Explore the vast range of titles available.

The Xoconostle prospect in northeastern Michoacán state, south-central Mexico, is constituted by high sulfidation epithermal breccias and stockworks with Au and Hg prospective anomalies. The mineralization is hosted by latest Miocene to Pliocene rocks grouped into the El Terrero ignimbrite and the Siete Cruces dome complex and a stock of intermediate composition and undetermined (Pliocene?) age. Two alunite samples from deep hypogene advanced argillic alteration assemblages within the deposit yielded 40Ar/39Ar ages at 5.57 ± 0.44 (Messinian) and 3.67 ± 0.20 Ma (Zanclean). Such ages are in good agreement with those of volcanic rocks at a semi-regional scale, especially those associated with the nearby Amealco caldera. Assuming that the formation of Xoconostle deposit could be genetically related to any of the eruptive units in this caldera, it would be associated with dacitic-andesitic rocks at ~4.7 Ma or with bimodal andesite-basalt volcanism at ~3.7 Ma, with which rhyolites at the southwest rim of the caldera (nearer to the epithermal deposit) are contemporaneous. The obtained ages are also in good agreement with those determined for the youngest stages in the evolution of the Trans- Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB). In addition, such ages compare well with those established for the E-W striking Morelia-Acambay normal fault zone (or Acambay graben). The occurrence of E-W structural features in the study area support their correlation with those in the Acambay graben. Although the metallogenesis of the TMVB needs further endeavours that contribute to its understanding, the Xoconostle prospect adds up to other dated magmatic-hydrothermal deposits that may collectively constitute a Pliocene metallogenic province whose inception was geologically circumscribed to this volcanic arc. However, this and its companion papers in this issue confirm the metallogenic potential of the TMVB in most of its stages of evolution, particularly in the late Miocene- Pliocene stage of acid and bimodal volcanism. El prospecto Xoconostle, al noreste del estado de Michoacán en el sur-centro de México, está constituido por brechas y stockworks epitermales de alta sulfuración que contienen anomalías prospectivas en Au y Hg. Este depósito está alojado por rocas del Mioceno terminal al Plioceno que se agrupan en la ignimbrita El Terrero y el complejo de domos Siete Cruces, además de un stock de composición intermedia y edad indeterminada (¿Plioceno?). Dos muestras de alunita procedentes de asociaciones de alteración argílica avanzada hipogénica profunda en el depósito arrojaron edades 40Ar/39Ar de 5.57 ± 0.44 (Messiniano) y 3.67 ± 0.20 Ma (Zancleano). Dichas edades son contemporáneas con las edades de rocas volcánicas a escala semi-regional, particularmente las asociadas a la cercana caldera de Amealco. Asumiendo que la formación del depósito de Xoconostle pudiera estar relacionada genéticamente con alguna de las unidades eruptivas que se encuentran en esta caldera, éste se asociaría con rocas dacíticas-an­desíticas de ~4.7 Ma o bien con volcanismo bimodal andesítico-basáltico de ~3.7 Ma, con el cual son con­temporáneas riolitas del extremo suroccidental del borde de la caldera (el más cercano al depósito epitermal). Las edades obtenidas también se corresponden bien, a escala regional, con las determinadas para las etapas más recientes en la evolución de la Faja Volcánica Trans-Mexicana (FVTM). Adicionalmente, dichas edades son congruentes con las determinadas para la zona de fallas normales E-W Morelia-Acambay (o graben de Acambay). La presencia de rasgos estructurales con orientación E-W en el área de estudio apoya la correlación de éstos con los del graben de Acambay. Aunque la metalogenia de la FVTM precisa de mayor esfuerzo para contribuir a su mejor comprensión, el prospecto Xoconostle se agrega al conjunto de otros depósitos magmático-hidrotermales ya fechados que pudieran constituir colectivamente una provincia metalogenética en el Plioceno cuyo origen haya estado circunscrito geológicamente al de este arco volcánico. Sin embargo, éste y los trabajos que lo acompañan en este número confirman el potencial metalogenético de la FVTM en la mayoría de sus etapas evolutivas, particularmente en la etapa de volcanismo ácido y bimodal del Mioceno tardío-Plioceno.

This article introduces ten Hexaplaric readings that are cited in Greek and Latin Christian literature that is not exegetical or treats a biblical book other than the one the Hexaplaric reading relates to.

The tropical root-knot nematode (RKN) Meloidogyne inornata infects soybean, tobacco, yacon, common bean and Anthurium andreanum. This species was reported as the cause of damage in commercial yacon production in Brazil, and has potential to cause losses to common bean crops. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. Désirée infected with M. inornata exhibited typical RKN galls on roots and tuber surfaces, similar to those caused by the two quarantine pathogens M. chitwoodi and M. fallax, and the non-quarantine M. luci. This study has indicated that M. inornata has considerable potential to cause severe damage to potato tubers. The potential spread of this pathogen into new areas should be assessed, as it can damage potato tubers and could be a problem for economically important crops. Ensuring pest-free seed potatoes is important to prevent dissemination and establishment of M. inornata in uninfested areas. Phytosanitary measures and monitoring programmes developed to prevent spread of this pest in Europe may be warranted.

In this note, we first indicate that any 0-inversive semigroup with a least non-zero idempotent has no proper divisors of 0. Moreover, we introduce the notion of a homo-left-group and generalize a variety of results of Mitsch and Petrich. These obtained statements seem to be new even for the class of all regular and finite semigroups.

An algebra that generates a variety with uncountably many subvarieties is said to be of type 2 ℵ 0 . We show that the Rees quotient monoid M ( aabb ) of order ten is of type 2 ℵ 0 , thereby affirmatively answering a recent question of Glasson. As a corollary, we exhibit a new example of type 2 ℵ 0 monoid of order six, which turns out to be the minimal possible cardinality and the first of its kind that is finitely based.

Oviposition in elusive reptiles has been poorly documented due to the difficulty in observing it in natural habitats. Here, we document the first egg-laying record in the Eastern Casque-headed Basilisk Laemanctus longipes in the wild. Our record adds novel information about the oviposition of this scarcely studied reptile species. La oviposición en especies elusivas de reptiles ha sido escasamente registrada en vida libre debido a la dificultad para observarla. En este trabajo documentamos por primera vez un evento de puesta de huevos en vida libre del toloque verde Laemanctus longipes en el centro del estado de Veracruz, México. Este registro agrega información novedosa sobre la oviposición de esta especie de reptil poco estudiada.

In this work the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) upon the heating process of an extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and a high oleic sunflower oil (SFO) was evaluated in real time by spectrometry. Two tests were carried out, in the first VOCs emitted from both kinds of oil were measured at room temperatures (not heated, NH) and at 180°C; in the second test, VOCs emission for selected masses were monitored under increasing temperatures over time: at room temperature not heated oils (NH), 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180°C, respectively. The spectra were acquired using a Proton Transfer Reaction Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer (PTR-ToF-MS). The total VOCs emission increased at 180°C, determined both by the rise of the amount of compounds present in the NH samples and by the formation of new masses generated by oxidative chemical reaction from triglycerides and fatty acids. From the set of results it is evident that a good control of the temperatures can be useful in reducing the quantities of masses potentially harmful to health in human food.

The identity of two birds described from Paraguay by Félix de Azara as No. 378 “Ypacahá jaspeado encima” and No. 402 “Chorlito pies roxos” is elucidated for the first time. No. 378 refers to Ocellated Crake Micropygia schomburgkii and is the basis for the name Rallus maculosus of Vieillot, 1819. Rallus maculosus Vieillot, 1819, is a nomen oblitum, unavailable for application. No. 402 is referable to Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres morinella and is the basis of the name Totanus nigellus Vieillot, 1816. Totanus nigellus Vieillot, 1816 is thus a junior synonym of Arenaria interpres morinella (Linnaeus, 1766) and available for application. La identidad de dos aves descritas de Paraguay por Félix de Azara como No. 378 “Ypacahá jaspeado encima” y No. 402 “Chorlito pies roxos” es revelada. No. 378 se refiere al Burrito ocelado Micropygia schomburgkii y es la base del nombre Rallus maculosus de Vieillot, 1819. Rallus maculosus Vieillot, 1819, es un nomen oblitum, y no está disponible para su aplicación. No. 402 se trata del Vuelvepiedras Arenaria interpres morinella y es la base del nombre Totanus nigellus Vieillot, 1816. Totanus nigellus Vieillot, 1816 es un sinónimo junior de Arenaria interpres morinella (Linnaeus, 1766) y está disponible para su aplicación.

The detection and typing of Vibrio cholerae in natural aquatic environments encounter major methodological challenges related to the fact that the bacterium is often present in environmental matrices at very low abundance in nonculturable state. This study applied, for the first time to our knowledge, a whole-genome enrichment (WGE) and next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach for direct genotyping and metagenomic analysis of low abundant V. cholerae DNA (< 50 genome unit/L) from natural water collected in the Morogoro river (Tanzania). The protocol is based on the use of biotinylated RNA baits for target enrichment of V. cholerae metagenomic DNA via hybridization. An enriched V. cholerae metagenome library was generated and sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq platform. Up to 1.8 × 10⁷ bp (4.5 × mean read depth) were found to map against V. cholerae reference genome sequences representing an increase of about 2500 times in target DNA coverage compared to theoretical calculations of performance for shotgun metagenomics. Analysis of metagenomic data revealed the presence of several V. cholerae virulence and virulence associated genes in river water including major virulence regions (e g. CTX prophage and Vibrio pathogenicity island-1) and genetic markers of epidemic strains (e.g. O1-antigen biosynthesis gene cluster) that were not detectable by standard culture and molecular techniques. Overall, besides providing a powerful tool for direct genotyping of V. cholerae in complex environmental matrices, this study provides a ‘proof of concept’ on the methodological gap that might currently preclude a more comprehensive understanding of toxigenic V. cholerae emergence from natural aquatic environments.