Explore the vast range of titles available.

Nowadays, the use of quadcopters in daily life has become important due to its capabilities and ability to carry out many tasks in many fields like civil, military, industrial, and agricultural fields. The modelling of the quadcopter and deeply understanding its movements is very important to ensure that the simulations of its behaviour are as close as possible to reality and also helps us to design a flight controller. In this work, we used a modern technique on MATLAB (Simscape) to simulate a quadcopter in real-time. At first, we build a quadcopter using Simscape multibody then we simulated the PID regulator, the command algorithms, and the motor model with the applied forces on the body to achieve the global model that we can use to study the movement of the quadcopter on the three-axis which ensure a stable functioning. The results obtained show the stability of the four movements of the quadcopter (roll, pitch, yaw, and altitude).

Supercapacitors with characteristics such as high power density, long cycling life, fast charge, and discharge response are used in different applications like hybrid and electric vehicles, grid integration of renewable energies, or medical equipment. The parametric identification and the supercapacitor model selection are two complex processes, which have a critical impact on the system design process. This paper shows a comparison of the six commonly used supercapacitor models, as well as a general and straightforward identification parameter procedure based on Simulink or Simscape and the Optimization Toolbox of Matlab®. The proposed procedure allows for estimating the different parameters of every model using a different identification current profile. Once the parameters have been obtained, the performance of each supercapacitor model is evaluated through two current profiles applied to hybrid electric vehicles, the urban driving cycle (ECE-15 or UDC) and the hybrid pulse power characterization (HPPC). The experimental results show that the model accuracy depends on the identification profile, as well as the robustness of each supercapacitor model. Finally, some model and identification current profile recommendations are detailed.

The digital twin (DT) technology is currently considered a key technology for the digital representation of real-world systems. The application of DT technology in smart manufacturing can provide accurate model support for the analysis of mechatronic equipment applications based on model simulations. However, for such a mechanics-electric-hydraulic-control coupled complex system of mechatronics equipment, how to quickly and effectively construct its consistent multi-domain DT mechanism model has become the biggest obstacle to the wide application of DT technology in this field. Therefore, based on the synthesis of existing model construction methods for mechatronics equipment, this paper proposes multi-domain, multi-level, parametric, and consistent mechatronics equipment DT mechanism model construction guidelines. Based on the proposed model construction guidelines, a DT mechanism model construction process for mechatronics equipment is given. Finally, a consistent multi-domain DT mechanism model of computer numerical control machine tools (CNCMT) is constructed by Simscape, to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. The solutions in this paper provide a reliable, rapid, and consistent mechanism model along with construction guidelines and theoretical systems for engineers or researchers that use DT technology to solve specific application problems. Also, the implementation of the virtual commissioning application case in this paper provides application guidance for service analysis based on the DT model.

Hydrocarbon exploration and production activities are guaranteed through various operations including the drilling process, which is realized by using rotary drilling systems. The process involves crushing the rock by rotating the drill bit along a drill string to create a borehole. However, during this operation, violent vibrations can occur at the level of the drill string due to its random interaction with the rocks. According to their axes of occurrence, there are three types of vibrations: axial, lateral, and torsional, where the relentless status of the torsional vibrations is terminologically known as the stick-slip phenomenon. Such a phenomenon can lead to increased fatigue of the drill string and cause its abortive fracture, in addition to reducing the efficiency of the drilling process and consequently making the exploration and production operations relatively expensive. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to eliminate the severe stick-slip vibrations that appear along the drill string of the rotary drilling system according to the LQG observer-based controller approach. The rock–bit interaction term is highly nonlinear, and the bit rotational velocity is unmeasurable; an observer was first designed to estimate the unknown inputs of the model, and then the controller was implemented in the drill string model with 10 degrees of freedom. The estimation process was essentially based on surface measurements, namely, the current and rotational velocity of the top drive. Thereafter, the performance of the proposed observer-based LQG controller was tested for different simulation scenarios in a SimScape/Matlab environment, for which the controller demonstrated good robustness in suppressing the severe stick-slip vibrations. Furthermore, the simulation and experimental results were compared to other controllers designed for the same model; the proposed observer-based LQG controller showed better performance, and it was less sensitive to structured disturbances than H∞. Thence, it is highly recommended to use the proposed approach in smart rotary drilling systems.

The paper presents an approach to the modelling of a cyclic battery tester and contains observations about lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, charging/discharging procedures, conditions and protections which must be observed during the testing process. The main goal was to create and simulate a schematic which will be capable of cyclically testing Li-ion battery cells. Regulation of the final schematic is based on cascade connections of operation amplifiers, which work as a voltage source with current-limiting functions. The power part is created by two MOSFETs connected as a half-bridge. This topology allows current to flow in both directions (from and to the battery). Final simulation is supplemented by protections such as reverse polarity protection, short circuit protection and overvoltage protection during charging. Proper operation of the whole connection is demonstrated by the simulation outputs in the final section.

In part I of this study, we experimentally and numerically investigated the pilot stage of a novel two-stage servovalve architecture. The novelty of the proposed configuration is the torque motor being removed and replaced with two small two-way two-position (2/2) valves actuated by piezoelectric ring benders, which can effectively control the opening degree of a main spool valve. With this novel architecture, the typical drawbacks of two-stage servovalves can be overcome, such as the high complexity of the torque motor and the high internal leakage in the pilot stage when the main valve is at rest in the neutral position (null). The low complexity and the negligible internal leakage of the piezo-valves are accompanied by the high response speed typical of piezoelectric actuators. The valve assessment is completed in the present study, since the entire valve architecture (main stage + pilot stage) is investigated. In particular, a simplified numerical model is developed to provide a design tool that allows, for a given main stage spool, the values of the geometrical parameters of the pilot stage to be chosen along with the characteristics of the ring bender. This design procedure is applied to a 7 mm diameter main spool; afterward, a detailed numerical model of the entire valve, solved by SimScape Fluids software, is employed to demonstrate that the response of the main stage valve is very rapid while ensuring negligible internal leakage through the piezo-valves when the main stage is closed (resulting in lower power consumption). For this reason, the proposed valve can be regarded as a “clean” component for energy conversion, having lower energy consumption than commercially available servovalves.

Rear-end collisions represent a major concern in automotive safety, particularly due to the risk of whiplash injuries among vehicle occupants. The accurate simulation of occupant kinematics during such impacts is critical for the development of advanced safety systems. This paper presents an enhanced multibody simulation model specifically designed for rear-end crash scenarios, incorporating integrated active headrest mechanisms and sensor-based activation logic. The model combines detailed representations of vehicle structures, suspension systems, restraint systems, and occupant biomechanics, allowing for the precise prediction of crash dynamics and occupant responses. The system was developed using Simscape Multibody, with CAD-derived components interconnected through physical joints and validated using controlled experimental crash tests. Special attention was given to modelling contact forces, suspension behaviour, and actuator response times for the active headrest system. The model achieved a root mean square error (RMSE) of 4.19 m/s2 and a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 0.71% when comparing head acceleration in frontal collision tests, confirming its high accuracy. Validation results demonstrate that the model accurately reproduces occupant kinematics and head acceleration profiles, confirming its reliability and effectiveness as a predictive tool. This research highlights the critical role of integrated sensor-actuator systems in improving occupant safety and provides a flexible platform for future studies on intelligent vehicle safety technologies.

Tracking patient progress through a course of robotic tele-rehabilitation requires constant position data logging and comparison, alongside periodic testing with no powered assistance. The test data must be compared with previous test attempts and an ideal baseline, for which a good understanding of the dynamics of the robot is required. The traditional dynamic modelling techniques for serial chain robotics, which involve forming and solving equations of motion, do not adequately describe the multi-domain phenomena that affect the movement of the rehabilitation robot. In this study, a multi-domain dynamic model for an upper limb rehabilitation robot is described. The model, built using a combination of MATLAB, SimScape, and SimScape Multibody, comprises the mechanical electro-mechanical and control domains. The performance of the model was validated against the performance of the robot when unloaded and when loaded with a human arm proxy. It is shown that this combination of software is appropriate for building a dynamic model of the robot and provides advantages over the traditional modelling approach. It is demonstrated that the responses of the model match the responses of the robot with acceptable accuracy, though the inability to model backlash was a limitation.

With half-cut photovoltaic (PV) modules being the dominant technology on the market, there is an increasing necessity for accurate modeling of this module type. Circuit simulators such as Simulink are widely used to study different topics regarding photovoltaics, often employing a solar cell block available from the Simcape library. The purpose of this work is to validate this model against measurements for a partially shaded half-cut PV module. Diverse shading scenarios are created by varying the number of shaded substrings, the number of shaded solar cells in the substring, and the shading level. For every shading scenario, the PV module’s I-V curve is measured, along with in-plane irradiance, air temperature, and module temperature. A comprehensive evaluation of simulation accuracy is presented. The results confirm a high accuracy of the model with mean nRMSE values of 2.2% for I-V curves and 2.8% when P-V curves are considered. It is found that the simulation errors tend to increase when increasing the number of shaded substrings. At the same time, no obvious dependency of simulation accuracy on the shading level or the number of shaded solar cells in the substring is found.

Exoskeleton technology have shown its importance in various fields of application such as military, medical, industrial and commercial. But wide use of this technology is limited due high cost and Customized application according to user. If the exoskeleton has different gait cycle than unique natural gait cycle of user, it will lead to the injuries. Customization of exoskeleton gait cycle can overcome this challenge. Customized gait cycle according to user means control unit should provide output in form of position and torque in accordance to natural gait cycle of unique user. In this paper, A methodology is proposed and validated to obtain customized gait cycle for exoskeleton using video analysis and MATLAB simulation. Validation of Methodology is performed on normal human walking gait cycle. Video analysis performed in HALEX (Human Assistive Lower Limb Exoskeleton)is considered as basic method to conduct video analysis of gait cycle for unique user and data obtained from their experiment considered as base data for position vs time analysis. Later data obtained from video analysis is used as input data to obtain results fromMATLABSimscape-Simulink simulations using genetic algorithm. Above method is applied on biped robot to obtain results for normal human gait analysis. Simulations gives results in both position and torque wrt time. Torque values are compared with values obtained from mathematical model and position values are compared with values obtain from Video gait analysis. Validation of methodology gave satisfactory results and later suggested method can be used to obtain resulted torque and gait cycle for exoskeleton.