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The underground plant of a pumped storage power station was taken as the object for studying the airflow in a large space. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is utilized to analyze the characteristics and patterns of airflow organization under summer operating conditions. Three airflow organization schemes including variable inlet dimension, number and air supply velocity are set. The airflow effects are compared according to the air velocity and air temperature distribution. The longitudinal profile of the air supply as well as the horizontal height of the work area are selected. Results demonstrate that a reasonably designed air outlet layout can fulfill the wind speed and temperature requirements for the working area. Moreover, homogeneity and stability of the airflow field in the working zone can be realized.

Due to the proposal of China’s carbon neutrality target, the traditional fossil energy industry continues to decline, and the proportion of new energy continues to increase. New energy power systems have high requirements for peak shaving and energy storage, but China’s current energy storage facilities are seriously insufficient in number and scale. The unique features of abandoned mines offer considerable potential for the construction of large-scale pumped storage power stations. Several countries have reported the conversion of abandoned mines to pumped storage plants, and a pilot project for the conversion of an underground reservoir group has been formalized in China. A feasibility study that considered the natural conditions, mine conditions, safety conditions, and economic benefits revealed that the construction of pumped storage power stations using abandoned mines could ameliorate several economic, ecological, and social problems, including resource utilization, ecological restoration, and population resettlement. The construction of pumped storage power stations using abandoned mines not only utilizes underground space with no mining value (reduced cost and construction period), but also improves the peak-load regulation and energy storage urgently needed for the development of power grid systems. Combined with the underground space and surface water resources of the Shitai Mine in Anhui, China, a plan for the construction of a pumped storage power station was proposed. The challenges faced by the current project were evaluated, further research suggested, and demonstration projects established in order to help achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.

Pumped storage plants (PSPs) play an important role in renewable energy consumption in power systems. Variable‐speed technology is a new and critical direction for the development of PSPs. In pump mode, variable‐speed pumped storage units (VSPSUs) have wider power regulation ranges and more flexible power responses than fixed‐speed pumped storage units (FSPSUs); however, the corresponding quantification study of VSPSUs is rare. Therefore, this study aims to quantify the static and dynamic power regulation characteristics of VSPSU in pump mode. First, the modeling of the fast speed control strategy of VSPSU in pump mode is improved. Then, the power regulation range of the VSPSU is explored. The factors (i.e., power command, governor, and converter) affecting the power response rapidity are quantified through the engineering case of a variable‐speed PSP adopting the doubly fed induction machine. Accordingly, suggestions on the settings of the parameters are provided. Quantification results show that parameter tuning based on this study effectively solves the problem of low regulation rate caused by great power fluctuations under typical power regulation cases in pump mode. This VSPSU has the fastest regulation rate of 13.75%/s when adjusting 40% power. This study could provide technical support to the practical operation of VSPSU. Power regulation characteristics in pump mode of variable‐speed pumped storage unit.

With the increasing capacity and scale of pumped storage power plant, the maintenance management and resource input of system equipment are continuously increasing. Exploring and establishing a system engineering method that balances safe production and maintenance resource input has become an important issue that enterprises urgently need to solve. Based on the reliability-centered maintenance (RCM) technology, this paper combines the characteristics of pumped storage unit operation and maintenance management and years of maintenance practice experience to improve and innovate the RCM technology method, forming a “reliability-centered pumped storage unit maintenance strategy optimization technology method” applicable to pumped storage power generation units. This technology method has been applied on the system equipment of pumped storage power generation unit. It shows the application of this technology method has made significant contribution to optimizing equipment maintenance strategies, reducing maintenance workload and the overhaul time.

This paper introduces the ternary pumped storage hydro unit technology and its development status, discusses the technical characteristics of the ternary unit, and looks forward to the broad application prospect of the ternary unit technology in the ultra-high head pumped storage power station. The main technical advantage of the ternary pumped storage hydro unit by using the Pelton turbine as the turbine component is that the hydraulic short circuit operation mode of the combined operation of pump and turbine can realize the smooth adjustment of the input power of the unit pumping condition. In addition, the conversion time between working conditions is greatly shortened compared with the conventional reversible pumped storage unit, thus greatly enhancing the power grid’s ability to absorb and adjust new energy.

This paper investigates airflow parameters for a pumped storage power station in Shandong. Continuous measurement was conducted for air temperature and humidity parameters at a height of 1.5m in the generator floor during summer. During test, three units operated and a supply air volume of 150,000 m 3 /h with 20.5°C and 90% RH was sent to generator floor. The results indicate that air parameters upstream and downstream of the generator floor satisfied the requirements of ≤30°C and ≤75%RH. Since the air temperature in the generator floor consistently remained below 24°C, which was significantly lower than the specified values, it is necessary to implement energy-saving control strategies for the air conditioning system to reduce operational energy consumption. The findings could provide reference for the energy-efficient design of the ventilation and air conditioning system in the main plant.

Pumped storage units (PSUs) often operate away from optimal working conditions to accommodate complex and variable operational tasks. This characteristic inherently results in a significantly higher probability of failure compared to conventional hydropower units. However, existing fault diagnosis studies commonly suffer from limitations such as single application scenarios, inadequate extraction of abnormal state information, and a lack of fault data, making them difficult to implement in real-world power station operations. To address these challenges, this study proposes a specialized abnormal information feature extraction tool for PSUs based on nonlinear dynamics and tensor learning algorithms, and further develops an intelligent fault diagnosis model using machine learning. Firstly, a novel nonlinear dynamic method named weighted fuzzy entropy (WFE) is introduced by integrating the root mean square and fuzzy entropy. This method characterizes time-series signal variations from both complexity and amplitude perspectives. Secondly, based on tensor learning theory, the WFE is extended to both the time and frequency domains, leading to the development of tensor-weighted fuzzy entropy (TWFE), which enables multi-dimensional extraction of abnormal information. Finally, an intelligent fault diagnosis model for PSUs established, incorporating data acquisition, feature extraction, and model recognition, with TWFE and random forests. In the intelligent operation and maintenance of a micro pumped storage power station, the proposed model successfully identifies hydraulic-mechanical faults such as vortex rope, imbalance, and rubbing, achieving a diagnostic accuracy of over 90%. The findings of this study provide valuable insights for enhancing the inspection and monitoring capabilities of PSUs.

In order to summarize the key points of the first water filling operation of 800-meter-class reinforced concrete waterway, and provide reference for the water filling operation of similar pumped storage power stations in subsequent power stations, this paper summarizes and analyzes the first water filling operation of Yangjiang pumped storage power station from the aspects of waterway characteristics, water filling procedure, operation key points and risk control, and explores the standardized flow of the first water filling operation of the pumped storage power station combined with practice to ensure the first success of water filling. This paper focuses on the optimization and implementation of the reverse water filling scheme of the lower adit in the upstream waterway. At the same time, the problems in the process of water filling operation are analyzed, and improvements and suggestions are put forward.

This paper studies the qingyuan pumped-storage power station multi units safety control strategy during load rejection at the same time, through the comparative analysis of several schemes, design the transmission line trip trigger generator tripping logic, optimize the existing protection system control strategy, the formation of the single line power station a few units safety control strategy during load rejection at the same time, the realization of multiple units in the case of lines correctly load rejection, Ensure the safety of unit operation.

The variable‐speed pumped storage unit (VSPSU) with full‐size converter (FSC) is characterized by its wide regulation range and exceptional regulation performance, with particular emphasis on its remarkable flexibility in power regulation in pump mode. In this paper, first, by applying MATLAB/Simulink, a numerical model of variable‐speed pumped storage plant with FSC is established, and the control strategy is developed. Second, the proposed model is verified through the comparison with a widely‐used commercial software SIMSEN and the test prototype data. Third, the characteristics of VSPSU with FSC are revealed and quantified: (1) For static characteristics, the power regulation range in pump mode is considerably widened to 11.4% ~ 100%, which significantly exceeds the range of VSPSU based on doubly fed induction machine (DFIM). (2) For dynamic characteristics, the unit accomplishes 10% and 50% power regulation within 10 s and 22 s, respectively. The corresponding average power regulation speed is 2.3%/s, and a power command change rate of 0.1 pu/s is recommended. (3) Compared to the VSPSU based on DFIM, the VSPSU with FSC greatly increases the power regulation range in pump mode. This paper could contribute to characteristic understandings and analytical methodology for practical operation of VSPSUs with FSC.