Catalogue Search | MBRL
Are you sure you want to remove the book from the shelf?
{{itemTitle}}
37,228
result(s) for
"Vulnerability"
Sort by:
Notas Editoriales
Como lo anunciamos en la nota editorial de la primera entrega del presente volumen 43 de la Revista Colombiana de Sociología (rcs), la Sección Temática de esta edición se dedica a esa problemática humana y social que afecta e interpela por igual a ciudadanos y autoridades de la inmensa mayoría de ciudades en el mundo entero: el habitante de calle. Realidad cotidiana frente a la cual es inevitable preguntarse ¿qué se puede o qué se debe hacer? Cuatro investigadoras de este endémico problema en las sociedades latinoamericanas fueron invitadas por la rcs para que unieran su conocimiento e interés por el tema en la orientación de la convocatoria y en la coordinación de la evaluación, selección y presentación del conjunto de artículos, nueve en total, que integran esta sección que ofrecemos a nuestros lectores. La revista agradece a las doctoras Karine Carneiro de la Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (Brasil) y Patricia Rodríguez Santana, profesora asociada del Departamento de Sociología de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia; a Marcela Tovar Thomas, especialista en implementación de política pública y gestión en temas relacionados con población vulnerable, y a la socióloga Jacqueline Torres Ruiz, docente de la Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia (unad), por la excelente calidad de su trabajo como editoras invitadas. Igualmente hacemos público nuestro agradecimiento a la notable nómina de especialistas que actuaron como evaluadores en el proceso de selección de las contribuciones. En su nota editorial el lector encontrará orientación en cuanto al carácter, significado y líneas de profundización presentes en el conjunto de aportes seleccionado que enriquecen el campo específico y el conocimiento general del estado de este fenómeno en nuestras sociedades latinoamericanas.
Journal Article
Vulnerability and critical theory
\"In Vulnerability and Critical Theory, Estelle Ferrarese identifies contemporary developments on the theme of vulnerability within critical theory while also seeking to reconstruct an idea of vulnerability that enables an articulation of the political and demonstrates how it is socially produced. Philosophies that take vulnerability as a moral object contribute to rendering the political, as the site of a specific power and action, foreign to vulnerability and the notion of recognition offered by critical theory does not correct this deficit. Instead, Ferrarese argues that vulnerability, as susceptibility to a harmful event, is above all a breach of normative expectations. She demonstrates that these expectations are not mental phenomena but are situated between subjects and must even be conceived as institutions. On this basis she argues that the link between the political and vulnerability cannot be reduced to the institutional implementation of moral principles. Rather she seeks to rethink the political by taking vulnerability as the starting point and thereby understands the political as simultaneously referring to the advent of a world, the emergence of a relation, and the appearance of a political subject\"--Page 4 of cover.
Book
AIBugHunter: A Practical tool for predicting, classifying and repairing software vulnerabilities
Many Machine Learning(ML)-based approaches have been proposed to automatically detect, localize, and repair software vulnerabilities. While ML-based methods are more effective than program analysis-based vulnerability analysis tools, few have been integrated into modern Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), hindering practical adoption. To bridge this critical gap, we propose in this article AIBugHunter, a novel Machine Learning-based software vulnerability analysis tool for C/C++ languages that is integrated into the Visual Studio Code (VS Code) IDE. AIBugHunter helps software developers to achieve real-time vulnerability detection, explanation, and repairs during programming. In particular, AIBugHunter scans through developers’ source code to (1) locate vulnerabilities, (2) identify vulnerability types, (3) estimate vulnerability severity, and (4) suggest vulnerability repairs. We integrate our previous works (i.e., LineVul and VulRepair) to achieve vulnerability localization and repairs. In this article, we propose a novel multi-objective optimization (MOO)-based vulnerability classification approach and a transformer-based estimation approach to help AIBugHunter accurately identify vulnerability types and estimate severity. Our empirical experiments on a large dataset consisting of 188K+ C/C++ functions confirm that our proposed approaches are more accurate than other state-of-the-art baseline methods for vulnerability classification and estimation. Furthermore, we conduct qualitative evaluations including a survey study and a user study to obtain software practitioners’ perceptions of our AIBugHunter tool and assess the impact that AIBugHunter may have on developers’ productivity in security aspects. Our survey study shows that our AIBugHunter is perceived as useful where 90% of the participants consider adopting our AIBugHunter during their software development. Last but not least, our user study shows that our AIBugHunter can enhance developers’ productivity in combating cybersecurity issues during software development. AIBugHunter is now publicly available in the Visual Studio Code marketplace.
Journal Article
The vulnerability of teaching and learning in a selfie society
This book explores the generative power of vulnerabilities facing individuals who inhabit educational spaces. We argue that vulnerability can be an asset in developing understandings of others, and in interrogating the self. Explorations of vulnerability offer a path to building empathy and creating engaged generosity within a community of dissensus. This kind of self-examination is essential in a selfie society in which democratic participation often devolves into neoliberal silos of discourse and marginalization of others who look, think, and believe differently.
Book
Penilaian indeks keterancaman komuniti orang asli di Lembangan Sungai Telom, Bertam dan Lemoi, Cameron Highlands
Istilah keterancaman bertujuan untuk menjelaskan perhubungan yang wujud di antara keterdedahan ancaman fizikal dengan kesejahteraan manusia dan keupayaan mereka untuk menghadapi ancaman. Penilaian keterancaman menggabungkan tiga komponen utama iaitu ancaman, sistem yang mengalami risiko dan daya tahan diri sedia ada. Keterancaman bagi kajian ini merujuk kepada komuniti orang asli yang tinggal di zon tanah tinggi Cameron Highlands. Tujuan kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti jenis ancaman perubahan alam sekitar tempatan di tiga lembangan utama Cameron Highlands iaitu Telom, Bertam dan Lemoi. Ancaman ini dilihat daripada hasil proses pembangunan guna tanah di kawasan tanah tinggi yang mendatangkan kesan keterancaman ke atas komuniti orang asli sebagai golongan yang memiliki daya tahan yang rendah. Hasil soal selidik iaitu ciri-ciri yang dinilai dan penghasilan peta indeks keterancaman ini akan menggambarkan keadaan sebenar komuniti orang asli Semai Cameron Highlands yang telah lama menjadikan sistem alam sekitar tanah tinggi sebagai satu bentuk perhubungan. Jumlah ketua isi rumah yang terlibat dalam sesi soal selidik ialah 153 orang iaitu 30% daripada jumlah keseluruhan ketua isi rumah bagi kampung terpilih. Hasil daripada penilaian indeks secara keseluruhan menunjukkan tahap keterancaman komuniti orang asli adalah terancam dan mereka memerlukan peningkatan daya tahan diri sedia ada. Kesimpulannya, penilaian indeks keterancaman komuniti orang asli di zon tanah tinggi bukan sahaja menggambarkan tahap keterancaman komuniti tersebut, malah boleh dijadikan petunjuk dan panduan kepada mereka dan pihak yang terlibat dalam aspek pengurusan komuniti orang asli di zon tanah tinggi.
Journal Article
Social vulnerability indices: a scoping review
Background
Social vulnerability occurs when the disadvantage conveyed by poor social conditions determines the degree to which one’s life and livelihood are at risk from a particular and identifiable event in health, nature, or society. A common way to estimate social vulnerability is through an index aggregating social factors. This scoping review broadly aimed to map the literature on social vulnerability indices. Our main objectives were to characterize social vulnerability indices, understand the composition of social vulnerability indices, and describe how these indices are utilized in the literature.
Methods
A scoping review was conducted in six electronic databases to identify original research, published in English, French, Dutch, Spanish or Portuguese, and which addressed the development or use of a social vulnerability index (SVI). Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened and assessed for eligibility. Data were extracted on the indices and simple descriptive statistics and counts were used to produce a narrative summary.
Results
In total, 292 studies were included, of which 126 studies came from environmental, climate change or disaster planning fields of study and 156 studies were from the fields of health or medicine. The mean number of items per index was 19 (SD 10.5) and the most common source of data was from censuses. There were 122 distinct items in the composition of these indices, categorized into 29 domains. The top three domains included in the SVIs were: at risk populations (e.g., % older adults, children or dependents), education, and socioeconomic status. SVIs were used to predict outcomes in 47.9% of studies, and rate of Covid-19 infection or mortality was the most common outcome measured.
Conclusions
We provide an overview of SVIs in the literature up to December 2021, providing a novel summary of commonly used variables for social vulnerability indices. We also demonstrate that SVIs are commonly used in several fields of research, especially since 2010. Whether in the field of disaster planning, environmental science or health sciences, the SVIs are composed of similar items and domains. SVIs can be used to predict diverse outcomes, with implications for future use as tools in interdisciplinary collaborations.
Journal Article
Danger and vulnerability in nineteenth-century American literature : crash and burn
\"This book reads nineteenth-century American literature in the context of emerging technologies, laws, and industries. By engaging ideas about risk and vulnerability, literature showed a shift in America's cultural ethos from lauding autonomy and mastery to promoting a sympathetic state and encouraging new forms of cultural recompense\" -- Provided by publisher.
Book
Classification and Evaluation of Current Climate Vulnerability Assessment Methods
Vulnerability to climate change is a complex, multi-dimensional construct influenced by multiple interacting factors. Several methods and approaches have been developed over the past three decades, yet there are no standard methods for assessing vulnerability (Connelly et al. in State of the art report (4) vulnerability assessment: definitions, indicators and existing assessment methods (issue 4), 2015). The vulnerability assessment studies differ in conceptualization, methodology, sectors affected, exposure to specific hazards, regional factors, and the scale of impact. Assessment of climate vulnerability and identification of indicators to measure it are significant problems. This paper provides a comprehensive and systematic review of indicator-based vulnerability assessment studies from 1990 to 2020. We analyse 84 studies to understand various aspects of vulnerability assessment—concept and approach, dimensions and indicators, and assessment methods. Though multi-dimensional assessments represent the overall vulnerability of an area, only 29.8% of the studies assessed more than one dimension. Analysis shows that 68.8% (75 of 109) of the identified indicators belong to the socioeconomic dimension. Socioeconomic vulnerability is the most assessed, and environmental vulnerability is the least assessed dimension, possibly attributed to ease of data availability. Due to the lack of methodological differences, there has been confusion associated with index-based and indicator-based studies in the literature (Ramieri et al. in Methods for assessing coastal vulnerability to climate change. ETC CCA Tech Paper 1/2011 (issue January), 2011. 10.13140/RG.2.1.1906.9840). Therefore, we develop a taxonomy of the existing vulnerability assessment methods based on their methodological approach. To avoid ambiguity, we denote all methods that employ indicators as indicator-based vulnerability assessment methods and classify them into index-based, clustering-based, and GIS-based methods. Finally, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each vulnerability assessment method and the open challenges in this research area.
Journal Article