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In recent years, the rapidly changing landscape of society and the economy has compelled organizations to adapt and innovate. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have seen significant advancements in hardware and software. However, many companies within the ICT sector often overlook the need to infuse innovation into areas beyond ICT development and infrastructure. This study evaluates the innovation capabilities of medium-sized enterprises providing Information Technology Service Management (ITSM) in Medellín, Colombia. Utilizing a structural equation model, the study examined causal variables related to competitiveness and innovation capacity. Of the 42 variables considered, seven, including corporate branding evaluation, sustainable development, and improvisation capability, showed results below the normal threshold. The ICT sector, focused on the development and provision of technological and Industry 4.0-related services, continuously evolves. This model contributes to assessing and achieving that objective. En años recientes, la sociedad y la economía han experimentado cambios significativos que han requerido que las organizaciones se reinventen y se adapten a nuevas metodologías y procesos, lo cual se logra a través de la innovación. A pesar de los avances en tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC), las empresas de este sector no siempre reconocen la necesidad de incorporar la innovación en áreas más allá del desarrollo y la infraestructura de las TIC. Este estudio se enfoca en evaluar las capacidadesde innovación de empresas medianas que ofrecen Servicio de Gestión de Tecnología de la Información (ITSM) en el sector de las TIC en Medellín, Colombia, mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados señalan que solo siete de las 42 variables del modelo obtuvieron resultados inferiores al umbral normal. Estas siete variables incluyen la evaluación de la marca corporativa, el desarrollo sostenible y la capacidad de improvisación. El sector de TIC se encuentra en constante innovación debido a su enfoque en el desarrollo y provisión de servicios relacionados con la tecnología y la Industria 4.0. El modelo propuesto puede contribuir a la evaluación de dichas capacidades y alcanzar ese objetivo.

Objective: The article examines the role of digital technologies, including ICTs, AI, and big data, in modernizing public management, aiming to achieve greater efficiency, transparency, and citizen participation. Such tools optimize processes and services, but implementation faces resistance to change, budgetary constraints, and digital inequality   Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework is based on theories of innovation in governance and public management. It defines Electronic Government (e-Gov) and the broader Digital Transformation. The pillars include transparency, accountability, and open government, evolving toward a collaborative and data-driven digital governance model.   Method: The methodology is qualitative, characterized as exploratory and explanatory. Data collection utilized documentary and bibliographic sources (laws, articles), through a documentary survey. Analysis was performed using Content Analysis, aiming to interpret social phenomena   Results and Discussion: The study concluded that digital technologies play a central and fundamental role in the modernization of public management, promoting efficiency, transparency, and citizen participation. Digital transformation is not limited to computerization, but rather implies a comprehensive overhaul of management models, organizational culture, and how governments and citizens interact.   Research Implications: Digital technologies are fundamental to efficient, transparent, and participatory public management. The implication is that, to be sustainable, governments must overcome structural and cultural challenges, investing in staff training and digital inclusion.   Originality/Value: The research demonstrates the fundamental value of  ICTs in modernizing public management, seeking greater efficiency and transparency. It is original in its analysis of how digital transformation disrupts traditional bureaucratic models and discusses structural and cultural challenges to effectiveness.

The covid-19 pandemic has had catastrophic effects on the global economy. The olive oil sector, whose producers were already undergoing their own crisis, has also clearly been affected by this situation. Despite Spain’s world leadership in olive oil production, the added value that this product can generate has not been maximized. Falling prices and supply saturation are the problems that have been most highlighted and to which covid-19 has added. Faced with such a situation, the digitalization of the olive mill has gone from being a recommendation to an essential factor in avoiding the paralysis of its activity. In this context, the objective of this study is to detect the organizational factors that have been associated with a better adaptation of the organizations to the current complex situation. To this end we have made use of the fuzzy sets Qualitative Comparative Analysis technique which makes it possible to contrast different variables in order to explain a result, overcoming the limitations of more traditional techniques. The results obtained reveal that the cooperative form, the degree of innovation, the training of the top managers and the flexibility and size of the organization are factors that contribute to a better adaptation of the olive mill to the situation caused by covid-19.

The objective is to understand how interorganizational coordination occurs in the development of information systems in tax collection and basic education policies in the state of Paraná, Brazil. This implies the analysis of the relationships established between system-level bureaucrats (SYBs) – specialists who work in the development of information systems – and other bureaucracies in the implementation of public policies. Theoretical references on bureaucracy, information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the public sector andcoordination of public policies were mobilized. From a methodological point of view, it is a comparative study, analyzing two public policies: tax collection and basic education in the state of Paraná, and the mixed-capital company that develops the systems, Companhia de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação do Paraná (CELEPAR). Such policies are distinguished by the way in which the relationships between bureaucracies occur. In both, informal learning networks, mutually dependent, allow actors to create and use coping strategies that contribute to the coordination of public policy. These strategies are related to the writing of laws and public notices, the creation of unofficial information systems and resistance to change. They generally reflect beneficial contributions to public policy. The results imply demonstrating that the decision-making processes of policies are changed according to the use of ICTs, and disputes are transferred to other locus, which information systems sometimes hide, sometimes reveal.

Este estudio discute cómo los procesos de capacitación han evolucionado influenciados por la historia, la psicología, la educación y, más recientemente, la tecnología. Estos procedimientos son necesarios para maximizar la eficiencia del recurso humano, el más valioso de un país. En la actualidad, muchas compañías e instituciones del sector público y del privado apuestan por la enseñanza por medio de las TIC (Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación). El artículo describe algunas perspectivas que han moldeado el aprendizaje apoyado por las TIC a través del tiempo. Además, se incluyen tres experiencias de formación de este estilo en diferentes instituciones con sus ejemplos correspondientes. This study discusses the evolution of the training processes under the influence of history, psychology, education, and more recently, technology. These processes are necessary to maximize the efficiency of the human resource, a country’s most valuable resource. Therefore, nowadays many companies and institutions from the public and private sector are taking bets on the training processes by means of the IT. The study also discusses some perspectives which have given shape to the training processes through time. Three experiences of training processes aided by IT are also described with their corresponding examples.

The service sector currently accounts for the largest share, both in terms of GDP and employment, of all developed economies, as well as many of the so-called emerging or developing ones. In spite of this, it has been the subject of far less research than manufacturing, although the situation has started to change in the past three decades and it must be pointed out that some activities -such as finance, commerce, transport and those most closely linked to tourism- do have significant analytical literature. In any case, this sector is undergoing very notable changes deriving from new technologies and the progress of digitalization, as well as economic globalization, in which services are playing a particularly relevant role. These changes demand specific and in-depth analyses to explain their causes and to understand their spatial and territorial effects. The objective of this work is to underscore the need for greater research effort focusing on the regional and urban aspects of services, and to suggest certain facts and trends that seem particularly relevant. Undoubtedly, services should occupy a privileged position in the new frontiers of Regional and Urban Analysis. This work aims to justify that need and pose some topics of interest for new research.

En la presente investigacion se analizo el uso de aplicaciones TIC en el sector manufacturero de calzado de la provincia de Tungurahua de Ecuador y los factores que afectan su uso, como la alfabetizacion digital de los duenos y/o gerentes y el tamano de las empresas. Con este objetivo se realizo un analisis empirico de una muestra de 233 empresas de la provincia. Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante la aplicacion de una encuesta y analizados utilizando técnicas descriptivas y el coeficiente de correlacion de Spearman. Los resultados muestran que existe un escaso uso de las TIC en estas empresas y que los duenos y/o gerentes tienen un bajo nivel de alfabetizacion digital. Los coeficientes de correlacion de Spearman arrojan una relacion significativa entre alfabetizacion digital, el tamano de las empresas y el uso de aplicaciones TIC. Adicionalmente se encontro una correlacion significativa entre las caracteristicas del dueno y/o gerente (género, edad y educacion) y el nivel de alfabetizacion digital. Los resultados de la investigacion deben ser tomados en cuenta en el diseno e implementacion de politicas públicas para el desarrollo de las TIC en el sector manufacturero.

Describe the informal learning strategies used by the IT and Communication professionals (TIC) of the Superior Military Court (STM), discussing their importance for professional development and labor skills related to the maximization of the results of human performance. The research proved the differences in the use of the learning strategies among the TIC professionals and made it possible to capture the meaning of informal learning by professionals. The mixed methodology was applied and a questionnaire was created based on the studies of Camillis and Antonello (2010), Antonello (2011b), Pantoja and Borges-Andrade (2009), Lohman (2009), Berg and Chyung (2008) and Cunningham and Hillier (2013). Descriptive statistical analyses for quantitative data and thematic and categorical analyses were made for the content of the open answers. Summary of key results: Five categories of informal learning were identified: interpersonal relationships; work practices; sharing knowledge; unsystematic training and autonomous. Informal learning depends on: 1. interpersonal relationships, 2. plan for work practices, 3. sharing the knowledge, and 4. autodidactism. Some factors were considered facilitators and/or inhibitors and favorable and/or unfavorable to informal learning. The professionals describe informal learning as something difficult to prove and that the same thing happens through practice and the exercise of their skills. For future research, it was suggested the following: 1. analyze the influence of environment variables when employing the use of informal strategies of learning; 2. relate the learning of TIC professionals to the initiatives of knowledge management in the Organization; and 3. observe the role of leadership in the process of informal learning among professionals.

La sociedad de la información ha favorecido la adopción del e-commerce como un mecanismo para ampliar los mercados, considerando las preferencias de las comunidades, donde los medios sociales son potentes herramientas que permiten el éxito en las transacciones a través del s-commerce. El estudio es descriptivo y se realizó a empresarios (N=287) del sector calzado en Bucaramanga (Santander-Colombia) para determinar su percepción sobre el uso de los medios sociales como estrategia de comercialización. Se destaca la utilización de Facebook, Instagram, YouTube y Twitter como los más aceptados por sus propiedades de conexión, y, Taobao, E-bay, Amazon, Linio y Mercado Libre, como canales oficiales de comercialización. Finalmente, se proponen estrategias para adoptar las TIC para incrementar la competitividad en las organizaciones.

El artículo analiza los cambios experimentados en la manera en que el sector público gestiona la información, hasta ahora la acumulaba para su uso exclusivo, ahora la produce con el fin de ponerla a disposición de los ciudadanos. Esta transformación es resultado de las Tecnologías de la Información y de las Comunicaciones, su uso ha cambiado las relaciones entre instituciones y ciudadanos, estos son ahora demandantes de información, y el Gobierno es uno de sus mejores proveedores. Asimismo, la posibilidad de ofrecer los datos públicos abiertos convierte esa información en un activo abundante y barato. Esa versatilidad de la información supone una modificación de la definición tradicional de documento y dibuja una clara diferencia entre los conceptos de documentación e información.