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164 result(s) for "Lehramtsstudent"
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Situation-specific skills in classroom management of pre-service teachers. Linking with professional knowledge, self-efficacy, and student-rated classroom management quality
Research suggests that teacher competence, such as professional knowledge, affective-motivational characteristics, and situation-specific skills, are prerequisites for effective teaching. However, few studies have examined the entire theoretically derived relationships in the context of classroom management. This study investigated the relationship between professional knowledge, self-efficacy, situation-specific skills, and instructional quality in the context of classroom management. We surveyed 1,321 students from 82 pre-service teachers in their long-term internship. Contrary to expectations, results from multilevel regression analyses indicated that only classroom management knowledge predicted student rated rule clarity. Situation-specific skills measured with rating items showed unexpected negative associations with student ratings of monitoring and managing momentum. No further significant relationships were found. The findings underline the challenge of translating competence into effective classroom practice and call for further research on contextual influences. (DIPF/Orig.) Die Forschung legt nahe, dass Lehrkräftekompetenzen wie professionelles Wissen, affektiv-motivationale Merkmale und situationsspezifische Fähigkeiten Voraussetzungen für einen effektiven Unterricht sind. Allerdings haben erst wenige Studien systematisch alle theoretisch angenommenen Zusammenhänge im Kontext der Klassenführung untersucht. Aus diesem Grund wurde in der vorliegenden Studie der Zusammenhang zwischen professionellem Wissen, Selbstwirksamkeit, situationsspezifischen Fähigkeiten sowie der schüler*inneneingeschätzten Unterrichtsqualität im Kontext von Klassenführung erforscht. Dafür wurden 1321 Schüler*innen von 82 Lehramtsstudierenden im Rahmen eines Langzeitpraktikums befragt. Entgegen den Erwartungen zeigten die Ergebnisse der Mehrebenenregressionsanalysen, dass nur das Wissen über Klassenführung der Lehramtsstudierenden die von Schüler*innen eingeschätzten Regelklarheit vorhersagen konnten. Situationsspezifische Fähigkeiten, gemessen über Ratingitems, zeigten unerwartete negative Zusammenhänge mit den Klassenführungsfacetten Monitoring und Strukturierung. Weitere signifikante Zusammenhänge wurden nicht gefunden. Die Befunde unterstreichen die Herausforderung, professionelles Wissen und Wahrnehmung in wirksames Unterrichtshandeln zu übersetzen und verdeutlichen den Bedarf an weiterer Forschung zu kontextuellen Einflussfaktoren. (DIPF/Orig.)
Perceived ICT-related learning opportunities during teacher education and pre-service teachers' perceptions of outcomes of the use of ICT for teaching and learning and their uncertainty tolerance regarding the in-classroom use of ICT
We examined perceptions of ICT-related learning opportunities during teacher education, perceived outcomes of the use of ICT for teaching and learning and uncertainty tolerance regarding the in-classroom use of ICT in a sample of 131 pre-service teachers. Results from two-step cluster analyses identified two groups based on participants’ perceptions of ICT-related learning opportunities: Participants in cluster 1 overall reported higher values for most indicators than participants in cluster 2. Participants’ perceptions of outcomes of the use of ICT for teaching and learning and their domain-specific uncertainty tolerance did not vary significantly between clusters. In the total sample, there was a significant positive correlation between participants’ perceptions of positive outcomes of the use of ICT for teaching and learning and their uncertainty tolerance and significant negative associations between perceived negative outcomes of the use of ICT for teaching and learning and perceived positive outcomes and their uncertainty tolerance. Significant and similarly directed associations were found in cluster 1 but not in cluster 2. Correlations between perceived positive and negative outcomes of the use of ICT for teaching and learning and between perceived negative outcomes of the use of ICT for teaching and learning and participants’ uncertainty tolerance differed significantly between clusters. (DIPF/Orig.) In dieser Studie wurden Einschätzungen angehender Lehrkräfte zu digitalisierungsbezogenen Lerngelegenheiten während der Lehramtsausbildung sowie zu Folgen eines digital gestützten Unterrichts und ihrer Ungewissheitstoleranz in Bezug auf die unterrichtliche Nutzung digitaler Medien in einer Stichprobe von 131 Lehramtsstudierenden untersucht. Ergebnisse von two-step Clusteranalysen deuten auf zwei Gruppen basierend auf der Wahrnehmung digitalisierungsbezogener Lerngelegenheiten hin: Teilnehmende in Cluster 1 berichteten insgesamt für die Mehrheit an Indikatoren stärker ausgeprägte Werte als Teilnehmende in Cluster 2. Einschätzungen zu Folgen des unterrichtlichen Einsatzes digitaler Medien und der bereichsspezifischen Ungewissheitstoleranz variierten nicht signifikant zwischen den Clustern. In der Gesamtstichprobe gab es eine positive Korrelation zwischen Einschätzungen zu positiven Folgen des unterrichtlichen Einsatzes digitaler Medien und der Ungewissheitstoleranz der Teilnehmenden und signifikante negative Korrelationen zwischen Einschätzungen zu negativen Folgen des unterrichtlichen Einsatzes digitaler Medien und eingeschätzten positiven Folgen sowie der Ungewissheitstoleranz der Teilnehmenden. Entsprechend gerichtete signifikante Korrelationen ließen sich in Cluster 1, nicht jedoch in Cluster 2 identifizieren. Korrelationen zwischen eingeschätzten positiven und negativen Folgen des unterrichtlichen Einsatzes digitaler Medien und zwischen Einschätzungen zu negativen Folgen des unterrichtlichen Einsatzes digitaler Medien und der Ungewissheitstoleranz in Bezug auf die unterrichtliche Nutzung digitaler Medien variierten signifikant zwischen den Clustern. (DIPF/Orig.)
Assessing student teachers' ability in posing mathematical reasoning problems
Assessing student teachers' skills in posing mathematical reasoning problems within their experiences in teacher education is essential due to the increasing challenges for them to prepare for 21st-century learning. This study aims at investigating the quality of mathematical reasoning problems posed by student teachers. As many as 34 student teachers who attended an assessment lecture posed mathematical problems, where the three aspects; suitability of indicators with problems posed, the plausibility of the solution, the correctness of the solution, and language readability were used to assess the problems posed. Results indicate that more than 70% of the student-teacher participants were successful in posing reasoning problems - either objective or subjective questions - indicated by those which are in accordance with the established criteria although most of the posed problems are categorized as \"analyze\" problem, instead of \"evaluate\" or \"create\" problem. (DIPF/Orig.)
Comparing pre-service teachers', in-service teachers' and educational researchers' evidence-informed reasoning about classroom situations. Results from a mixed methods investigation
Pre-service teachers rarely engage in evidence-informed reasoning when they are confronted with problematic classroom situations. We argue that interventions that target pre-service teachers’ acquisition of evidence-informed reasoning skills should be informed by research that compares pre-service teachers’, in-service teachers’, and educational researchers’ evidence-informed reasoning. We asked N = 55 pre-service teachers, in-service teachers, and educational researchers to think aloud about a written classroom scenario and complete a retrospective interview on their evidence-informed reasoning. Results indicate that educational researchers describe problematic events more often than pre- and in-service teachers but do not seem to differ on a number of other reasoning activities. However, educational researchers more often refer to academic knowledge than preand in-service teachers. Pre- and in-service teachers do not seem to differ from each other, neither with respect to their reasoning activities nor concerning their use of academic knowledge. Additional qualitative analyses illustrate these findings. (DIPF/Orig.) Lehramtsstudierende gehen selten evidenzorientiert vor, wenn sie mit problematischen Unterrichtssituationen konfrontiert sind. Wir argumentieren, dass Interventionen, die auf eine Förderung evidenzorientierter Denkfertigkeiten bei Lehramtsstudierenden abzielen, auf Ergebnissen vergleichender Forschung zu den Denkprozessen von Lehramtsstudierenden, Lehrkräften und Bildungswissenschaftler:innen basieren sollten. Wir baten N = 55 Lehramtsstudierende, Lehrkräfte und Bildungswissenschaftler*innen, über ein schriftliches Unterrichtsszenario laut nachzudenken und an einem retrospektiven Interview zur Rekonstruktion ihrer evidenzorientierten Denkprozesse teilzunehmen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Bildungswissenschaftler:innen Situationen häufiger als Lehramtsstudierende und Lehrkräfte beschreiben, sich von diesen aber nicht in anderen evidenzorientierten Denkprozessen unterscheiden. Jedoch beziehen sich Bildungswissenschaftler:innen in ihren Analysen häufiger auf bildungswissenschaftliches Wissen als Lehramtsstudierende und Lehrkräfte. Lehramtsstudierende und Lehrkräfte unterscheiden sich hinsichtlich ihrer Denkaktivitäten und Verwendung bildungswissenschaftlichen Wissens nicht voneinander. Die Ergebnisse werden durch weiterführende qualitative Analysen illustriert. (DIPF/Orig.)
Die Entwicklung professioneller Rollenbilder bei migrationsbedingt mehrsprachigen Lehramtsstudierenden
Lehramtsstudierende, die migrationsgeschichtlich bedingt mehrsprachig sind, werden in Schule und Studium mit unterschiedlichen Zuschreibungen konfrontiert. Zum einen sind sie selbst als Angehörige der im gesellschaftlichen Diskurs als problembelastet kategorisierten Gruppe der ‚DaZler:innen‘ durch die eigene Schulzeit gegangen, zum anderen werden von der Mehrheitsgesellschaft Erwartungen an sie herangetragen, die auf positive Effekte für mehrsprachige Schüler:innen fokussieren. Wie entwickelt sich das Rollenbild der betreffenden Studierenden in diesem Spannungsverhältnis? In sechs narrativen Interviews erzählen Studierende ihre Geschichte. Zentrale Aspekte des Rollenbildes sind Erfahrungen von Othering und Rassismus, aber auch von persönlichem Erfolg und Zugang zu Schüler:innen. Die Universität spielt hier eine wichtige Rolle beim Aufbrechen der erlernten Andersheit, doch gleichzeitig erweist es sich als umso dramatischer, wenn hier erneut negative Zuschreibungen passieren. (DIPF/Orig.) Multilingual student teachers are confronted with different attributions during their school and university studies. On the one hand, they have gone through their own school years as members of the group of second language learners, which is categorized as problematic by the majority society; on the other hand, expectations that focus on positive effects for multilingual students are attributed. How does the role image of the students concerned develop in this situation? In six narrative interviews students tell their story. Central aspects of the role image are experiences of Othering and racism, but also of personal success and access to students. The university plays an important role here in breaking down learned otherness, but at the same time it proves to be all the more dramatic when negative attributions happen here again. (DIPF/Orig.)
Conceptions of Portuguese prospective teachers about real-life evolution situations
The importance of introducing evolution in primary schools has been highlighted in evolution education research, but few studies have approached the understanding of evolution of prospective teachers who are being prepared to teach at primary school level. The present exploratory study aims to answer three research questions about the ability of Portuguese prospective teachers to apply evolution to two real-life situations: 1) Are prospective teachers able to identify evolution misconceptions in online newspaper articles? 2) What misconceptions are expressed by prospective teachers when explaining real-life evolution situations? and 3) Which key evolution concepts do prospective teachers apply to make sense of real-life evolution situations? Twelve prospective teachers participated in the study. In the first situation, the prospective teachers were asked to identify statements from a newspaper article that would reveal evolution misconceptions and justify their choices. In the second situation, they were asked to read a text about SARS-CoV-2 and explain why scientists were worried about uncontrolled outbreaks of the virus. The prospective teachers' answers were analysed through content analysis. Regarding the first research question, our results show that only half of the prospective teachers were able to identify teleological misconceptions in the newspaper article. Concerning the second research question, some of the prospective teachers either identified misconceptions in information in which there was no misconception, or revealed their own misconceptions in their explanations. Regarding the third research question, although more than half of the prospective teachers identified at least two key evolution concepts, some of them found it difficult to explain how evolution is related to the situation described. Although this is an exploratory study, it shows which key concepts of evolution the prospective teachers mobilised and identifies their misunderstandings, thus highlighting dimensions that should be addressed in their evolution education. (DIPF/Orig.)
Determining pre-service teachers' astronomy-related self-efficacy belief levels
This study aims to reveal the astronomy-related self-efficacy beliefs of pre-service teachers studying science education, primary school education, and social studies education programmes. The study is conducted using the survey design, a quantitative research method. The study sample consists of 322 pre-service teachers in their third or fourth year of a science education, primary school education, or social studies education programme at a university in Turkey's Central Anatolia Region during the 2016 fall semester. The Astronomy Teaching Self-Efficacy Belief Scale developed by Güneş was used as the data collection tool. SPSS 22 was used to analyse the data, and the analyses benefited from descriptive and inferential statistics. Based on the findings, the pre-service teachers' total scores for astronomy self-efficacy showed no significant difference in terms of certain variables (i.e., gender, age, year, and having taken a previous astronomy course). However, significant differences were found regarding self-efficacy scores in terms of the programme and having taken part in astronomy and sky-gazing activity. Concerning the obtained results, the following suggestions can be made: pre-service teachers should be actively involved during the astronomy course, and their classroom management experiences should be promoted to improve their astronomy self-efficacy belief levels. (DIPF/Orig.)
Comparing contrasting cases in problem-solving first activities. Insights into analytical solution quality
In educational research, there are promising findings which suggest it is useful to have students work on a task before instruction takes place. This also involves using task formats that follow the principle of comparison with and without predefined categories. To date, few studies have evaluated the learning processes induced by comparing contrasting cases before instruction takes place. As comparing requires further analytic cognitive processes, such as recognizing, differentiating, and organizing, a construct based on analytic competence was developed to evaluate 149 student teachers’ task solutions using qualitative content analysis. One experimental group compared cases using self-generated categories (invention activity); the other group was given categories to compare the cases (worked solution). After comparing the cases, the students were introduced to classroom management, a topic that is relevant for prospective teachers. The purpose of this task was to acquire knowledge about and develop a professional vision of classroom management. In addition, to evaluating participants’ task solutions, a standardized questionnaire was used to collect data on the extrinsic and intrinsic cognitive load of the students. Students in the worked solution condition achieved significantly higher analytic solution quality and experienced significantly lower intrinsic cognitive load than students in the invention activity condition. Both experimental groups perceived an average low extrinsic cognitive load. (DIPF/Orig.) In der Lehr-Lernforschung gibt es vielversprechende Befunde, nach denen es sinnvoll erscheint, Lernende eine Aufgabe bearbeiten zu lassen, bevor die Instruktion erfolgt. Dabei kommen auch Aufgabenformate zum Einsatz, die dem Prinzip des Vergleichens mit und ohne vorgegebene Kategorien folgen. Bisher liegen wenige Studien zur Auswertung von Lernprozessen vor, die durch das Vergleichen kontrastierender Fälle ausgelöst werden, bevor die Instruktion erfolgt. Da Vergleichen analytischer kognitiver Prozesse wie erkennen, differenzieren und organisieren bedarf, wurde ein Konstrukt basierend auf der Analysekompetenz entwickelt, um 149 Aufgabenbearbeitungen von Lehramtsstudierenden mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse auszuwerten. Eine Experimentalgruppe verglich die Fälle mittels selbstentwickelter Kategorien (Invention Activity), die andere Gruppe erhielt Kategorien, um die Fälle zu vergleichen (Worked Solution). Nachdem die Studierenden die Fälle verglichen hatten, erhielten sie eine Einführung in das für angehende Lehrpersonen bedeutsame Thema Klassenführung. Ziel der Aufgabe war es Wissen zu Klassenführung zu erwerben sowie die professionelle Wahrnehmung von Klassenführung anzubahnen. Zusätzlich zur Auswertung der Aufgaben wurden mithilfe eines standardisierten Fragebogens Daten zur extrinsischen und intrinsischen kognitiven Belastung der Studierenden erhoben. Die Studierenden in der Bedingung Worked Solution erreichten eine signifikant höhere analytische Bearbeitungsqualität und empfanden eine signifikant geringere intrinsische kognitive Belastung als die Studierenden in der Bedingung Invention Activity. Beide Experimentalgruppen nahmen eine durchschnittlich geringe extrinsische kognitive Belastung wahr. (DIPF/Orig.)
Adressierungen und Zuschreibungen im Umgang mit sprachlicher Heterogenität: Einblicke in Texte von Lehramtsstudierenden
In dem Artikel steht die Frage im Zentrum, wie sich die Bezeichnungspraxen von Lehramtsstudierenden in Seminarveranstaltungen zum Umgang mit sprachlicher Heterogenität darstellen. Beleuchtet wird das Spannungsfeld, einerseits Differenzen zu benennen und pädagogisch-didaktisch aufzugreifen und andererseits durch die Benennung Differenzen zu reproduzieren und aufrechtzuerhalten. Dazu wurden mittels einer für die Fragestellung adaptierten funktional-semantischen Analyse Textbeiträge von Studierenden aus einer Lehrveranstaltung des integrierten Modells zu ,,Sprachlicher Heterogenität und Deutsch als Zweitsprache (DaZ)\" an der Universität Hamburg empirisch untersucht. Der Artikel zeigt beispielhaft an einer Aufgabenstellung aus dem Feld der Sprachdiagnostik, wo kritische Aspekte der Sprachsensibilität (i. S. von Sprache als Instrument) in der Lehrkräftebildung liegen. Davon ausgehend werden hochschuldidaktische Perspektiven zu einem reflexiven Umgang mit Differenzmarkierungen und Formen des Otherings entwickelt. (übernommen).
The impact of external contextual factors on teaching candidates
The formation of a teacher’s identity is considered a dynamic process influenced by internal and external contextual factors. This article explores the impact that external contextual factors have on teacher candidates’ identities by presenting the findings of an empirical qualitative study that investigated the relationship between teacher candidates’ beliefs and their demonstrations and representations of teaching and learning on a nationally standardised portfolio assessment. Metaphor analysis and stimulated recall were used to explore this relationship. The study found that teacher candidates’ teaching demonstrations while student teaching and representations of teaching found in a nationally standardised portfolio assessment were severely constrained by cooperating teachers and scripted curriculums. However, the study also found that candidates could articulate the differences between their beliefs about teaching and learning and their demonstrations and representations of teaching and learning. Candidates routinely made suggestions in the portfolio assessment to align their future teaching more closely to their metaphors for teaching. The study concluded that candidates did not change their beliefs but took up temporary teaching identities based on these findings. They found ways to navigate the assessment and their (teaching) context while remaining committed to their teaching identity and beliefs about good teaching. This article suggests how education system contexts impact the formation of teacher candidates’ identities and what teacher education programmes need to do to strengthen candidates’ identities in the face of negative external influences. (DIPF/Orig.)