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This study aimed to determine the impact of using the Cabri II Plus software on students’ achievement and motivation. A quasi-experimental research design was employed to investigate the effects of learning with Cabri II Plus software on the achievement and motivation of second-grade middle school students in the module covering right triangles and the Pythagorean theorem. The study comprised 70 participants, who were divided into two groups: experimental and control. Each group consisted of 35 participants. The study utilized two main tools: a student achievement test and a math motivation questionnaire. The experimental group used interactive activities with Cabri II Plus software, while the control group used existing activities from a textbook provided by the Moroccan Ministry of Education. Thus, the pre- and post-tests on the achievement and motivation scores were carried out for both groups. Analysis of covariance revealed a significant difference in favor of the experimental group in terms of the academic achievement scores (F [1, 67] = 52.12, p = .00 < .05) and the motivation scores (F [1, 67] = 94.08, p = .00 < .05). Thus, the students who used the Cabri II Plus program obtained higher motivation and achievement than their counterparts who did not use Cabri II Plus to learn the test module. The study’s findings also showed a strong, statistically significant positive relationship between academic achievement and motivation among the experimental group students in the post-tests and a moderate, statistically significant relationship between these variables among the control group students. Thus, the teaching method using the Cabri II Plus program has a greater positive impact on the relationship between academic achievement and motivation than traditional teaching methods. Based on the findings, integrating Cabri II Plus into the teaching process effectively improves students’ educational outcomes and fosters a more engaged and motivated learning environment.

We developed a SPH equivalence technique in non-fundamental mode condition between a CABRI full-core model solved with the method of characteristics (MOC) in 2D and a simplified full-core model solved with the simplified P3 (SP3) method, linear anisotropic sources and discretized with Raviart-Thomas finite elements over a pure Cartesian mesh. The MOC and SP3 calculations are performed with DRAGON5 and DONJON5 codes, respectively. A three-parameter database is generated by DRAGON5 and is interpolated in DONJON5 as a function of the core condition. An objective function is set as the root mean square (RMS) error (MOC-SP3 discrepancy) on absorption distribution and leakage rates defined over the macro-geometry in DONJON5. Our algorithm is a quasi-Newtonian gradient search based on the Limited memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (LBFGS) method. Numerical results are presented with Hafnium bars withdrawn or inserted.

Accidents prevention and mitigation of the related consequences are mandatory for the safety assessment of the Generation IV Sodium-cooled Fast Reactors (SFRs). In order to reach these goals, the accurate evaluation of the most challenging transients, which may lead to severe accidents, is fundamental. In particular, an accurate evaluation of the degradation of the thermo-mechanical properties of the fuel pins due to irradiation, affecting the course of accidental transient conditions, is necessary. In our studies, the reference calculation route for the analysis of a severe accident in SFRs is based on the sequential use of the SAS-SFR and the SIMMER-III/IV mechanistic codes for the initiation (up to hexcan failure of a fuel sub-assembly) and the late (with core melting) phases of the scenario, respectively. Nevertheless, the module devoted to the SAS-SFR/SIMMER data transfer shows some limitations when innovative pins and core designs are considered. Having this in mind, the present paper proposes an innovative approach based on the coupling of a fuel performance code FEMAXI and the SIMMER code. When applied to severe accident studies of new reactors designs, such an approach is expected to improve the consistency of the SIMMER results as well as to extend its range of application. The FEMAXI/SIMMER coupling is described in the paper. Further, the results of the code validation against the CABRI-2 E9 experimental test, performed at the CABRI reactor using an OPHELIE-6 annular fuel pin irradiated in the PHENIX reactor, are shown and discussed. In the E9 test, a slow power ramp non-failure transient, corresponding to control rod withdrawal conditions, was investigated. New FEMAXI/SIMMER results are compared also to stand-alone SAS-SFR and SIMMER evaluations.

The CABRI experimental pulse reactor, located at the Cadarache nuclear research center, southern France, is devoted to the study of Reactivity Initiated Accidents (RIA). The hodoscope, installed in the CABRI reactor, is a unique online fuel motion monitoring system, operated by IRSN. This equipment is dedicated to the measurement of the fast neutrons emitted by the tested rod, in real time (with a rate of 1ms), during the power pulse. It is one of the distinctive features of the CABRI reactor facility, which is operated by CEA. To support the experimental task around CABRI reactor, by the experimenters who work on the Hodoscope, a Monte Carlo model, using the MORET code, is used by IRSN. This paper presents the main outcomes obtained during the reactor commissioning tests functioning, using Hodoscope results compared to MORET calculations, which proves the validity of the CABRI MORET model. Furthermore, we show how MORET code is used to build the signal-to-mass conversion charts of the Hodoscope.

This paper presents our experimental work to assess the capability to estimate the transient-induced power distribution in the CABRI experimental reactor using Cherenkov radiation. The CABRI reactor is designed to produce a power transient up to 21 GW within a time less than 100 ms in order to irradiate a test fuel pin in condition representative of a Reactivity insertion Accident in pressurized water reactors. The large response range and short response time required to follow the flux evolution during a complete transient makes classical means of detection, such as ionization or fission chamber, inoperative. For that purpose, we suggest to measure Cherenkov light produced within optical fibers. Indeed, Cherenkov light emission is linked to the local electron production, which is proportional to the local gamma flux through the Compton or pair production cross-section, the intensity of Cherenkov radiation is related to the photon flux intensity. The knowledge of the fission photons emitted by the reactor gives direct insight on the fission rate, hence a spatial power density distribution could be reconstructed thanks to the measure of the Cherenkov light at different point in the reactor.

The purpose of this study to analyze student’s spatial abilities to resolve 3D geometry problems through mathematics learning-assisted using Cabri 3D software. The population in this study were students from one of High School Student in Kuningan, West Java. Selection of sample by purposed random sampling, the experimental class is taught mathematics learning-assisted using Cabri 3D, while the control class is taught by conventional learning. This study was quasi-experimental with pretest and posttest control group design. Data analysis using two way anova by linking between learning model with gender factor and early mathematical abilities (KAM). Based on the results; (1) The enhancement of student’s spatial abilities through Cabri 3D was higher than the conventional learning; (2) based on gender, there were no significant effect of student’s spatial abilities who exposed with Cabri 3D and conventional learning; (3) based on KAM, there was significant effect of student’s spatial abilities among ability of high, middle, and low KAM. The differences occur between high, middle and low KAM. (4) based on the questionnaire results, students ‘responses to the positive Cabri 3D positive model, as much as 73.85% agree that learning Cabri 3D can improve understanding, interest and students’ abilities to learn the concept of 3 dimensional geometry. Based on this result, mathematics learning-assisted Cabri 3D can be applied in the process of mathematics learning in high School.

The CABRI experimental pulse reactor, located at the Cadarache nuclear research center, southern France, is devoted to the study of Reactivity Initiated Accidents (RIA) for the purpose of the CABRI International Program (CIP), managed by IRSN in the framework of an OECD/NEA agreement. The hodoscope equipment installed in the CABRI reactor is an almost unique online fuel motion monitoring system, thanks to the measurement of the fast neutrons emitted during a power pulse by a tested rod positioned inside a dedicated test loop reproducing PWR conditions. This system is dedicated to the analysis of fuel displacement. Hence, one of the most important parameter measured by the hodoscope detectors is the Signal over Noise Ratio (SNR), characterizing the fraction of neutrons directly coming from the test rod (“signal”) over neutrons coming from the core (“noise”). It is interesting to calculate the SNR in order to define some quantitative criterions to improve hodoscope measurements and to understand if any modification linked to the test loop may significantly change this essential parameter. Another parameter of interest is the so-called “scattering coefficient”, which corresponds to the fraction of neutrons coming from the test rod and being scattered between their birth and their detection. This parameter is used to enhance the analysis of the fuel displacement which may happen during the power transient. In this article, the method used to calculate the SNR using MCNP6.2 Monte Carlo code will be detailed. Because the hodoscope detectors are located far away from the test rod (up to 4 meters), a 2D model of CABRI core and instrumentation has been implemented. No variance reduction techniques have been used to solve this problem in order to record the place of birth of neutron which contributes to the different scores with the goal to perform a detailed analysis of the SNR. This strategy allows to access numerically to the “scattering coefficient”. Finally, the comparison between calculated and measured SNR for a case study will be carried out. A quite good agreement between the 2D simulations and experiments recently performed in the CABRI reactor has been obtained.

Specific research reactors are capable of reproducing reactivity injection accidents in order to study the behavior of the nuclear fuel pins in accidental situations. In the CABRI research reactor, the fuel pin to be examined (test pin) is placed in the center of the core in a dedicated test loop. It is then subjected to a power transient, obtained by the fast depressurization of the 3 He neutron absorber gas from the transient rods located in the core. One of the central parameters of the experiment is the energy deposition in the test pin, which is currently not measured during a transient. Instead, it is assumed that the relative energy distribution between the core and the test pin is constant regardless the operational state of the reactor. Currently, this correlation is measured in steady state. As such, the impact of the variations in the neutron flux, fuel and moderator temperatures during the transient is assumed equivalent on the energy deposition in the core and in the test pin. The goal of this work is to improve our knowledge on the mechanisms involved in the transient energy deposition. The aim of this paper is to present a methodological approach for the energy deposition estimation during a CABRI transient, based on static Monte Carlo calculations. The results suggest that the transient energy deposition rate is mainly dependent on the helium pressure and the Doppler feedback, and the relative energy distribution between the core and test pin changes during the transient.

The MORET 5 code, which has been developed over more than 50 years at IRSN, has recently evolved, in its continuous energy version, from a criticality oriented code to a code also focused on reactor physics applications. Some developments such as the implementation of kinetics parameters contribute to that evolution. The aim of the paper is to present the validation of the code for the keff multiplication factor used in criticality studies as well as for other parameters commonly used in reactor physics applications. Special attention will be paid on commission tests performed in the CABRI French Reactor (CABRI is a pool-type research reactor operated by CEA and located in the Cadarache site in southern France used to simulate a sudden and instantaneous increase in power, known as a power transient, typical of a reactivity-initiated accident (RIA).) and the IPEN/MB-01 LCT-077 benchmark.