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\"Featuring an impressive array of smoke-infused recipes that extend well beyond the realm of rib joints, Thank You for Smoking shows home cooks how easy it is to rig a gas or charcoal grill or use a backyard smoker to infuse everything you love to eat--from veggies and greens to meat and fish--with a smoky nuance\"-- Provided by publisher.

George has been smoking fish for as long as he can remember. The smokehouse has a place of pride in his dooryard, and he lovingly tends the racks to ensure perfection. The end of fishing is in sight. The weather is closing in, creating uncertainty. Traps have to be hauled ashore and the last lobsters of the season must be banded. George prepares for winter.

The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in late December 2019 in China, which later developed into a pandemic, has forced different countries to implement strict sanitary regimes and social distancing measures. Globally, at least four billion people were under lockdown, working remotely, homeschooling children, and facing challenges coping with quarantine and the stressful events. The present cross-sectional online survey of adult Poles (n = 1097), conducted during a nationwide quarantine, aimed to assess whether nutritional and consumer habits have been affected under these conditions. Over 43.0% and nearly 52% reported eating and snacking more, respectively, and these tendencies were more frequent in overweight and obese individuals. Almost 30% and over 18% experienced weight gain (mean ± SD 3.0 ± 1.6 kg) and loss (−2.9 ± 1.5 kg), respectively. Overweight, obese, and older subjects (aged 36–45 and >45) tended to gain weight more frequently, whereas those with underweight tended to lose it further. Increased BMI was associated with less frequent consumption of vegetables, fruit, and legumes during quarantine, and higher adherence to meat, dairy, and fast-foods. An increase in alcohol consumption was seen in 14.6%, with a higher tendency to drink more found among alcohol addicts. Over 45% of smokers experienced a rise in smoking frequency during the quarantine. The study highlights that lockdown imposed to contain an infectious agent may affect eating behaviors and dietary habits, and advocates for organized nutritional support during future epidemic-related quarantines, particularly for the most vulnerable groups, including overweight and obese subjects.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) kills more than 3 million people worldwide every year. Despite progress in the treatment of symptoms and prevention of acute exacerbations, few advances have been made to ameliorate disease progression or affect mortality. A better understanding of the complex disease mechanisms resulting in COPD is needed. Smoking cessation programmes, increasing physical activity, and early detection and treatment of comorbidities are further key components to reduce the burden of the disease. However, without a global political and economic effort to reduce tobacco use, to regulate environmental exposure, and to find alternatives to the massive use of biomass fuel, COPD will remain a major health-care problem for decades to come.

Indoor air pollution (IAP) is a serious threat to human health, causing millions of deaths each year. A plethora of pollutants can result in IAP; therefore, it is very important to identify their main sources and concentrations and to devise strategies for the control and enhancement of indoor air quality (IAQ). Herein, we provide a critical review and evaluation of the major sources of major pollutant emissions, their health effects, and issues related to IAP-based illnesses, including sick building syndrome (SBS) and building-related illness (BRI). In addition, the strategies and approaches for control and reduction of pollutant concentrations are pointed out, and the recent trends in efforts to resolve and improve IAQ, with their respective advantages and potentials, are summarized. It is predicted that the development of novel materials for sensors, IAQ-monitoring systems, and smart homes is a promising strategy for control and enhancement of IAQ in the future.

Background Based on an increased prevalence of chronic respiratory conditions among women of reproductive age, understanding the risk factors of heart disease is crucial to inform policy and program interventions to address the problem. In this study, we empirically assessed the associations of behavioural factors such as the use of cooking fuels, smoking behaviour, household air pollution (HAP), and various demographic and socioeconomic characteristics with the prevalence of heart diseases in women. Methods The data were derived from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) conducted in 2019–2021. The effective sample size for the present study was 7,24,115 women aged 15–49 years in India. Descriptive statistics, along with bivariate analysis were conducted to find the preliminary results. Further, multivariable binary logistic regressions were conducted to find the relationship between heart disease and behavioural factors such as cooking fuel, smoking behaviour and HAP. Results It was revealed that women aged more than 29 years are at higher risk for heart disease ( p  < 0.05), irrespective of using clean cooking fuel (CCF) or polluting cooking fuel (PCF). Besides, women who are overweight (PCF = 1.15%; p  < 0.05), have diabetes (PCF = 5.33%; p  < 0.05), and have hypertension (PCF = 1.44%; p  < 0.05) tend to have higher prevalence of risk of heart disease as they were using PCF. Furthermore, the odds ratio of heart disease was higher among women having exposure to smoking (OR:1.227; CI:1.130–1.333; p  < 0.05), aged 45–49 (OR:2.474; CI:2.258–2.710; p  < 0.05), lower education (OR:1.144; CI:1.048–1.249; p  < 0.05), poorer wealth status (OR: 1.103; CI:1.011–1.203; p  < 0.05), diabetes (OR: 4.677; CI: 4.297–5.09; p  < 0.05), hypertension (OR: 1.48; CI: 1.386–1.58; p  < 0.05) and current smoker (OR: 1.428; CI:1.304–1.565; p  < 0.05). Conclusion The findings revealed that uses of PCF lead to HAP and is a contributing component to heart diseases. To address these challenges, the study suggests promoting alternative and CCF and raising awareness about the health hazards associated with HAP. Policy interventions focused on expanding access to clean fuels, and knowledge are crucial to achieving sustainable development goals and mitigating the impact of heart disease. Organizations dedicated to public health and environmental well-being should enhance efforts to promote the adoption of clean cooking alternatives, thereby reducing the burden of heart disease among women in India.

A recent review of global vitamin C status has indicated a high prevalence of deficiency, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, as well as in specific subgroups within high-income countries. Here, we provide a narrative review of potential factors influencing vitamin C status globally. The in vivo status of vitamin C is primarily affected by dietary intake and supplement use, with those who supplement having a higher mean status and a lower prevalence of deficiency. Dietary intake can be influenced by cultural aspects such as traditional cooking practices and staple foods, with many staple foods, such as grains, contributing negligible vitamin C to the diet. Environmental factors can also affect vitamin C intake and status; these include geographic region, season, and climate, as well as pollution, the latter partly due to enhanced oxidative stress. Demographic factors such as sex, age, and race are known to affect vitamin C status, as do socioeconomic factors such as deprivation, education and social class, and institutionalization. Various health aspects can affect vitamin C status; these include body weight, pregnancy and lactation, genetic variants, smoking, and disease states, including severe infections as well as various noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. Some of these factors have changed over time; therefore, we also explore if vitamin C status has shown temporal changes. Overall, there are numerous factors that can affect vitamin C status to different extents in various regions of the world. Many of these factors are not taken into consideration during the setting of global dietary intake recommendations for vitamin C.

Estimating the burden of disease attributable to long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in ambient air requires knowledge of both the shape and magnitude of the relative risk (RR) function. However, adequate direct evidence to identify the shape of the mortality RR functions at the high ambient concentrations observed in many places in the world is lacking. We developed RR functions over the entire global exposure range for causes of mortality in adults: ischemic heart disease (IHD), cerebrovascular disease (stroke), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer (LC). We also developed RR functions for the incidence of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) that can be used to estimate mortality and lost-years of healthy life in children < 5 years of age. We fit an integrated exposure-response (IER) model by integrating available RR information from studies of ambient air pollution (AAP), second hand tobacco smoke, household solid cooking fuel, and active smoking (AS). AS exposures were converted to estimated annual PM2.5 exposure equivalents using inhaled doses of particle mass. We derived population attributable fractions (PAFs) for every country based on estimated worldwide ambient PM2.5 concentrations. The IER model was a superior predictor of RR compared with seven other forms previously used in burden assessments. The percent PAF attributable to AAP exposure varied among countries from 2 to 41 for IHD, 1 to 43 for stroke, < 1 to 21 for COPD, < 1 to 25 for LC, and < 1 to 38 for ALRI. We developed a fine particulate mass-based RR model that covered the global range of exposure by integrating RR information from different combustion types that generate emissions of particulate matter. The model can be updated as new RR information becomes available.

Key Points About 25% of lung cancer cases worldwide are not attributable to tobacco smoking. Thus, lung cancer in never smokers is the seventh leading cause of cancer deaths in the world, killing more people every year than pancreatic or prostate cancers. Globally, lung cancer in never smokers demonstrates a marked gender bias, occuring more frequently among women. In particular, there is a high proportion of never smokers in Asian women diagnosed with lung cancer. Although smoking-related carcinogens act on both proximal and distal airways inducing all the major forms of lung cancer, cancers arising in never smokers target the distal airways and favour adenocarcinoma histology. Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is a relatively weak carcinogen and can only account for a minority of lung cancers arising in never smokers. Although multiple risk factors, including environmental, hormonal, genetic and viral factors, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung cancer in never smokers, no clear-cut dominant factor has emerged that can explain the relatively high incidence of lung cancer in never smokers and the marked geographic differences in gender proportions. Molecular epidemiology studies, in particular of the TP53 , KRAS and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR ) genes, demonstrate strikingly different mutation patterns and frequencies between lung cancers in never smokers and smokers. There are major clinical differences between lung cancers arising in never smokers and smokers and their response to targeted therapies. Indeed, non-smoking status is the strongest clinical predictor of benefit from the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The above-mentioned facts strongly suggest that lung cancer arising in never smokers is a disease distinct from the more common tobacco-associated forms of lung cancer. Further efforts are needed to identify the major cause or causes of lung cancers arising in never smokers before successful strategies for prevention, early diagnosis and novel therapies can be implemented. Approximately 25% of lung cancer cases worldwide are not attributable to smoking, accounting for over 300,000 deaths each year. What do we know about this unique but poorly characterized disease? Although most lung cancers are a result of smoking, approximately 25% of lung cancer cases worldwide are not attributable to tobacco use, accounting for over 300,000 deaths each year. Striking differences in the epidemiological, clinical and molecular characteristics of lung cancers arising in never smokers versus smokers have been identified, suggesting that they are separate entities. This Review summarizes our current knowledge of this unique and poorly understood disease.