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OEIS complex is a type of congenital malformation syndrome. Here, we report a case of fetal OEIS complex combined with lower limb polymelia, cardiac defects, and hepatic dysplasia. It was easily misdiagnosed when oligoamnios and the liver bulged. This case will provide reference information for early diagnosis of similar cases. OEIS complex is a type of congenital malformation syndrome. Here, we report a case of fetal OEIS complex combined with lower limb polymelia, cardiac defects, and hepatic dysplasia. It was easily misdiagnosed when oligoamnios and the liver bulged. This case will provide reference information for early diagnosis of similar cases.

Our communication presents a prenatally detected case with severe spinal defect detected in the first trimester of pregnancy, accompanied by a large skin-covered myelomeningocele but normal cranio-cerebral structural appearance.These findings suggest that in the first trimester, the extent of the spinal defect, the cerebrospinal fluid leakage to a large, but skin-covered, meningocele and fixation of the spinal cord at the lesion are not sufficient to determine downward hindbrain displacement and the development of secondary signs for open spina bifida.Therefore, we suggest a careful evaluation of the fetal cerebral features if a meningocele is detected. The presence of the skin covering the lesion may not be evident in the first trimester, but the absence of intracranial open spina bifida markers may indicate a ‘closed’ spinal defect, which generally associates a good neurological outcome. Also, studies aimed to investigate the accuracy of the intracranial features for open spina bifida detection should consider the possibility of ‘closed’ myelomeningoceles to avoid incorrect correlations.