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1,800 result(s) for "SEXO"
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Variation in body composition during the ramadan fast in athletes following a varied sports training program: intersex variations
Introduction and Objective. Ramadan fasting, characterized by diurnal abstinence from food and water, can significantly impact body composition, particularly in athletes undergoing intense training. This study aimed to evaluate gender-specific variations in body composition among university athletes following a varied sports training program during Ramadan. Methodology. A total of 129 athletes (76 women, 53 men; aged 18-21 years) were assessed using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (InBody 770) before and during the fourth week of Ramadan. Measurements included fat mass, lean mass, body circumferences, and water parameters under controlled conditions. Results. Male athletes exhibited a significant reduction in body weight (−0.46%, p = .045; Cohen’s 0.21, 95% CI [0.01, 0.41]) and overall fat mass (−4.11%, p = .031; 0.25, 95% CI [0.05, 0.45]), including segmental fat mass, while maintaining lean body mass and skeletal muscle mass. Female athletes showed reductions in hip, abdominal, and arm circumferences, with significant decreases in fat mass and skeletal muscle mass. Both genders displayed a decrease in bone mineral content. Conclusions. The findings highlight distinct metabolic and morphological adaptations between genders during Ramadan fasting, suggesting the need for personalized nutritional and training strategies to optimize performance and health outcomes. However, the absence of a non-fasting control group and the lack of precise dietary and hydration monitoring limit the interpretation of these results. Introducción y Objetivo. El ayuno de Ramadán, caracterizado por la abstinencia diurna de alimentos y agua, puede afectar significativamente la composición corporal, especialmente en atletas con entrenamientos intensos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar las variaciones específicas por género en la composición corporal de atletas universitarios que siguieron un programa de entrenamiento deportivo variado durante el Ramadán. Metodología. Se evaluaron 129 atletas (76 mujeres, 53 hombres; de 18 a 21 años) utilizando análisis de impedancia bioeléctrica multifrecuencia (InBody 770) antes y durante la cuarta semana del Ramadán. Las mediciones incluyeron masa grasa, masa magra, circunferencias corporales y parámetros hídricos bajo condiciones controladas. Resultados. Los hombres mostraron una reducción significativa en el peso corporal (−0,46 %, p = 0,045; Cohen 0,21, IC 95 % [0,01, 0,41]) y en la masa grasa total (−4,11 %, p = 0,031; 0,25, IC 95 % [0,05, 0,45]), incluida la masa grasa segmentaria, manteniendo la masa magra y muscular esquelética. Las mujeres presentaron reducciones en las circunferencias de cadera, abdomen y brazo, con disminuciones significativas en la masa grasa y muscular esquelética. Ambos géneros mostraron una disminución en el contenido mineral óseo. Conclusiones. Los hallazgos destacan adaptaciones metabólicas y morfológicas distintas entre géneros durante el ayuno de Ramadán, sugiriendo la necesidad de estrategias nutricionales y de entrenamiento personalizadas para optimizar el rendimiento y la salud. Sin embargo, la ausencia de un grupo control no ayunante y la falta de monitoreo preciso de la dieta e hidratación limitan la interpretación. Introdução e Objectivo. O jejum do Ramadão, caracterizado pela abstinência diurna de alimentos e água, pode afetar significativamente a composição corporal, especialmente em atletas com treino intenso. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as variações específicas de género na composição corporal entre atletas universitários que seguiram um programa variado de treino desportivo durante o Ramadão.Metodologia. 129 atletas (76 mulheres, 53 homens; idades entre os 18 e os 21 anos) foram avaliados através de uma análise de impedância bioelétrica multifrequencial (InBody 770) antes e durante a quarta semana do Ramadão. As medições incluíram massa gorda, massa magra, circunferências corporais e parâmetros de fluidos em condições controladas.Resultados. Os homens apresentaram uma redução significativa do peso corporal (−0,46%, p = 0,045; Cohen 0,21, IC 95% [0,01, 0,41]) e da massa gorda total (−4,11%, p = 0,031; 0,25, IC 95% [0,05, 0,45]), incluindo a massa gorda segmentar, mantendo a massa magra e a massa muscular esquelética. As mulheres apresentaram redução das circunferências da anca, abdómen e braço, com reduções significativas na massa gorda e muscular esquelética. Ambos os sexos apresentaram uma diminuição do conteúdo mineral ósseo.Conclusões. Os achados destacam adaptações metabólicas e morfológicas distintas entre os sexos durante o jejum do Ramadão, sugerindo a necessidade de estratégias nutricionais e de treino personalizadas para otimizar o desempenho e a saúde. No entanto, a ausência de um grupo de controlo sem jejum e a falta de monitorização precisa da dieta e da hidratação limitam a interpretação.
Sex/Gender
Sex/Gender presents a relatively new way to think about how biological difference can be produced over time in response to different environmental and social experiences. This book gives a clearly written explanation of the biological and cultural underpinnings of gender. Anne Fausto-Sterling provides an introduction to the biochemistry, neurobiology, and social construction of gender with expertise and humor in a style accessible to a wide variety of readers. In addition to the basics, Sex/Gender ponders the moral, ethical, social and political side to this inescapable subject. An interview with the author! WOMR - The Lowdown with Ira Wood - Sex an Gender Identity with Anne Fausto-Sterling: http://www.publicbroadcasting.net/womr/.jukebox?action=viewMedia&mediaId=1025429
On the «zorras» Celestina and Lozana: Animal symbolism in the configuration of the character of the whore and go-between
The undeniable influence of La Celestina on La Lozana andaluza is not limited to its structure, content, and function (Botta 2002; Checa 2005; Imperiale 1991; Márquez Villanueva 2006), but it also encompasses the animal symbolism used in the construction of the character of the old bawd (Shipley 2020; López-Rodríguez 2018; Miaja de la Peña 2017; Snow 2021). Celestina and Lozana are sweet and hard-working as bees, promiscuous and motherly as hens, loquacious and free as birds, temptress and sinful as serpents, libidinous and obstinate as donkeys and even docile and helpless as sheep. There is, indeed, a sort of bestiary in the forging of the literary figure of the prostitutes, whose physique and personality, home, jobs, beliefs, and social function are marked with animal traits. In addition to highlighting the instinctual animal world of sex with which the two prostitutes make a living, the iconography of the bestial serves to sketch the multifaceted nature of Celestina and Lozana. After all, their survival, like an animal, depends on their adaptation to society, because, in the words of the character of Francisco Delicado, «¿Qué me tengo que mantener […] como camaleón?» (179).
Escuelas diferenciadas en España: un análisis cualitativo de las razones y percepciones de sus directivos
La educación diferenciada mantiene su presencia en el panorama escolar de España, en un entorno de coeducación generalizada. Aunque existen algunas investigaciones sobre las razones para mantener o promover este modelo escolar en los países anglosajones, no hay estudios para España. El objetivo propuesto es ahondar en las razones y motivaciones —pedagógicas u otras— de la creación o mantenimiento de la separación de los sexos en las escuelas diferenciadas en España, y —en la percepción de los directivos— conocer los resultados y buenas prácticas que llevan a cabo en sus escuelas. Se ha partido del análisis cualitativo de doce entrevistas en profundidad con directivos de esas escuelas, que se grabaron, transcribieron y procesaron con el programa Atlas.ti. El análisis de los resultados permitió llegar a diversas conclusiones: la separación es percibida como práctica potenciadora de los objetivos de la educación personalizada; la escolarización diferenciada, dentro de una planificación educativa adecuada, reporta ventajas para aspectos como la igualdad de género o la excelencia escolar; permite dar respuesta a una demanda de las familias; la inclusión de planes formativos para la igualdad en esas escuelas es una práctica generalizada. Se destaca también la consideración de la trascendencia educativa del profesorado como modelo de género para conseguir una mayor igualdad de oportunidades. Como citar: Camps Bansell, J. and Vierheller, E. (2018). Escuelas diferenciadas en España: un análisis cualitativo de las razones y percepciones de sus directivos | Single-sex schools in Spain: A qualitative analysis of the reasoning and perceptions of their principals. Revista Española de Pedagogía, 76 (269), 101-117. doi: 10.22550/REP76-1-2018-05 Descriptores: • educación diferenciada • escuela femenina • escuela masculina • género • sexo
Perception of Sex Buyers by Young Spaniards
The aim of this research is to broaden the knowledge on the social perception of people who pay for commercial sex. An online questionnaire was distributed to 3126 young people in Spain. Respondents did not have a common perception about people who pay for sex, although several considered that a rich-buyer is associated with “partner”, “money”, “education” and “Spanish”; a risky-buyer meets the variables of “satisfying their domination needs”, “reaffirm masculinity”, “is violent” and “do not want to use preservative”; a low-status buyer has “limited money”, “is an immigrant” and “has a low level of education”; an insecure-buyer presents variables indicating that he is “insecure with the opposite sex” and “dissatisfied with their partner”; and a single-buyer “has no couple” and “is single”. These perceptions help to improve awareness campaigns against human trafficking and sexual exploitation and increase the visibility of the responsible parties who pay and encourage these crimes.
Sexo y género en disputa: una lectura territorial de imaginarios sociales
Este artículo presenta los resultados de una investigación sociojurídica con enfoque mixto (cuantitativo-cualitativo), desarrollada en 2023 con 147 participantes del diplomado Masculinidades corresponsables y no violentas, implementado por el Programa Generando Equidad de USAID y ejecutado por la Universidad del Norte. El estudio no se centró en el análisis de las masculinidades, sino en la descripción de los imaginarios sociales sobre sexo y género de personas de Montes de María, Bajo Cauca y el Pacífico colombiano. En la dimensión cuantitativa se clasificaron y compararon los hallazgos según procedencia, edad, sexo, identidad de género y cargo o rol de los participantes. La dimensión cualitativa se abordó a través de la historia de vida y el diario de observación, que permitieron explorar significados y narrativas. Estas herramientas posibilitaron un análisis profundo de los imaginarios sociales desde categorías culturales y simbólicas. Los resultados muestran que en las tres regiones el imaginario sobre el sexo en la primera infancia estuvo fuertemente marcado por la influencia religiosa. Se identificó, además, una persistente ausencia de diferenciación entre sexo y género en esa etapa. Finalmente, en la adultez emergió un imaginario de libertad que resignifica la identidad, el deseo y las formas de ser y estar en el mundo.
Sex and gender in psychotrauma research
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is two to three times more common in women than in men. To better understand this phenomenon, we need to know why men, women, and possibly individuals with other sex/gender identities respond differently to trauma. To stimulate sex and gender sensitive research, the ( ) was the first journal to adopt a gender policy. In addition, a call for papers entitled Integrating and Evaluating Sex and Gender in Psychotrauma Research was announced. This special issue synthesizes the past five years of psychotrauma research with regard to sex/gender differences. Seventy-seven articles were identified from archives, including five systematic reviews. These articles examined sex differences and/or gender differences in exposure to trauma, posttraumatic stress responses, or how sex and gender impacts (mental) health outcomes or treatment responses. Findings from these studies outlined that: 1. sex and gender still need to be more clearly defined, also in relation to the context that codetermine trauma responses, like other 'diversity' variables; 2. in most studies, sex and gender are measured or reported as binary variables; 3. sex and gender are important variables when examining trauma exposure, responses to these events, symptoms trajectories, and mental and physical health outcomes across the life span; and 4. in PTSD treatment studies, including a meta-analysis and a systematic review, sex and gender were not significant predictors of treatment outcome. Future research must focus on sex and gender as important and distinct variables; they should include sex and gender in their statistical analyses plan to better clarify associations between these variables and (responses to) psychotrauma. To enhance reporting of comparable data across studies, we provide suggestions for future research, including how to assess sex and gender.
El malestar de la pornografía
Nota crítica sobre PornoXplotación: la explosión de la gran adicción de nuestros tiempos, de Mabel Lozano y Pablo J. Conellie, Barcelona, Editorial Alrevés, 2020, 286 pp.
Tendências do Fitnessem Portugal para 2024
This study aimsto know Fitness trends in Portugal for 2024. Also, will be donesome comparisons between peoplewith different professional titles (Physical Exercise Technician, Technical Director or No Title), between those who are performing func-tions or not as a fitness professional(PF), between sexes, and over the last 4 years, andalso confronting Portuguese results with those obtained in Spain, Europe and worldwide. This study followed the methodology of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), with an online questionnaire being applied to PF, health professionals related to exercise, and students in the fitness/sports/physical education sector(n = 422), with 50 trends. The results obtained reveal that the Top 5 main fitness trends in Portugal are, in descending order: “Personal trainer (PT)”, “Employing certified PF”, “Exercise for weight loss”, “PT for small groups” and “Traditional strengthtraining”.When comparing the groupsthere were differences in 8 trends between those holding different professional titles, 9 between those who perform or do not perform PF functions, 27 between sexes, and 31 between years.Portuguese fitness trends for 2024 are more similar to those of the Spanish study, with 7 identical trends in the Top 10, and the European study, with 6 identical trends in the Top 10, than to those of the ACSM worldstudy, with only 3 identical trends in the Top 10. Pretende-se, com o presente estudo, conhecer as tendências do Fitness em Portugal para 2024. Serão ainda realizadascomparações, entre grupos, designadamente: detentoresde título profissional diferente (Técnico de exercício físico, Diretor técnico ou Sem título);entre quem está a exercer funções ou não enquanto profissional de fitness (PF);entre sexos; últimos 4 anos;e confrontação dosresultados portugueses com os de Espanha, da Europa e mundiais.Este estudo seguiu a metodologia do American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), tendo sidoaplicado um questionário onlinea PF,profissionais de saúde relacionados com o exercício, eestudantes do setor do fitness/desporto/educação física(n = 422), que continha 50 tendências.Os resultados obtidos revelam que o Top5 das principais tendências do fitness em Portugal são, por ordem decrescente:“Personal trainer (PT)”, “Empregar PF certificados”, “Exercício para a perda de peso”, “PT para pequenos grupos” e “Treino de força tradicional”.Quando comparados os gruposverificaram-se diferenças em 8 tendências entre os portadores de diferentes títulos profissionais, em 9 entre quem exerce ou não funções de PF, em 27 entre sexose em 31 entre anos.Astendências do fitness portuguesas, para 2024, assemelham-se mais às doestudo espanhol, com 7 tendências iguais no Top10, edoestudo europeu, com 6 tendências iguais no Top10, do que às doestudo mundial do ACSM, com apenas 3tendências iguais no Top10. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer las tendencias del Fitness en Portugal para 2024. Además, se pretendeestablecer comparaciones entre las personas con diferentes títulos profesionales (Técnico de Ejercicio Físico, Director Técnico,o Sin Título), entre quienes desempeñan o no funciones como profesionalde fitness(PF), entre sexos, y en los últimos 4 años, y también confrontarlos resultados de Portugal con los de España, Europa y mundiales.Este estudio siguió la metodología del American College of Sports Medicine(ACSM), aplicándose un cuestionario online a PF, a profesionales de la salud relacionados con el ejercicio y a estudiantes del sector fitness/deporte/educación física(n = 422), con 50 tendencias. Los resultados obtenidos revelan que el Top 5de las principales tendencias de fitness en Portugal son, en orden descendente: “EntrenamientoPersonal (PT), “Emplear PFcertificados”, “Ejercicio para perder peso”, “PT para grupos pequeños” y “Entrenamientode fuerza tradicional”.Al comparar los gruposhaydiferencias en 8 tenden-cias entre los que tienen diferentes títulos profesionales, en 9 entre los quedesempeñan o no funciones de PF, en 27 entre sexos, y en 31 entre años.Las tendencias de fitness portuguesas para 2024 son más similares a las del estudio español, con 7 tendencias idénticas en el Top 10, y al estudio europeo, con 6 tendencias idénticas en el Top 10, que a las del estudio mundialdel ACSM, con sólo 3 tendencias idénticas en el Top 10.
Validation of the Interpersonal Exchange Model of Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire in adults with a same-sex partner
The Interpersonal Exchange Model of Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (IEMSSQ) is one of the few instruments that has been developed from a theoretical model and assess sexual satisfaction. In addition, it has been successfully validated in Spanish heterosexual population. The objective of this study is to adapt and examine its psychometric properties (reliability, evidence of validity, and measurement invariance across sexual orientation and sex) in gay people in a relationship. Method: A sample of 1,820 adults, of whom 50% are gay people and 55% men, answered the Spanish version of the IEMSSQ. In addition, subjects with gay orientation answered the Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Results: When comparing by sex and sexual orientation, the IEMSSQ has a strict invariant structure. Its reliability is good, and the evidence of construct and concurrent validity is adequate. However, the components of equality are moderate. Conclusions: The IEMSSQ makes it possible to compare the sexual satisfaction between gay/heterosexual men and women, presenting good psychometric properties in gay people, constituting an useful instrument in the clinical and research field. El Interpersonal Exchange Model of Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire (IEMSSQ) es uno de los escasos instrumentos que evalúan la satisfacción sexual desde un modelo teórico y ha sido validado con éxito en población española heterosexual. El objetivo de este estudio es adaptar y examinar sus propiedades psicométricas (fiabilidad, evidencias de validez e invarianza según orientación sexual y sexo) en adultos gais con una relación de pareja. Método: Una muestra de 1.820 adultos, de los cuales el 50% son gais/lesbianas y el 55% hombres, contestó a la versión española del IEMSSQ. Además, los sujetos con orientación gay contestaron el Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire y la Escala de Ajuste Diádico. Resultados: El IEMSSQ posee una estructura invariante estricta, por sexo y orientación sexual. Su fiabilidad es buena, y las evidencias de validez de constructo y concurrente adecuadas, aunque moderadas en los componentes de igualdad. Conclusiones: El IEMSSQ permite comparar la satisfacción sexual entre hombres gais y mujeres lesbianas y heterosexuales, presentando buenas propiedades psicométricas en adultos gais, constituyendo un instrumento útil en el ámbito clínico y en el de la investigación.