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This study explored the multidimensional influence of high reputation on corporate social responsibility behaviors from the “report disclosure”, “report whitewashing”, and “actual performance” perspectives. The study found that a high reputation may trigger high expectations and strict supervision among stakeholders, which may cause those companies with high reputations to disclose high-quality CSR reports and improve the quality of their CSR performance. The results also indicated that, under the influence of a reputation-constraining mechanism, the degree of whitewashing in the CSR reports of high-reputation firms is significantly lower than that of others. This study focused on facilitating a better understanding of the influence of organizational reputation on organizational behavior and providing theoretical support and practical insights regarding the improvement of the effectiveness of corporate social responsibility governance.

Practices of authoritarian surveillance are not limited to so-called authoritarian states. Authoritarian surveillance has been increasingly witnessed in countries that uphold liberal democratic principles and institutions in the twenty-first century, along with accelerated automation of mass surveillance. This article situates authoritarian surveillance as a problem in the heart of democracy and capitalism in its materiality and imperial expansion and discusses how mass surveillance has redrawn boundaries of democratic principles. What Edward Snowden has revealed since 2013 is a good reminder of the materiality of the global surveillance networks built under the “War on Terror” that we still live in. They are embedded within digital communication infrastructures by the security agencies in the United States, the self-defined champion of liberal democracy. Nonetheless, a decade after the Snowden revelations, the authoritarian surveillance within democracy has been whitewashed in technological competitions with the Global South, such as China and India, and in tech-savvy culture in the Global North. What is the driving force of this oblivion? In a contrast with the COVID-19 pandemic surveillance, I highlight the exceptional position given to the security intelligence and policing agencies within liberal democratic institutions to generate authoritarian surveillance continuously from the imperial to postcolonial times. It is critically important to deconstruct the binary discourse of democratic states versus authoritarian states because this view tends to only problematize surveillance activities by countries located outside the “West” and sees authoritarian surveillance practiced by self-defined democratic states as harmless or even necessary to counter perceived authoritarian states. It further fuels global dissemination of surveillance technologies, just like the nuclear arms races, and produces more victims of authoritarian surveillance on earth, without borders.

Marvel is one of the hottest media companies in the world right now, and its beloved superheroes are all over film, television and comic books.Yet rather than simply cashing in on the popularity of iconic white male characters like Peter Parker, Tony Stark and Steve Rogers, Marvel has consciously diversified its lineup of superheroes, courting.

Applying the grounded theory approach, this study identified three major themes–business, soft power, and whitewashing–in the US media coverage of “The Great Wall” film, which is the biggest co-production between Hollywood and China in history. It also discussed the interconnections among the three themes and the implications of these interconnections. The connection between business and soft power revealed China’s strategy of enhancing its soft power through business collaborations with Hollywood. The connections between whitewashing and business, and between whitewashing and soft power, suggested the dialectical dynamics among them. This complex dynamics would influence the soft power of both China and the United States.

The nineteenth-century American novelist, Herman Melville, is oftentimes viewed as a multi-cultured innovator who possibly anticipated post-modernism. In his epic romance, Mardi, Melville incorporates aspects of Orientalism within a Westernized framework, thereby eroding cultural borders. This article focuses on Arabian Nights as one possible parent text for Mardi on the one hand, and on Melville's naturalization of certain Orientalist concepts in his novel on the other. Furthermore, it explores the question of whether Melville “whitewashes” the Eastern narrative to naturalize the text and thus familiarize Westerners with a foreign culture in the spirit of multi-culturalism, or whether he simply subscribes to the Orientalist stereotypes prevalent in nineteenth-century America.

The Swiss psychiatrist Ludwig Binswanger is known as the founder of the Daseinsanalyse (existential analysis) and more generally for having applied contemporary philosophical concepts and theories to psychiatry. The fortune of the philosopher Binswanger constituted a formidable obstacle to a historical scrutiny of his actual clinical practice. In the long run, the philosopher overshadowed the psychiatrist. The present paper takes the move from a “minor” work, an essay on the sterilisation of manic-depressive patients Binswanger published in 1938. This essay represents a rare exception in Binswanger’s scientific production in many respects: for its editorial collocation, for the subject (a concrete medical intervention) and the complete absence of philosophical references. Nevertheless, or precisely for this reason, the essay has been largely ignored by the scholarship, both of Swiss eugenics and of Binswanger himself. This paper explores the epistemological circumstances of this negligence and its historiographic significance, with special attention to the philosophical-anthropological refashioning of a psychiatric myth. Der Schweizer Psychiater Ludwig Binswanger ist als Gründer der Daseinsanalyse bekannt, und allgemein dafür, dass er zeitgenössische philosophische Theorien und Begriffe auf die Psychiatrie angewandt hat. Die Geltung des Philosophen Binswanger scheint bisher ein ernstliches Hindernis für die historische Untersuchung seiner tatsächlichen klinischen Praxis dargestellt zu haben. Letztlich überschattete der Philosoph den Psychiater. Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit einer „geringeren“ Arbeit Binswangers, einem Aufsatz über die Sterilisation von manisch-depressiven Patienten, der 1938 erschien. Dieser Aufsatz stellt in vielerlei Hinsicht eine seltene Ausnahme in Binswangers wissenschaftlicher Produktion dar: wegen des Kontexts der Veröffentlichung, wegen des Themas (eine konkrete ärztliche Intervention) und der völligen Abwesenheit philosophischer Bezugnahmen. Dennoch, oder genau aus diesem Grund, wurde der Aufsatz bisher weitgehend ignoriert, sowohl von Historikern der Schweizerischen Eugenik als auch von Binswangers Exegeten. Dieser Artikel erforscht die epistemologischen Umstände dieser Nachlässigkeit und deren historiographische Bedeutung, mit besonderer Aufmerksamkeit auf die philosophisch-anthropologischen Gestaltung des psychiatrischen Binswanger-Mythos.

The Swiss psychiatrist Ludwig Binswanger is known as the founder of the Daseinsanalyse (existential analysis) and more generally for having applied contemporary philosophical concepts and theories to psychiatry. The fortune of the philosopher Binswanger constituted a formidable obstacle to a historical scrutiny of his actual clinical practice. In the long run, the philosopher overshadowed the psychiatrist. The present paper takes the move from a “minor” work, an essay on the sterilisation of manic-depressive patients Binswanger published in 1938. This essay represents a rare exception in Binswanger’s scientific production in many respects: for its editorial collocation, for the subject (a concrete medical intervention) and the complete absence of philosophical references. Nevertheless, or precisely for this reason, the essay has been largely ignored by the scholarship, both of Swiss eugenics and of Binswanger himself. This paper explores the epistemological circumstances of this negligence and its historiographic significance, with special attention to the philosophical-anthropological refashioning of a psychiatric myth. Der Schweizer Psychiater Ludwig Binswanger ist als Gründer der Daseinsanalyse bekannt, und allgemein dafür, dass er zeitgenössische philosophische Theorien und Begriffe auf die Psychiatrie angewandt hat. Die Geltung des Philosophen Binswanger scheint bisher ein ernstliches Hindernis für die historische Untersuchung seiner tatsächlichen klinischen Praxis dargestellt zu haben. Letztlich überschattete der Philosoph den Psychiater. Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit einer „geringeren“ Arbeit Binswangers, einem Aufsatz über die Sterilisation von manisch-depressiven Patienten, der 1938 erschien. Dieser Aufsatz stellt in vielerlei Hinsicht eine seltene Ausnahme in Binswangers wissenschaftlicher Produktion dar: wegen des Kontexts der Veröffentlichung, wegen des Themas (eine konkrete ärztliche Intervention) und der völligen Abwesenheit philosophischer Bezugnahmen. Dennoch, oder genau aus diesem Grund, wurde der Aufsatz bisher weitgehend ignoriert, sowohl von Historikern der Schweizerischen Eugenik als auch von Binswangers Exegeten. Dieser Artikel erforscht die epistemologischen Umstände dieser Nachlässigkeit und deren historiographische Bedeutung, mit besonderer Aufmerksamkeit auf die philosophisch-anthropologischen Gestaltung des psychiatrischen Binswanger-Mythos.

The Swiss psychiatrist Ludwig Binswanger is known as the founder of the Daseinsanalyse (existential analysis) and more generally for having applied contemporary philosophical concepts and theories to psychiatry. The fortune of the philosopher Binswanger constituted a formidable obstacle to a historical scrutiny of his actual clinical practice. In the long run, the philosopher overshadowed the psychiatrist. The present paper takes the move from a \"minor\" work, an essay on the sterilisation of manic-depressive patients Binswanger published in 1938. This essay represents a rare exception in Binswanger's scientific production in many respects: for its editorial collocation, for the subject (a concrete medical intervention) and the complete absence of philosophical references. Nevertheless, or precisely for this reason, the essay has been largely ignored by the scholarship, both of Swiss eugenics and of Binswanger himself. This paper explores the epistemological circumstances of this negligence and its historiographic significance, with special attention to the philosophical-anthropological refashioning of a psychiatric myth.

We ask whether communication can directly substitute for memory in dynastic repeated games in which short lived individuals care about the utility of their offspring who replace them in an infinitely repeated game. Each individual is unable to observe what happens before his entry in the game. Past information is therefore conveyed from one cohort to the next by means of communication. When communication is costless and messages are sent simultaneously, communication mechanisms or protocols exist that sustain the same set of equilibrium payoffs as in the standard repeated game. When communication is costless but sequential, the incentives to \"whitewash\" the unobservable past history of play become pervasive. These incentives to whitewash can only be countered if some player serves as a \"neutral historian\" who verifies the truthfulness of others' reports while remaining indifferent in the process. By contrast, when communication is sequential and (lexicographically) costly, all protocols admit only equilibria that sustain stage Nash equilibrium payoffs. We also analyze a centralized communication protocol in which history leaves a \"footprint\" that can only hidden by the current cohort by a unanimous \"coverup.\" We show that in this case the set of payoffs that are sustainable in equilibrium coincides with the weakly renegotiation proof payoffs of the standard repeated game.

In big cities, major museums and elite galleries tend to dominate our idea of the art world. But beyond the cultural core ruled by these moneyed institutions and their patrons are vibrant, local communities of artists and art lovers operating beneath the high-culture radar. Producing Local Color is a guided tour of three such alternative worlds that thrive in the Chicago neighborhoods of Bronzeville, Pilsen, and Rogers Park. These three neighborhoods are, respectively, historically African American, predominantly Mexican American, and proudly ethnically mixed. Drawing on her ethnographic research in each place, Diane Grams presents and analyzes the different kinds of networks of interest and support that sustain the making of art outside of the limelight. And she introduces us to the various individuals—from cutting-edge artists to collectors to municipal planners—who work together to develop their communities, honor their history, and enrich the experiences of their neighbors through art. Along with its novel insights into these little examined art worlds, Producing Local Color also provides a thought-provoking account of how urban neighborhoods change and grow.