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National levels of personal health-care access and quality can be approximated by measuring mortality rates from causes that should not be fatal in the presence of effective medical care (ie, amenable mortality). Previous analyses of mortality amenable to health care only focused on high-income countries and faced several methodological challenges. In the present analysis, we use the highly standardised cause of death and risk factor estimates generated through the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) to improve and expand the quantification of personal health-care access and quality for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015. We mapped the most widely used list of causes amenable to personal health care developed by Nolte and McKee to 32 GBD causes. We accounted for variations in cause of death certification and misclassifications through the extensive data standardisation processes and redistribution algorithms developed for GBD. To isolate the effects of personal health-care access and quality, we risk-standardised cause-specific mortality rates for each geography-year by removing the joint effects of local environmental and behavioural risks, and adding back the global levels of risk exposure as estimated for GBD 2015. We employed principal component analysis to create a single, interpretable summary measure–the Healthcare Quality and Access (HAQ) Index–on a scale of 0 to 100. The HAQ Index showed strong convergence validity as compared with other health-system indicators, including health expenditure per capita (r=0·88), an index of 11 universal health coverage interventions (r=0·83), and human resources for health per 1000 (r=0·77). We used free disposal hull analysis with bootstrapping to produce a frontier based on the relationship between the HAQ Index and the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a measure of overall development consisting of income per capita, average years of education, and total fertility rates. This frontier allowed us to better quantify the maximum levels of personal health-care access and quality achieved across the development spectrum, and pinpoint geographies where gaps between observed and potential levels have narrowed or widened over time. Between 1990 and 2015, nearly all countries and territories saw their HAQ Index values improve; nonetheless, the difference between the highest and lowest observed HAQ Index was larger in 2015 than in 1990, ranging from 28·6 to 94·6. Of 195 geographies, 167 had statistically significant increases in HAQ Index levels since 1990, with South Korea, Turkey, Peru, China, and the Maldives recording among the largest gains by 2015. Performance on the HAQ Index and individual causes showed distinct patterns by region and level of development, yet substantial heterogeneities emerged for several causes, including cancers in highest-SDI countries; chronic kidney disease, diabetes, diarrhoeal diseases, and lower respiratory infections among middle-SDI countries; and measles and tetanus among lowest-SDI countries. While the global HAQ Index average rose from 40·7 (95% uncertainty interval, 39·0–42·8) in 1990 to 53·7 (52·2–55·4) in 2015, far less progress occurred in narrowing the gap between observed HAQ Index values and maximum levels achieved; at the global level, the difference between the observed and frontier HAQ Index only decreased from 21·2 in 1990 to 20·1 in 2015. If every country and territory had achieved the highest observed HAQ Index by their corresponding level of SDI, the global average would have been 73·8 in 2015. Several countries, particularly in eastern and western sub-Saharan Africa, reached HAQ Index values similar to or beyond their development levels, whereas others, namely in southern sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and south Asia, lagged behind what geographies of similar development attained between 1990 and 2015. This novel extension of the GBD Study shows the untapped potential for personal health-care access and quality improvement across the development spectrum. Amid substantive advances in personal health care at the national level, heterogeneous patterns for individual causes in given countries or territories suggest that few places have consistently achieved optimal health-care access and quality across health-system functions and therapeutic areas. This is especially evident in middle-SDI countries, many of which have recently undergone or are currently experiencing epidemiological transitions. The HAQ Index, if paired with other measures of health-system characteristics such as intervention coverage, could provide a robust avenue for tracking progress on universal health coverage and identifying local priorities for strengthening personal health-care quality and access throughout the world. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

The disparity between kidney demand and supply necessitates the expansion of the donor pool. This study evaluates the long-term outcomes of single kidney transplantation guided by histological and clinical parameters. We retrospectively analyzed 1,024 adult recipients of deceased-donor kidney transplants from January 2011 to December 2020. Graft and patient survival were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis, and independent risk factors were identified through Cox regression models. Donor kidney histological specimens were evaluated using the Remuzzi score. A Remuzzi score of 4 emerged as a critical threshold for safe single kidney transplantation. Recipients were divided into three groups based on Remuzzi score (0-3, 4, and >4). Those with a score of 4 had similar 10-year graft survival to those with score 0-3 (92.0% vs. 92.0%,  = 0.984), whereas grafts with score >4 had poorer outcomes (82.0%,  = 0.033). The 10-year patient survival for recipients with a score of 4 was comparable to those with scores 0-3 (90.0% vs. 94.0%,  = 0.122), while score >4 trended toward worse survival (81.0%,  = 0.067). In subgroup analyses of high Remuzzi scores (>4,  = 105), the Kidney Donor Profile Index (KDPI) and donor terminal creatinine were identified as independent risk factors for graft loss. Single kidney transplantation is safe for grafts with Remuzzi scores ≤4. Even some kidneys from high-score donors demonstrated favorable graft prognosis when allocated based on KDPI and donor terminal creatinine.

BackgroundThe purpose of the study was to evaluate renal quality and predict posttransplant graft function using ex vivo sound touch elastography (STE).MethodsIn this prospective study, 106 donor kidneys underwent ex vivo STE examination and biopsy from March 2022 to August 2023. The mean stiffness of the superficial cortex (STEsc), deep cortex (STEdc), and medulla (STEme) was obtained and synthesized into one index (STE) through the factor analysis method. Additionally, 100 recipients were followed up for 6 months. A random forest algorithm was employed to explore significant predictive factors associated with the Remuzzi score and allograft function. The performance of parameters was evaluated by using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsSTE had AUC values of 0.803 for diagnosing low Remuzzi and 0.943 for diagnosing high Remuzzi. Meanwhile, STE had an AUC of 0.723 for diagnosing moderate to severe ATI. Random forest algorithm identified STE and Remuzzi score as significant predictors for 6-month renal function. The AUC for STE in predicting postoperative allograft function was 0.717, which was comparable with that of the Remuzzi score (AUC = 0.756). Nevertheless, the specificity of STE was significantly higher than that of Remuzzi (0.913 vs 0.652, p < 0.001). Given these promising results, donor kidneys can be transplanted directly without the need for biopsy when STE ≤ 11.741.ConclusionsThe assessment of kidney quality using ex vivo STE demonstrated significant predictive value for the Remuzzi score and allograft function, which could help avoid unnecessary biopsy.Critical relevance statementPre-transplant kidney quality measured with ex vivo STE can be used to assess donor kidney quality and avoid unnecessary biopsy.Key PointsSTE has significant value for diagnosing low Remuzzi and high Remuzzi scores.STE achieved good performance in predicting posttransplant allograft function.Assessment of kidney quality using ex vivo STE could avoid unnecessary biopsies.

The editors of Separations would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2016.[...]

Remuzzi points to the enormous effect that chronic kidney disease has on cardiovascular health: By protecting the kidney, you can avoid cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and coronary artery disease. According to David Warnock, of the University of Alabama's Division of Nephrology, Giuseppe Remuzzi is one of the most remarkable individuals in the field of kidney medicine, with contributions to a multitude of areas that span the spectrum from clinical science to basic research endeavours.

The sheet music is presented for Ficagna's Inquietações (in memorian Célio Remuzzi) for clarinet solo, the title for which was inspired by his uncle Célio Remuzzi's slow and premature death, as well as the composer's own anguish in the face of the \"frightening\" growth of fascism in Brazilian society.

Aderem, Alan, 79 Agrelo, Ruben, 6 Aguilar, Victor, 338 Aguzzi, Adriano, 306 Ailles, Laurie E., 275 Akhavanfard, Sara, 146 Alacakaptan, Memetcan, 401 Aldridge, Victoria S. S., 458 Alessi, Dario R., 63 Amato, Antonio, 315 Andreani, Marco, 315 Antonyak, Marc A., 349 Arm, Jonathan P., 172 Arnold, Bernd, 51 Ashworth, Alan, 130 Baker, Christopher M., 16 Balestrieri, Barbara, 172 Barker, Nick, 472 Barki, Leila, 159 Bartram, Claus R., 51 Baruchel, Sylvain, 371 Basso, Manuela, 349 Batista, Silvia, 516 Beal, M. Flint, 349 Bedard, Philippe L., 3 Bekker, Linda‐Gail, 258 Bell, John C., 275 Bellanger, Dorine, 211 Benigni, Ariela, 247 Benilova, Iryna, 289 Berta, Melanie A., 16 Beug, Hartmut, 98, 401 Bhakoo, Kishore, 196 Bierhaus, Angelika, 51 Biral, Erika, 315 Blakely, Kim M., 371 Böhm, Friederike, 294 Boilard, Eric, 172 Boisvert, Susan L., 146 Bonnefoix, Thierry, 159 Borger, Darrell R., 146 Borresen‐Dale, Anne‐Lise, 143 Bossart, Walter, 231 Bourachot, Brigitte, 211 Branco‐Madeira, Filipe, 193 Brothers, Shaun P., 429 Brown, Angus M., 42 Budanov, Andrei V., 388 Bühler, Marc, 120 Burger, Nena, 90 Caldeira, Sandra, 111, 331 Calella, Anna Maria, 306 Callanan, Mary B., 159 Camps, Monsterrat, 504 Cao, Siyan, 189 Cappellini, Maria Domenica, 315 Carafoli, Ernesto, 490 Cardon, Melissa, 211 Carneiro, Leticia A. M., 275 Carragher, Linda A. S., 458 Cassis, Paola, 247 Castañeda‐Bueno, María, 39 Cerione, Rick A., 349 Chang, Young‐Tae, 196 Charles, Roch‐Philippe, 26 Chaturvedi, Rajnish Kumar, 349 Chauvelier, Stéphanie, 159 Chuang, Kai‐Hsiang, 196 Clark, Jeffrey W., 146 Clarke, Alan R., 472 Clerici, Christine, 26 Clevers, Hans, 472 Cluzeaud, Françoise, 26 Coblyn, Jonathan S., 172 Cole, Alicia M., 472 Cook, Simon J., 458 Cooper, Arthur J. L., 349 Coppola, Giovanni, 349 Costa, Veronica, 490 Cottle, Denny L., 16 Curran, Tom, 385 Custic, Ivana, 401 Datti, Alessandro, 371 David, Serena S., 146 Davies, Kelvin J. A., 490 de Fraipont, Florence, 159 De Strooper, Bart, 245, 289 De Vos, John, 159 Debernardi, Alexandra, 159 Delattre, Olivier, 211 Delaval, Katia, 159 Der, Sandy D., 275 Derkits, Sahra E., 472 Despouy, Gilles, 211 Dias‐Santagata, Dora, 146 Dijkstra, Inge M. E., 90 Dittrich, Corneli, 258 Divangahi, Maziar, 172 Djuric, Zdenka, 51 Dubois, Thierry, 211 Duley, Samuel, 159 Dumenil, Guillaume, 331 Edgar, Julia M., 42 Ellisen, Leif W., 146 Engelman, Jeffrey A., 146 Ermak, Gennady, 490 Evans, Andrew J., 275 Fajas, Lluis, 338 Fajmann, Sabine, 98 Falsig, Jeppe, 306 Fan, Jing, 349 Farinelli, Mélissa, 306 Feil, Robert, 159 Ferrari, Giuliana, 315 Figeac, Martin, 159 Fischer, Christine, 51 Fleming, Stewart, 63 Fournier, Alexandra, 159 Francke, Uta, 1 Frateschi, Simona, 26 Frittoli, Marta Claudia, 315 Fruttiger, Marcus, 516 Fujioka, Daisuke, 172 Fujitani, Mayumi, 371 Gage, Fred, 77 Gamba, Gerardo, 39 Gebeshuber, Christoph A., 401 Gedye, Craig, 275 Gelb, Michael H., 172 Gerald, Damien, 211 Gervaz, Pascal, 440 Geschwind, Daniel H., 349 Ghomashchi, Farideh, 172 Giacomello, Marta, 490 Giblett, Susan M., 458 Girardin, Stephen E., 275 Glover, Mark, 63 Gobezie, Reuben, 172 Gold, Elizabeth S., 79 Goronzy, Jörg J., 415 Granjon, Aurélie, 159 Graw, Frederik, 231 Grebien, Florian, 98 Gressin, Rémy, 159 Grichine, Alexei, 159 Griffiths, Ian R., 42 Grinshtein, Natalie, 371 Gruenenfelder, Fredrik I., 42 Grziwa, Beate, 51 Günthard, Huldrych F., 231 Guo, Xiaoli, 504 Haas, Anna, 231 Haber, Daniel A., 146 Hämmerling, Günter, 51 Haïssaguerre, Michel, 117 Hamaidia, Sieme, 159 Han, Weiping, 196 Hansford, Loen M., 371 Harada, Chikako, 504 Harada, Takayuki, 504 Hart, Ian, 516 Hennighausen, Lothar, 98 Hils, Martin, 349 Hodivala‐Dilke, Kairbaan M., 516 Hoelbl, Andrea, 98 Hoelzl, Maria A., 98 Hoffmann, Georg F., 51 Hsu, Fong‐Fu, 258 Hudec, Roman, 490 Hummler, Edith, 26 Hwang, Irene I. L., 275 Iafrate, A. John, 146 Ichijo, Hidenori, 504 Iismaa, Siiri E., 349 Irwin, Meredith S., 371 Isakoff, Steven J., 146 Jadeja, Shalini, 516 Jewett, Michael A. S., 275 Ji, Hong, 504 Jorand‐Lebrun, Catherine, 504 Jovanović, Aleksandar, 63 Jovanović, Sofija, 63 Kaplan, David R., 371 Kaplan, Gilla, 258 Karin, Michael, 388 Kassambara, Alboukadel, 159 Kaufman, Randal J., 189 Kavanagh, Kathryn L., 51 Kazemi‐Esfarjani, Parsa, 335 Kemp, Stephan, 90 Kerckaert, Jean‐Pierre, 159 Khochbin, Saadi, 159 Kim, Mi‐Jeong, 258 Kimura, Atsuko, 504 Köhler, Ulrike A., 294 Kölker, Stefan, 51 Kohyama, Kuniko, 504 Kostourou, Vassiliki, 516 Kovacic, Boris, 98 Kristensen, Vessela, 143 Kuhlmann, Georgiana, 146 Kuster, Herbert, 231 Kwak, Eunice L., 146 La Spada, Albert R., 335 Lai, Ying, 172 Lajmanovich, Alicia, 159 Lambeau, Gérard, 172 Lambrecht, Bart N., 193 Langley, Brett C., 349 Larabee, Katherine, 172 Lee, David M., 172 Lee, Jun Hee, 388 Lefebvre, Christine, 159 Lefort, Sylvain, 211 Leroux, Dominique, 159 Li, Bo, 349 Lightowlers, Robert N., 487 Lim, Dmitri, 490 Linardopoulos, Spiros, 130 Locketz, Michael, 258 Lopreiato, Raffaele, 490 Lord, Christopher J., 130 Louis, David N., 146 Lucarelli, Guido, 315 Lucchesi, Carlo, 211 Lynch, Thomas J., 146 Mahishi, Lata, 349 Malerba, Monica, 440 Malorni, Walter, 490 Maniotis, Despina, 130 Mansuy, Isabelle M., 306 Marais, Richard, 458 Marktel, Sarah, 315 Marra, Marco A., 371 Marsh, J. Lawrence, 349 Maruggi, Giulietta, 315 Maschler, Sabine, 401 Massarotti, Elena M., 172 Mastropietro, Fabrizio, 315 Matsumoto, Yoh, 504 Matsuzawa, Atsushi, 504 Mavilio, Fulvio, 315 McCarthy, Afshan, 130 McConoughey, Stephen J., 349 McCulloch, Mailis C., 42 McDermott, Ultan, 146 McLeer‐Florin, Anne, 159 Mechta‐Grigoriou, Fatima, 211 Mezzadra, Riccardo, 315 Miller, Freda D., 371 Milosevic, Michael, 275 Milsom, Michael D., 291 Mirante, Osvaldo, 306 Moffat, Jason, 371 Montague, Paul, 42 Moos, Rita, 306 Moriggl, Richard, 98 Moriyama, Eduardo H., 275 Morozova, Olena, 371 Muzerelle, Mathilde, 504 Namekata, Kazuhiko, 504 Nave, Klaus‐Armin, 42 Nawroth, Peter, 51 Niatsetskaya, Zoya V., 349 Nümann, Astrid, 51 Nuvolone, Mario, 306 O'Shaughnessy, Kevin M., 63 Ofman, Rob, 90 Ohh, Michael, 275 Okun, Jürgen G., 51 Oliveira, Jorge M. A., 487 Olivo, Malini, 196 Oppermann, Udo, 51 Oxenius, Annette, 231 Pallos, Judit, 349 Parrini, Maria‐Carla, 211 Parry, Lee, 472 Parsons, Maddy, 516 Pasternack, Ralf, 349 Patel, Bipin, 458 Planès, Carole, 26 Poli, Valeria, 98 Pratola, Laura, 42 Pritchard, Catrin A., 458 Pulverer, Bernd, 329 Punga, Tanel, 120 Radda, George K., 196 Rafiqi, Fatema H., 63 Ramsey, Stephen A., 79 Randrianarison, Nadia H., 26 Ratan, Rajiv R., 349 Rauschenberger, Katharina, 51 Raymond, Lynn A., 349 Refaldi, Chiara, 315 Rehr, Manuela, 231 Remold, Heinz, 172 Remuzzi, Giuseppe, 247 Reynolds, Louise E., 516 Ribeyron, Juliana, 159 Richardson, Ciaran, 63 Richardson, Marion, 211 Ridgway, Rachel A., 472 Rigaill, Guillem, 211 Roberts, Andrew M., 275 Robinson, Stephen, 516 Roncarolo, Maria Grazia, 315 Roos, Frederik C., 275 Roselli, Emanuela Anna, 315 Rossier, Bernard C., 26, 111 Rotenberg, Susan A., 371 Rousseaux, Sophie, 159 Rückle, Thomas, 504 Ruiz i Altaba, Ariel, 386, 440 Rumig, Cordula, 51 Runz, Heiko, 51 Rusert, Peter, 231 Russell, David G., 258 Ryu, Hoon, 349 Sansom, Owen J., 472 Sass, Jörn Oliver, 51 Sastre‐Garau, Xavier, 211 Sauer, Sven, 51 Schöler, Katja, 51 Schreiber, Martin, 401 Schuster, Christian, 98 Schwarz, Heinz, 51 Scorrano, Luca, 490 Sequist, Lecia V., 146 Settleman, Jeffrey, 146 Sexl, Veronika, 98 Shafqat, Naeem, 51 Shao, Lan, 415 Shield, Julian P. H., 51 Siegl‐Cachedenier, Irene, 440 Sleiman, Sama F., 349 Smirnova, Natalia A., 349 Smith, Austin, 113 Smith, Kristen M., 371 Snell, Kimberley R., 458 Soler, Paul, 26 Sotiriou, Christos, 3 Sourisseau, Tony, 130 Speicher, Tobias, 294 Starkov, Anatoly, 349 Steinbeisser, Herbert, 51 Stengl, Gabriele, 98 Stern, David, 51 Stern, Marc‐Henri, 211 Stubbs, Hannah, 146 Swinnen, Dominique, 504 Sybingco, Stephanie, 275 Tang, Chan, 130 Tavora, Bernardo, 516 Thilemann, Sebastian, 42 Thompson, Leslie M., 349 Thornhill, Thomas S., 172 Tonon, Giovanni, 315 Toullec, Aurore, 211 Townsend, David, 196 Trkola, Alexandra, 231 Tsenova, Liana, 258 Turkenburg, Marjolein, 90 Usson, Yves, 159 van Cruchten, Arno, 90 van Engen, Catherine E., 90 van Roermund, Carlo W. T., 90 Varnat, Frédéric, 386, 440 Velan, S. Sendhil, 196 Vernovsky, Kathy, 146 Vincent‐Salomon, Anne, 211 Visser, Annalie, 258 Vitte, Pierre‐Alain, 504 Vourc'h, Claire, 159 Vuagniaux, Grégoire, 26 Wahlestedt, Claes, 429 Wainwright, Helen C., 258 Walther, Gabriele B., 258 Wanders, Ronald J. A., 51, 90 Wang, Wei, 258 Warsch, Wolfgang, 98 Watson, Ian R., 275 Watt, Fiona M., 16 Weinblatt, Michael E., 172 Wendel, Udo, 51 Werner, Sabine, 294 Weyand, Cornelia M., 415 Wickre, Mark, 98 Wiedemann, Eva‐Maria, 401 Wiehart, Ursula, 258 Williams, David A., 291 Wilson, Brian C., 275 Winton, Doug J., 458 Wolf, Nicole I., 51 Wrana, Jeffrey L., 371 Wutz, Anton, 6 Xia, Li, 349 Yeger, Herman, 371 Zhang, Libo, 371 Zhu, Bingmei, 98 Zschocke, Johannes, 51 Zuber, Annie Mercier, 63

Giuseppe Remuzzi has been much of his career studying renal disease. He is working to find a way to learn more about renal disease so that dialysis is no longer needed. Remuzzi is profiled.