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Relatively early in the composition of Les Troyens Berlioz declared his intention to include a \"pas d'almées with the music and dancing exactly like the Bayadères' ballet which I saw here sixteen or seventeen years ago.\" Despite Berlioz's claim that he had \"gone into it\" and \"there is no anachronism,\" historical evidence would suggest that the presence of Indian dancing girls in Dido's Carthage is actually highly inauthentic and anachronistic. Indeed, Berlioz's immediate inspiration for the ballet in question was not ancient history but, rather, a group of Indian dancers and musicians who had visited Paris in 1838. An investigation of the context of the bayadères' performances and the reception of the dancers and their music reveals that issues of authenticity and anachronism were a constant preoccupation for their French audiences, most of whom had previously encountered bayadères only through the exoticizing lens of Western representations. Berlioz's own references to the bayadères are examined in relation to contemporary reviews and the text of a highly self-reflexive play that was performed as a prologue and that shaped audiences' responses to the bayadères' performances at the Théâtre des Variétés in Paris. Although Berlioz is generally thought to have abandoned his intention to embody the 1838 bayadères in Les Troyens, I argue that he actually retained aspects of his original Indian inspiration in the act IV ballet; moreover, an awareness of the impact of the bayadères' performances on Berlioz and his contemporaries greatly informs our appreciation of the contribution of the act IV ballet to the wider imperial subtext of Les Troyens. If, rather than simply dismissing anachronism, we are willing to embrace it as a concept fundamental to Berlioz's opera, the act IV ballet—often cut in recent productions—can be newly appreciated as occupying a significant role in the historical dialectic of Les Troyens as a whole.

As one of the earliest and most intensively excavated sites of the pre-Classical period in Anatolia and the Aegean, Troy is of major archaeological and historical significance. But it is also of wider cultural significance, beyond the confines of archaeology and ancient history. Stories of the Trojan War and abstract metaphors relating to Troy abound in the present day, as they have since antiquity. From movies to computer viruses, from condom branding to reggae records, Troy is a word to conjure with. This book explores the significance of Troy in three areas: the archaeological, the disciplinary, and the cultural, and highlights the continuing importance of the site today. Including a survey of the archaeological remains of Troy as they are currently understood, the volume presents an all-inclusive survey of the site's history, from the Troy of Homer to the Bronze and Iron Ages, and that of Classical Antiquity. The modern day cultural impact of the site and the Trojan War is also discussed, including re-tellings of the stories or representations of the site and myth, and the more abstract use of Troy as a symbol - as a brand for consumer goods, and as a metaphor for contemporary conflicts.

This prize-winning production of Les Troyens was taped at the Théâtre du Châtelet in Paris in 2003, part of the year-long international celebrations marking the bicentenary of the composer's birth. In purely technical terms, this new release is the most stunning of the three versions currently available: beautifully recorded with superior sound, sensitively filmed and creatively edited.

\"Everyone who can afford it, and has had it done before, is going to pay the extra money for propofol,\" said Dr. Charles Campbell, who runs Diagnostic Clinic in Largo where virtually all colonoscopies are performed under deep sedation. \"But if you really have trouble making ends meet, you're going to postpone it.\" \"Anesthesiologists themselves have said if this usage grows, it could be in the $2- to $5-billion range in costs,\" he said. \"Those are costs we can't afford.\" \"And the satisfaction levels of patients who have this is as high as with other forms of sedation,\" said [Troyen A. Brennan], who said he had intravenous sedation for both of his colonoscopies.

Given all the psychic capital Berlioz had invested in Virgil, together with his grimly realistic assessment of what the Parisian public and its operatic establishment could handle, Berlioz resisted the idea of actually writing his Virgilian opera for an untold number of years. For all its expressive ardor and grand scale - the finale of Act I, marking the arrival of the Trojan Horse, calls for three off-stage orchestras - the work is also indebted to the graceful and elegant tradition of 18th-century French classical opera.

The charter, which [Troyen A. Brennan] said has been endorsed by the American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine and the American Board of Internal Medicine, was published in The Lancet and the Annals of Internal Medicine (www.annals.org/issues/ v136n3/full/ 200202050-00012 .html).

The Sage Group has finally opened a New York office after a year of planning, and will announce today that Aimée Troyen has been named managing director, with responsibilities for heading up and expanding the firm's new East Coast presence.

That's why this week's announcement that CVS/Caremark, one of the nation's largest drugstore chains, has decided to stop selling tobacco products by this October is so encouraging. It's not that taking tobacco out of CVS will make it so much more difficult for smokers to buy cigarettes -- company officials readily admit that smokers will just go elsewhere. It may wind up being good for CVS' bottom line, but it is also part of what Dr. Troyen A. Brennan, CVS' chief medical officer, and Dr. Steven A. Schroeder, head of the University of California-San Francisco's Smoking Cessation Center, describe as the \"denormalizing\" of smoking. Nearly one out of every five deaths in the United States is caused by smoking, and treating smoking-related illnesses costs $96 billion a year, according to the CDC. By itself, CVS' decision isn't going to change that. But it is an important step in the effort to send a unified message that smoking is not and should not be accepted as the norm.

Yet the composer's operatic masterpiece, \"Les Troyens,\" which returned to the Metropolitan Opera repertory on Monday night, presents a very different Berlioz. This five-act, four-hour pageant of dance and music drama, first performed in 1890, is shot through with a chaste, high-minded nobility that is like nothing else in the repertory. It is, I suppose, a \"radical\" work in many ways -- certainly some of the harmonies in \"Les Troyens\" would not become commonplace for the better part of a century after it was written -- but, gloriously, it looks backward for inspiration, to the writings of Homer and Virgil, to the stoicism of ancient Rome, to the timeless values of the classical. It is instructive to note that this was only the 29th performance of \"Les Troyens\" in the Met's history, while many lesser operas long ago passed the 500 mark. There are a number of reasons for this. To begin with, for more than a century after \"Les Troyens\" was finished, the score lay about as a set of mysterious fragments (a little like the latter-day Forum or Colosseum). Even after the landmark performing edition was assembled in 1969, the opera's size and complexity scared off most presenters. For many years, \"Les Troyens\" survived only as a sort of glorious rumor -- the great French Grand Opera that nobody had heard.