, chemical
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,
11
,
12
and sonochemical
6
approaches, the unzipping of carbon nanotubes
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,
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,
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,
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,
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, the thermal decomposition of SiC
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and organic synthesis
19
. However, the reliable site and alignment control of nanoribbons with high on/off current ratios
20
remains a challenge. Here we control the site and alignment of narrow (∼23 nm) graphene nanoribbons by directly converting a nickel nanobar into a graphene nanoribbon using rapid-heating plasma chemical vapour deposition. The nanoribbons grow directly between the source and drain electrodes of a field-effect transistor without transfer, lithography and other postgrowth treatments, and exhibit a clear transport gap (58.5 meV), a high on/off ratio (>10
4
) and no hysteresis. Complex architectures, including parallel and radial arrays of supported and suspended ribbons, are demonstrated. The process is scalable and completely compatible with existing semiconductor processes, and is expected to allow integration of graphene nanoribbons with silicon technology.
Graphene nanoribbons with a clear transport gap and high on/off ratio are grown directly into complex architectures using plasma chemical vapour deposition onto lithographically defined nickel nanobar substrates.
Journal Article
Importance of ICPMS for speciation analysis is changing: future trends for targeted and non-targeted element speciation analysis
This article is aimed at researchers interested in organic molecules which contain a heteroatom but who have never considered using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) or who have used ICPMS for years and developed numerous methods for analysis of target elemental species. We try to illustrate (1) that ICPMS has been very useful for speciation analysis of metal(loid) target species and that there is now a trend to replace the costly detector with cheaper detection systems for routine target analysis, and (2) that ICPMS has been used and will be used even more in the future for non-targeted analysis of elements which are not normally associated with ICPMS analysis, such as non-metals such as sulfur, phosphorus, chlorine and fluorine.
Journal Article
In Vivo Risk Evaluation of Carbon-Coated Iron Carbide Nanoparticles Based on Short- and Long-Term Exposure Scenarios
While carbon-encapsulated iron carbide nanoparticles exhibit strong magnetic properties appealing for biomedical applications, potential side effects of such materials remain comparatively poorly understood. Here, we assess the effects of iron-based nanoparticles in an in vivo long-term study in mice with observation windows between 1 week and 1 year.
Functionalized (PEG or IgG) carbon-encapsulated platinum-spiked iron carbide nanoparticles were injected intravenously in mice (single or repeated dose administration).
One week after administration, magnetic nanoparticles were predominantly localized in organs of the reticuloendothelial system, particularly the lung and liver. After 1 year, particles were still present in these organs, however, without any evident tissue alterations, such as inflammation, fibrosis, necrosis or carcinogenesis. Importantly, reticuloendothelial system organs presented with normal function.
This long-term exposure study shows high in vivo compatibility of intravenously applied carbon-encapsulated iron nanoparticles suggesting continuing investigations on such materials for biomedical applications.
Journal Article
Biocompatibility between Silicon or Silicon Carbide surface and Neural Stem Cells
Silicon has been widely used as a material for microelectronic for more than 60 years, attracting considerable scientific interest as a promising tool for the manufacture of implantable medical devices in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the use of such material involves responsibilities due to its toxicity, and researchers are pushing towards the generation of new classes of composite semiconductors, including the Silicon Carbide (3C-SiC). In the present work, we tested the biocompatibility of Silicon and 3C-SiC using an
in vitro
model of human neuronal stem cells derived from dental pulp (DP-NSCs) and mouse Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (OECs), a particular glial cell type showing stem cell characteristics. Specifically, we investigated the effects of 3C-SiC on neural cell morphology, viability and mitochondrial membrane potential. Data showed that both DP-NSCs and OECs, cultured on 3C-SiC, did not undergo consistent oxidative stress events and did not exhibit morphological modifications or adverse reactions in mitochondrial membrane potential. Our findings highlight the possibility to use Neural Stem Cells plated on 3C-SiC substrate as clinical tool for lesioned neural areas, paving the way for future perspectives in novel cell therapies for neuro-degenerated patients.
Journal Article