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"New Materials"
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New Materials Based on the Systems InP–CdTe and CdS–CdTe; Their Comparative Properties
Abstract—Methods for preparation of solid solutions (hetero- and homosubstituted) in the systems InP‒CdTe and CdS–CdTe have been worked out. The prepared solid solutions have been attested, on the basis of the X-ray diffraction, microscopic, electron microscopic, and optical studies results, as the substituted solid solutions with the structure of sphalerite and wurtzite, respectively; average dimensions (dav) and average numbers (nav) for the most representative particles of components and values of the band gap (ΔE) for the solid solutions have been determined. Acid–base properties of the surfaces for the systems components have been studied; their weak acidic character at relatively increased acidity of the solid solution surfaces of the InP–CdTe system has been demonstrated. Dependences of the volume and surface properties on the composition have been established. The found similarity and differences in behavior of the systems solid solutions have been explained by predominant influence of either the common component (CdTe) or the components (InP, CdS) differing in values of the band gap, difference in electronegativities difference, and ionic bonding contribution. Considerations concerning the possibilities of looking for new adsorbents—materials for semiconducting gas analysis—have been proposed.
Journal Article
The legend of Ponciano Gutiérrez and the mountain thieves
\"Recounts Ponciano's run-in with Vicente Silva and his bandits, who history confirms murdered, stole, and rustled cattle throughout the 1880s. It's the story of a farmer outwitting Silva in a folktale that shapes our understanding of the cultures of northern New Mexico\"-- Provided by publisher.
Book
The Relevance of the Problem of Synthesis of New Materials in Conditions of Innovative Industrial Development
This article discusses current problems of the synthesis of new materials in modern conditions. Today this is the most important strategic task for the innovative development of Russian industry. The factors determining the relevance of this task are formulated. A brief analysis of the state of Russian microelectronics is given. The importance of mathematical modeling methods and the need to develop innovative approaches in the field of the synthesis of new materials are shown. The main directions of scientific research related to the development of new model concepts, methods, and algorithms used in the field of mathematical modeling of the structures and properties of nanomaterials, as well as systems based on them, discussed at the IV International Conference “Mathematical Modeling in Materials Science of Electronic Components” (ICM3SEC-2022), are highlighted. This paper shows that for the further development of methods and means of mathematical modeling, a domestic high-performance environment for scientific research is required, with a comfortable user interface, flexibility in setting up resources, high performance, and reliability.
Journal Article
Juan the bear and the water of life = La acequia de Juan del Oso /
Although treated as outcasts, three superhuman friends, including Juan del Oso whose father was a bear, create an irrigation system for New Mexico's Mora Valley.
Book
The Critical Raw Materials in Cutting Tools for Machining Applications: A Review
A variety of cutting tool materials are used for the contact mode mechanical machining of components under extreme conditions of stress, temperature and/or corrosion, including operations such as drilling, milling turning and so on. These demanding conditions impose a seriously high strain rate (an order of magnitude higher than forming), and this limits the useful life of cutting tools, especially single-point cutting tools. Tungsten carbide is the most popularly used cutting tool material, and unfortunately its main ingredients of W and Co are at high risk in terms of material supply and are listed among critical raw materials (CRMs) for EU, for which sustainable use should be addressed. This paper highlights the evolution and the trend of use of CRMs) in cutting tools for mechanical machining through a timely review. The focus of this review and its motivation was driven by the four following themes: (i) the discussion of newly emerging hybrid machining processes offering performance enhancements and longevity in terms of tool life (laser and cryogenic incorporation); (ii) the development and synthesis of new CRM substitutes to minimise the use of tungsten; (iii) the improvement of the recycling of worn tools; and (iv) the accelerated use of modelling and simulation to design long-lasting tools in the Industry-4.0 framework, circular economy and cyber secure manufacturing. It may be noted that the scope of this paper is not to represent a completely exhaustive document concerning cutting tools for mechanical processing, but to raise awareness and pave the way for innovative thinking on the use of critical materials in mechanical processing tools with the aim of developing smart, timely control strategies and mitigation measures to suppress the use of CRMs.
Journal Article
Theorizing digital cultural heritage : a critical discourse
In Theorizing Digital Cultural Heritage, experts offer a critical and theoretical appraisal of the uses of digital media by cultural heritage institutions. Previous discussions of cultural heritage and digital technology have left the subject largely unmapped in terms of critical theory; the essays in this volume offer this long-missing perspective on the challenges of using digital media in the research, preservation, management, interpretation, and representation of cultural heritage. The contributors -- scholars and practitioners from a range of relevant disciplines -- ground theory in practice, considering how digital technology might be used to transform institutional cultures, methods, and relationships with audiences. The contributors examine the relationship between material and digital objects in collections of art and indigenous artifacts; the implications of digital technology for knowledge creation, documentation, and the concept of authority; and the possibilities for \"virtual cultural heritage\" -- the preservation and interpretation of cultural and natural heritage through real-time, immersive, and interactive techniques. The essays in Theorizing Digital Cultural Heritage will serve as a resource for professionals, academics, and students in all fields of cultural heritage, including museums, libraries, galleries, archives, and archaeology, as well as those in education and information technology. The range of issues considered and the diverse disciplines and viewpoints represented point to new directions for an emerging field. - Publisher.
Book
Phase change materials and phase change memory
Phase change memory (PCM) is an emerging technology that combines the unique properties of phase change materials with the potential for novel memory devices, which can help lead to new computer architectures. Phase change materials store information in their amorphous and crystalline phases, which can be reversibly switched by the application of an external voltage. This article describes the advantages and challenges of PCM. The physical properties of phase change materials that enable data storage are described, and our current knowledge of the phase change processes is summarized. Various designs of PCM devices with their respective advantages and integration challenges are presented. The scaling limits of PCM are addressed, and its performance is compared to competing existing and emerging memory technologies. Finally, potential new applications of phase change devices such as neuromorphic computing and phase change logic are outlined.
Journal Article
Chinese New Year colors
\"This bilingual color concept book celebrates a rainbow of traditional objects seen during the Chinese New Year.\"-- Publisher's description.
Book
Nanostructure design for drastic reduction of thermal conductivity while preserving high electrical conductivity
The design and fabrication of nanostructured materials to control both thermal and electrical properties are demonstrated for high-performance thermoelectric conversion. We have focused on silicon (Si) because it is an environmentally friendly and ubiquitous element. High bulk thermal conductivity of Si limits its potential as a thermoelectric material. The thermal conductivity of Si has been reduced by introducing grains, or wires, yet a further reduction is required while retaining a high electrical conductivity. We have designed two different nanostructures for this purpose. One structure is connected Si nanodots (NDs) with the same crystal orientation. The phonons scattering at the interfaces of these NDs occurred and it depended on the ND size. As a result of phonon scattering, the thermal conductivity of this nanostructured material was below/close to the amorphous limit. The other structure is Si films containing epitaxially grown Ge NDs. The Si layer imparted high electrical conductivity, while the Ge NDs served as phonon scattering bodies reducing thermal conductivity drastically. This work gives a methodology for the independent control of electron and phonon transport using nanostructured materials. This can bring the realization of thermoelectric Si-based materials that are compatible with large scale integrated circuit processing technologies.
Journal Article