Explore the vast range of titles available.

Weight-length relations of fishes are useful for estimation of biomass from length observations, e.g., in fisheries or conservation research. Here we provide some guidance to authors of such papers, in order to facilitate the publication and review process

Polymorphisms in the mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma (POLG) have been speculated to be associated with male infertility. The main objective of our study was to assess the possible association of CAG repeat polymorphism in POLG1 gene and male infertility in Algerian population. Genomic DNA from 89 infertile men and 84 controls was extracted using salting-out method . CAG repeat polymorphism was analyzed by the automated direct sequencing protocol. Statistical analysis was performed by Epi-info® (v6.0) software. A significant association with male infertility was found for CAG repeat polymorphism in heterozygous genotypes (10/ ≠ 10 vs 10/10: OR = 2.00 [0.99 - 4.05], p = 0.03; \"infertile vs control groups\"; 10/≠10 vs 10/10: OR = 3.75 [1.20-11.96], p=0.01 \"oligoasthenoteratospermic group\"). Also, the results showed a significant association between the morbid allele (≠10) and male infertility (2.07 [01.07 - 04.02], p = 0.01). Our results showed that POLG1 CAG repeat polymorphism might be a risk factor for male infertility in Algerian population. Investigations with larger sample sizes and representative population-based cases and matched controls are needed to validate our results.(Afr J Reprod Health 2021; 25[1]: 67-75). Les polymorphismes de l'ADN polymérase gamma mitochondriale (POLG) ont été supposés être associés à l'infertilité masculine. L'objectif principal de notre étude était d'évaluer l'association possible du polymorphisme de répétition CAG dans le gène POLG1 et l'infertilité masculine dans la population algérienne. L'ADN génomique de 89 hommes stériles et 84 témoins a été extrait en utilisant la méthode de salting-out. Le polymorphisme de répétition CAG a été analysé par le protocole de séquençage direct automatisé. L'analyse statistique a été réalisée par le logiciel Epi-info® (v6.0). Une association significative avec l'infertilité masculine a été trouvée pour le polymorphisme de répétition CAG dans les génotypes hétérozygotes (10 / ≠ 10 vs 10/10: OR = 2,00 [0,99 -4,05], p = 0,03; «infertiles vs groupes témoins»; 10 / ≠ 10 vs 10/10: OR = 3,75 [1,20-11,96], p = 0,01 «groupe oligoasthénotératospermique»). De plus, les résultats ont montré une association significative entre l'allèle morbide (≠ 10) et l'infertilité masculine (2,07 [1.07-4.02], p = 0.01). Nos résultats ont montré que le polymorphisme répété de POLG1 CAG pourrait être un facteur de risque d'infertilité masculine dans la population algérienne. Des enquêtes avec des échantillons de plus grande taille et des cas représentatifs basés sur la population et des témois appariés sont nécessaires pour valider nos résultats.(Afr J Reprod Health 2021; 25[1]: 67-75).

Global biogeochemical models have improved dramatically in the last decade in their representation of the biosphere. Although leaf area data are an important input to such models and are readily available globally, global root distributions for modeling water and nutrient uptake and carbon cycling have not been available. This analysis provides global distributions for fine root biomass, length, and surface area with depth in the soil, and global estimates of nutrient pools in fine roots. Calculated root surface area is almost always greater than leaf area, more than an order of magnitude so in grasslands. The average C:N:P ratio in living fine roots is 450:11:1, and global fine root carbon is more than 5% of all carbon contained in the atmosphere. Assuming conservatively that fine roots turn over once per year, they represent 33% of global annual net primary productivity.

For 76 annual, biennial, and perennial species common in the grasslands of central Minnesota, USA, we determined the patterns of correlations among seven organ-level traits (specific leaf area, leaf thickness, leaf tissue density, leaf angle, specific root length, average fine root diameter, and fine root tissue density) and their relationships with two traits relating to growth form (whether species existed for part of the growing season in basal, non-caulescent form and whether species were rhizomatous or not). The first correlation of traits showed that grasses had thin, dense leaves and thin roots while forbs had thick, low-density leaves and thick roots without any significant differences in growth form or life history. The second correlation of traits showed a gradient of species from those with high-density roots and high-density erect leaves to species with low-density roots and low-density leaves that were held parallel to the ground. High tissue density species were more likely to exist as a basal rosette for part of the season, were less likely to be rhizomatous, and less likely to be annuals. We examined the relationships between the two axes that represent the correlations of traits and previously collected data on the relative abundance of species across gradients of nitrogen addition and disturbance. Grasses were generally more abundant than forbs and the relative abundance of grasses and forbs did not change with increasing nitrogen addition or soil disturbance. High tissue density species became less common as fertility and disturbance increased.

Cleft grafting methods were applied in order to evaluate the effect of grafting on tomato fruit yield and quality. The tomato cultivars used as scions were Yeni Talya, Swanson and Beri. The cultivars Beaufort and Arnold were used as rootstocks. The following characteristics of grafted and nongrafted plants were recorded: fruit index, number of fruits/truss, fruit weight, fruit yield, dry matter, pH, concentration of soluble solids, titratable acidity, concentrations of total sugar, lycopene and vitamin C. The results showed that fruit yield and fruit index, number of fruits/truss and fruit weights were improved by grafting. Fruit quality, measured in terms of concentrations of dry matter, soluble solids, total sugar, and vitamin C, was lower in grafted plants than in nongrafted ones. No significant difference in lycopene level and pH was found. Titratable acidity was improved by grafting. A positive effect of grafting was recorded when Beaufort was used as rootstock. These results showed that grafting could be an advantageous alternative in tomato production.

Abstract Length-weight relationships of various shrimp species were examined based on data from bottom trawl surveys from May 2014 to April 2015 in the East China Sea. A total of 2335 individuals belonging to Penaeidae and Solenoceridae were measured and weighed. Significant length-weight relationships were found for all species. The b-values of the length-weight relationships ranged from 2.0855 (Trachysalambria curvirostris) to 3.4808 (Metapenaeopsis barbata) with a mean value of 3.10 (±0.05). The differences in b-values between sexes and seasons were also examined. Whenever possible, b-values were compared for the species obtained both in this study and some of the species previously reported in other studies. Differences in the b-values for the same species in different areas suggest the influence of differences in environmental or habitat factors, including temperature and depth.

Wireless Communications Systems Design provides the basic knowledge and methodology for wireless communications design. The book mainly focuses on a broadband wireless communication system based on OFDM/OFDMA system because it is widely used in the modern wireless communication system. It is divided into three parts: wireless communication theory (part I), wireless communication block design (part II), and wireless communication block integration (part III). Written by an expert with various experience in system design (standards, research and development)