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"Magnetism"
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Successive Short- and Long-Range Magnetic Ordering in Basub.2Mnsub.3sub.6 with Honeycomb Layers of Mnsup.3+ Ions Alternating with Triangular Layers of Mnsup.2+ Ions
Mixed-valent Ba[sub.2]Mn[sup.2+]Mn[sub.2] [sup.3+](SeO[sub.3])[sub.6] crystallizes in a monoclinic P2[sub.1]/c structure and has honeycomb layers of Mn[sup.3+] ions alternating with triangular layers of Mn[sup.2+] ions. We established the key parameters governing its magnetic structure by magnetization M and specific heat C[sub.p] measurements. The title compound exhibits a close succession of a short-range correlation order at Tcorr = 10.1 ± 0.1 K and a long-range Néel order at TN = 5.7 ± 0.1 K, and exhibits a metamagnetic phase transition at T < TN with hysteresis most pronounced at low temperatures. The causes for these observations were found using the spin exchange parameters evaluated by density functional theory calculations. The title compound represents a unique case in which uniform chains of integer spin Mn[sup.3+] (S = 2) ions interact with those of half-integer spin Mn[sup.2+] (S = 5/2) ions.
Journal Article
Investigating magnetism
\"Budding scientists will [learn] about the properties of magnetism by planning and carrying out investigations that explore how magnetic force is affected by distance, strength, and size\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
Magnetism and Low-Temperature Magnetocaloric Effect in Gdsub.7sub.2Osub.6 Compound with Monoclinic Lattice
The development of magnetic refrigerants with both low-field responsiveness and a large magnetic entropy change in the sub-Kelvin temperature range remains a critical challenge for advancing cryogenic technologies. This study focuses on the monoclinic compound Gd[sub.7](BO[sub.3])(PO[sub.4])[sub.2]O[sub.6], in which high-density Gd[sup.3+] ions form magnetic frustrated structures within the bc-plane and stack along the a-axis direction. The combination of a high magnetic ion density and frustrated magnetic configuration enables the coexistence of a low magnetic transition temperature and excellent magnetocaloric effects. Magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal an antiferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic phase transition below 2 K. The maximum magnetic entropy change reaches 35.2 J kg[sup.−1] K[sup.−1] under a varying magnetic field of 0–7 T. This study highlights the potential of frustrated magnetic interactions in monoclinic lattices with a high Gd[sup.3+] content for achieving superior cryogenic magnetocaloric performance.
Journal Article
Critical behavior of the van der Waals bonded high T C ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2
Fe
3
GeTe
2
is a promising candidate for van der Waals bonded ferromagnet because of its high Curie temperature and the prediction that its ferromagnetism can maintain upon exfoliating down to single layer. Here, we have reported the critical behavior to understand its ferromagnetic exchange. Based on various techniques including modified Arrott plot, Kouvel-Fisher plot, and critical isotherm analysis, a set of reliable critical exponents (
β
= 0.327 ± 0.003,
γ
= 1.079 ± 0.005, and
δ
= 4.261 ± 0.009) has been obtained. The critical behavior suggests a three-dimensional long-range magnetic coupling with the exchange distance decaying as
J
(
r
) ≈
r
−4.6
in Fe
3
GeTe
2
. The possible origin of three-dimensional magnetic characteristics in van der Waals bonded magnets is discussed.
Journal Article
Electric and magnetic phenomena
Learn about electricity and magnetism, what they are, the people responsible for helping us understand them, and how they affect us in the world today.
Book
Deaf-Mutism and Savagery Through the Lens of Animal Magnetism in France During the Early Nineteenth-Century
The scope of the paper is to examine the role that deaf-mutism and savagery had in the debate on animal magnetism, which occurred in France in the Early Nineteenth century. In order to legitimise artificial somnambulism, magnetisers turned their attention to the deaf-mutes claiming to be able to communicate with them through the somnambulic faculty of reading the mind. The successors of Mesmer did not develop a coherent medical theory concerning deaf-mutism and most of them aimed to extend research to the origins of magnetic healing by comparing deaf-mute subjects with savages. The paper also aims to show how the travel literature integrated this association and interpreted animal magnetism as a marker of the level of civilisation of the savage populations.
Journal Article