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Objective: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of 4 MHz monopolar radiofrequency in enhancing facial wrinkles. Methods: A prospective experimental study was conducted involving 62 facial skin aging patients treated at the Medical Cosmetic Dermatology Department of Shangqiu First People’s Hospital between June 2022 and December 2022. These patients received treatment using a 4 MHz monopolar radiofrequency device. Patients with facial skin aging underwent Fitzpatrick facial wrinkle grading and VISIA image acquisition at baseline, immediately after treatment, and 30‐ and 90‐days post‐treatment; adverse events were also recorded. Results: After administering noninvasive radiofrequency treatment to 62 patients with facial skin aging, 41 demonstrated significant improvement 90 days post‐treatment, with 17 classified as effective and 4 as ineffective. The overall clinical effectiveness rate was 93.55%. Ninety days following radiofrequency therapy, Fitzpatrick facial wrinkle grading was repeated for the patients with facial skin aging. Fifteen patients were classified as Grade I, 28 as Grade II, and 19 as Grade III, revealing significant differences before and after treatment ( χ 2 = 16.1, p = 0.013). Adverse reactions were limited to mild erythema and edema, and no complications such as postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, epidermal burns, fat atrophy, or scarring, were observed in any patients. Conclusion: The application of monopolar radiofrequency for facial rejuvenation is safe, effective, and associated with minimal adverse reactions.

This paper analyzes the power flow solution in bipolar direct current networks with radial structures considering multiple monopolar and bipolar constant power loads. The electrical configuration of the bipolar DC grid considers that the reference pole is non-grounded along the feeder, which produces important neutral currents and voltage imbalances along the DC grid. The power flow problem is formulated through the triangular-based representation of the grid topology, which generates a recursive formulation that allows determining the voltage values in the demand nodes through an iterative procedure. The linear convergence of the triangular-based power flow method is tested through multiple load variations with respect to the nominal grid operative condition. Numerical results in the 21- and the 85-bus grids reveal the relevant variations in the voltage profiles and total grid power losses when the neutral cable is solidly grounded or not.

Objective To illustrate improved posttonsillectomy hemorrhage rates with a novel cost‐effective monopolar intracapsular tonsillectomy (ICT) technique. Study Design Retrospective cohort. Setting Single physician's experience at a Midwest private practice. Methods A single surgeon's chart review of 576 pediatric patients who underwent a tonsillectomy in the last 20 years was completed. In total, 331 cases were treated with ICT performed with a novel monopolar bovie electrocautery technique, as opposed to the more widely used microdebrider or coblator techniques. In total, 246 were treated with the traditional extracapsular tonsillectomy (ECT) technique using monopolar electrocautery. Results Of the 331 ICTs performed, one postoperative hemorrhage requiring intervention was identified, resulting in an ICT postoperative bleed rate of 0.3%. Of the 246 ECTs performed, 9 postoperative bleeds requiring intervention were identified, resulting in an ECT postoperative bleed rate of 3.7%. In this cohort, the relative risk of developing a bleed with ECT was 12 times higher than the bleed risk with ICT (P = .018). Every 30 cases of ICT prevented one tonsil bleed (number needed to treat [NNT] = 29.8). Potential savings of ICT with monopolar cautery is$1.5 to $ 1.6 million for every 10,000 cases that transition to ICT with electrocautery from a microdebrider or coblator technique. Conclusion ICT with monopolar electrocautery resulted in a significantly decreased bleed rate compared to the ECT technique in this single surgeon experience and at a much lower cost compared to the more widely used microdebrider or coblator techniques.

PurposeThe overexpression of mitotic kinase monopolar spindle 1 (Mps1) has been identified in many tumor types, and targeting Mps1 for tumor therapy has shown great promise in multiple preclinical cancer models. However, the role played by Mps1 in tamoxifen (TAM) resistance in breast cancer has never been reported.MethodsThe sensitivity of breast cancer cells to tamoxifen was analysed in colony formation assays and wound healing assays. Enhanced transactivational activity of estrogen receptor α (ERα) led by Mps1 overexpression was determined by luciferase assays. The interaction between Mps1 and ERα was verified by co-immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assay. Phosphorylation of ERα by Mps1 was detected by in vitro kinase assay and such phosphorylation process in vivo was proven by co-immunoprecipitation. The potential phosphorylation site(s) of ERα were analyzed by mass spectrometry.ResultsMps1 determines the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to tamoxifen treatment. Mps1 overexpression rendered breast cancer cells more resistant to tamoxifen, while an Mps1 inhibitor or siMps1 oligos enabled cancer cells to overcome tamoxifen resistance. Mechanistically, Mps1 interacted with estrogen receptor α and stimulated its transactivational activity in a kinase activity-dependent manner. Mps1 was critical for ERα phosphorylation at Thr224 amino acid site. Importantly, Mps1 failed to enhance the transactivational activity of the ERα-T224A mutant.ConclusionMps1 contributes to tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer and is a potential therapeutic that can overcome tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer.

For the availability of drinking water, saline water treatment has become exceedingly necessary. The purpose of this research was to determine how efficient electrocoagulation (EC) with monopolar iron electrodes was for desalinating water from Iraq’s Sawa Lake. Absolute dissolved solids (TDS), chloride (Cl), bromine (Br), and sulfate (SO4) are some of the salty water forms that are being targeted. The impacts of five considerations on treatment efficiency were studied, including current (I), detention time (RT), pH, speed of mixing stirring (Mrpm), and inter-electrode distance (IED). I=0.8A, RT=80 minutes, pH=8, IED=1cm, and Mrpm=500 were found to be the best values. TDS, Cl, Br and SO4 removal efficiencies were 91 percent, 93 percent, 92 percent, and 90 percent, respectively, under ideal conditions. It can be inferred that the EC system used in this research was operative in removing salts from the water of Sawa lake.

Chronic wounds impose a significant financial burden for the healthcare system. Currently, assessment and monitoring of hard-to-heal wounds are often based on visual means and measuring the size of the wound. The primary wound dressings must be removed before assessment can be done. We have developed a quasi-monopolar bioimpedance-measurement-based method and a measurement system to determine the status of wound healing. The objective of this study was to demonstrate that with an appropriate setup, long-term monitoring of wound healing from beneath the primary dressings is feasible. The developed multielectrode sensor array was applied on the wound area and left under the primary dressings for 142 h. The impedance of the wounds and the surrounding intact skin area was measured regularly during the study at 150 Hz, 300 Hz, 1 kHz, and 5 kHz frequencies. At the end of the follow-up period, the wound impedance had reached the impedance of the intact skin at the higher frequencies and increased significantly at the lowest frequencies. The measurement frequency affected the measurement sensitivity in wound monitoring. The skin impedance remained stable over the measurement period. The sensor array also enabled the administration of periodical low-intensity direct current (LIDC) stimulation in order to create an antimicrobial environment across the wound area via the controlled formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

Upper eyelid rejuvenation with monopolar radiofrequency (MRF) is a minimally invasive option for patients with eyelid laxity. However, outcomes vary widely, and conventional evaluation methods rely on subjective photographic assessment and physician judgment, which are prone to observer bias and limited reproducibility. This lack of standardized, objective outcome measures complicates treatment planning and patient counseling. To develop and validate a deep learning-based automated scoring system for predicting and assessing clinical outcomes following eyelid MRF treatment. A retrospective, multicenter study of 50 patients (47 women, 3 men) treated with eyelid MRF was conducted. Pre- and post-treatment images were used to train a hybrid model combining a convolutional neural network (CNN) and U-Net architecture. The U-Net performed periorbital segmentation, while the CNN generated quantitative improvement scores. Ground truth ratings were provided by five board-certified dermatologists. Model performance was evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The CNN-U-Net model achieved a RMSE of 0.4 and a MAPE of 0.08, with predicted scores closely aligning with dermatologist evaluations. No significant differences in predictive accuracy were observed across patient age or sex subgroups. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the feasibility of an automated deep learning-based scoring system for eyelid MRF outcomes. By providing objective, consistent, and reproducible evaluations, the system has the potential to enhance patient counseling, guide individualized treatment planning, and enable standardized research comparisons across clinics. Larger and more diverse datasets with longer follow-up are needed for further validation.

Genicular nerve radiofrequency ablation (GNRFA), including conventional, cooled, and pulsed techniques, has been used in the treatment of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to compare conventional and trident GNRFA application methods, to evaluate the characteristics of fluoroscopy use and to evaluate the differences in terms of x-ray exposure. Observational study and original research. This work was conducted at Adana City Hospital, Adana, Turkey. A 3-pronged radiofrequency ablation (RFA) cannula was pushed under C-arm fluoroscopic guidance to known sites of the superomedial genicular nerve, superolateral genicular nerve, inferomedial genicular nerve, nerve to vastus medialis, nerve to vastus lateralis and nerve to vastus intermedius shortly after suitable placement, sterile preparation, and subcutaneous anaesthesia. All patients were exposed to ablation at RF 90°C for 60 seconds. The study included 41 patients, 28 (68.3%) women and 13 (31.7%) men, with a mean age of 68.2 ± 7.0 years. Conventional and Trident™ GNRFA was performed in 22 and 19 patients, respectively. The median radioactivity exposure in the conventional GNRFA group was 0.14 (0.11/0.17) mGy, while the median radioactivity exposure in the Trident™ group was 0.11 (0.06/0.17) (P < 0.001). WOMAC scores between the baseline and first- and third-month post-treatment in the Trident™ group were significantly higher than in the conventional group (P = 0.018 and P = 0.006, respectively). In both treatment groups, the improvement in VAS and WOMAC scores was significant at one month and continued similarly at 3 months. The study's limitations include a small sample size and a lack of blinding due to the study design, which may have introduced bias. GNRFA using a lateral approach and a Trident™ cannula offers significant advantages, including better improvement in WOMAC scores, shorter procedure times, fewer fluoroscopy shots, and reduced radiation exposure.

A microstrip-fed compact multi-band slot antenna using a single split-ring resonator (SRR) is proposed. The SRR acting as a loading element introduces multiple lower-order resonances in the antenna, which can be controlled by varying the SRR's dimensions as well as its position with respect to the arm of the slot, without altering the geometry of the radiating slot. The concept is validated by a full-wave simulation study and by measurement on a fabricated prototype. The proposed antenna has satisfactory gain and monopolar radiation patterns in all the operating bands.