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Broadcasting Hollywood: The Struggle Over Feature Films on Early Television uses extensive archival research into the files of studios, networks, advertising agencies, unions and guilds, theatre associations, the FCC, and key legal cases to analyze the tensions and synergies between the film and television industries in the early years of television. This analysis of the case study of the struggle over Hollywood's feature films appearing on television in the 1940s and 1950s illustrates that the notion of an industry misunderstands the complex array of stakeholders who work in and profit from a media sector, and models a variegated examination of the history of media industries. Ultimately, it draws a parallel to the contemporary period and the introduction of digital media to highlight the fact that history repeats itself and can therefore play a key role in helping media industry scholars and practitioners to understand and navigate contemporary industrial phenomena.

Spokesmen for the three ''early'' programs - ''CBS Early Morning News,'' ''NBC News at Sunrise,'' and ABC's ''World News This Morning'' - all say that their shows can be differentiated from the others, by more aggressive reporting, more up-to- date information and more pleasant and attractive presentations. Similarities for Viewers ''The 'Early Today' show lost its sparkle,'' said Gerry Solomon, the former Washington producer of ''Today,'' who became the executive producer of the new ''Sunrise'' program. ''We realized that it was hurting the 'Today' show and that we needed something new.'' For its new program NBC, in a highly publicized move, brought Miss [Connie Chung] from Los Angeles, where she had been anchoring nightly newscasts for the CBS station, KNXT. The producers of the 6 A.M. to 7 A.M. programs say they are unsure of the size of their potential audience. But all agree that it will be attracted by concise presentations of the major stories of the day. ''Our first priority is really a news index of the day,'' said Bob Ferrante, the executive producer of the ''CBS Morning'' and ''Early Morning News.'' ''Our top priority letting people know what important is happening or not happening before they go to work.''

Background Despite the growing interest in the relation between adiposity in children and different lifestyle clusters, few studies used a longitudinal design to examine a large range of behaviors in various contexts, in particular eating- and sleep-related routines, and few studies have examined these factors in young children. The objectives of this study were to identify clusters of boys and girls based on diet, sleep and activity-related behaviors and their family environment at 2 and 5 years of age, and to assess whether the clusters identified varied across maternal education levels and were associated with body fat at age 5. Methods At 2 and 5 years, respectively, 1436 and 1195 parents from the EDEN mother-child cohort completed a questionnaire including behavioral data. A latent class analysis aimed to uncover gender-specific behavioral clusters. Body fat percentage was estimated by anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance measurements. Association between cluster membership and body fat was assessed with mutivariable linear regression models. Results At 2 years, two clusters emerged that were essentially characterized by opposite eating habits. At 5 years, TV exposure was the most distinguishing feature, but the numbers and types of clusters differed by gender. An association between cluster membership and body fat was found only in girls at 5 years of age, with girls in the cluster defined by very high TV exposure and unfavorable mealtime habits (despite high outdoor playing and walking time) having the highest body fat. Girls whose mother had low educational attainment were more likely to be in this high-risk cluster. Girls who were on a cluster evolution path corresponding to the highest TV viewing time and the least favorable mealtime habits from 2 to 5 years of age had higher body fat at 5 years. Conclusions Efforts to decrease TV time and improve mealtime routines may hold promise for preventing overweight in young children, especially girls growing up in disadvantaged families. These preventive efforts should start as early in life as possible, ideally before the age of two, and should be sustained over the preschool years.

Patton Chiles, director of the Missouri Historical Society's theater-in-residence, and her cast of veterans - John Contini, Whit Reichert, Rosemary Watts ([Joe Dreyer]'s real-life wife) and Susie Wall - have a ball re-creating vintage material from the \"Golden Age\" of each medium. Since Dreyer and Chiles simultaneously deride those commercials while exploiting their nostalgic, emotional value, they undercut their own points. Maybe they didn't give themselves enough of a chance to make them. Both Dreyer and Chiles have said that \"Air Waves\" included several plays before the script was cut. A different cut - for example, one that concentrated on radio and another on television - might have provided plenty of entertainment for one play this season and another next year, with less skimping on business, on technology and on memory.

Background Accurately measuring parents’ attitudes and beliefs regarding limiting their children’s TV viewing is important to inform the design and evaluation of effective interventions. This manuscript assesses the internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and construct validity of the Model of Goal Directed Behavior (MGDB) scales among parents of Latino preschoolers to characterize Latino parents’ attitudes and beliefs toward limiting their preschoolers’ TV viewing. Method Participants included parents of Latino preschoolers in the United States, 3–5 years old ( n  = 186). Parents completed a socio-demographic survey and the 105-item MGDB questionnaire (Attitudes, Perceived Positive/Negative Behavioral Control, Subjective Norms, Positive and Negative Anticipated Emotions, Habits, Self-Efficacy, Desires, and Intentions surrounding their child’s TV viewing) which was used to measure internal consistency reliability and construct validity. A subsample of participants completed the questionnaire twice to measure test-retest reliability. Further, parents completed a 7-day TV viewing diary for their preschooler, and a TV parenting practices questionnaire as measures of convergent validity. Results Internal consistency reliability was generally acceptable for the MGDB scales (Cronbach’s alphas> 0.7), except for the Desires scale, which was revealed to have two factors and the Attitudes and Perceived Behavioral Control scales. Test-retest reliability over 2 months had negligible to moderate correlations ( r ’s = 0.28 to 0.61). Two structural equation models were conducted. One yielded acceptable model fit ( x 2 (97) = 113.65, p  = .119) and the other had questionable model fit ( x 2 (97) = 125.39; p  = .028). Testing convergent validity, only two MGDB scales (Habits and Self-Efficacy) were positively correlated with the TV parenting practices questionnaire ( r ’s = 0.33 to 0.51), and none were meaningfully correlated with preschoolers’ mean daily TV viewing. Conclusions Initial reliability and validity for some of the MGDB scales appear acceptable among parents of Latino preschoolers. Refinement of the instrument and testing among larger samples is necessary to fully evaluate psychometric properties. This instrument may be useful for characterizing Latino parents’ attitudes and beliefs toward limiting their preschoolers’ TV viewing and informing future TV reduction interventions. Trial registration Clinical Trials NCT01216306 Registered October 6, 2010.

This study examined preteens’ screen media use and potential differences in media use by child and family demographics among 1464 Dutch preteens. The results demonstrated that watching TV is still a very popular activity among children. However, other electronic media are also popular within this age group as 72 % of preteens had a cellphone. Children who spoke a language other than Dutch and whose parents were born abroad were heavier media users. Children with more books in the home and who read more frequently tended to be lighter media users. Boys spent more time on screen media than girls and were more likely to play videogames while girls preferred using social media. This study demonstrated that child and home characteristics play a significant role in children’s engagement with screen media and literacy

Television existed for a long time before it became commonplace in American homes. Even as cars, jazz, film, and radio heralded the modern age, television haunted the modern imagination. During the 1920s and 1930s, U.S. television was a topic of conversation and speculation. Was it technically feasible? Could it be commercially viable? What would it look like? How might it serve the public interest? And what was its place in the modern future? These questions were not just asked by the American public, but also posed by the people intimately involved in television's creation. Their answers may have been self-serving, but they were also statements of aspiration. Idealistic imaginations of the medium and its impact on social relations became a de facto plan for moving beyond film and radio into a new era.InTelevision in the Age of Radio, Philip W. Sewell offers a unique account of how television came to be-not just from technical innovations or institutional struggles, but from cultural concerns that were central to the rise of industrial modernity. This book provides sustained investigations of the values of early television amateurs and enthusiasts, the fervors and worries about competing technologies, and the ambitions for programming that together helped mold the medium.Sewell presents a major revision of the history of television, telling us about the nature of new media and how hopes for the future pull together diverse perspectives that shape technologies, industries, and audiences.