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Little Train happily ventures out on the railroad track alone for the first time, but when he reaches the end of the tracks, it is getting dark and Little Train is worried until he recalls what his parents said about finding his way home.

Purpose – The purposes of this study were to explore the aspects of crisis destinations that tourists described in their YouTube vlogs, and their co-creation motives. Methodology/Design/Approach – A purposive sampling was drawn to select ten videos uploaded to YouTube during the crisis in Sri Lanka based on keyword searches. A thematic analysis was employed to analyse the verbatim content of the videos using QDA Miner Lite software. Findings – The findings revealed that tourists who share their experiences in YouTube vlogs tend to provide information about the crisis, tourist safety, and their self-reflection as vloggers. They co-create cognitive information and share empathetic content about incidents they have encountered at the destinations. Further, tourists co-create content for different motives: to receive rewards, for entertainment purposes, to help other tourists, and to support affected locals in destinations in crisis areas with their contributions in YouTube travel vlogs. Originality of the research – Vlogging on social media is becoming a popular trend, and tourists’ co-creations on travel vlogs are attracting the attention of many stakeholders in the tourism industry. However, co-creating tourist travel experiences in developing destinations during a crisis through YouTube travel vlogs is still an under-researched area

While the effects of vacation on tourists have been frequently discussed in the Western context, research endeavors to understand such effects in a non-Western context are rather limited. The current study aimed at investigating Chinese tourists’ subjective well-being and its potential changes associated with vacation experiences. The survey of 302 Chinese tourists confirmed the positive effect of satisfaction with service aspects of travel/tourism phases on satisfaction with travel/tourism services, the positive effect of trip reflections and satisfaction with travel/tourism services on satisfaction with travel experiences, and the direct positive effect of satisfaction with travel experiences on travelers’ SWB. This study further explored the corresponding roles of travel duration and frequency. The results suggested a moderating effect of vacation duration on the link between tourist satisfaction and SWB; vacation frequency did not have such an effect. Theoretical and managerial implications of the findings were discussed, followed by recommendations for future research.

Purpose This study aims to explore tourism live streamers’ motivations of sharing their travel experiences based on the grounded theory. Design/methodology/approach The use of purposive and snowball sampling methods was used to conduct 22 in-depth semi-structured interviews. The manuscript was analyzed based on the grounded theory. Findings This study identifies five tourism live streamers’ motivations of sharing their travel experience, including information sharing, entertainment, self-presentation, monetary incentives and socialization. Information sharing and entertainment are identified as the most important motivations of travel livestreaming (TLS) among the motivations. Monetary incentive is identified as a new motivation for tourism live streamers compared to other social media users. Research limitations/implications This study provides valuable suggestions for livestreaming platforms and tourism product providers to attract more tourism live streamers and better serve them. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the first studies to offer empirical findings and discussions on tourism live streamers’ motivations of sharing their travel experiences. 目的 本研究旨在基于扎根理论探讨旅游直播主分享旅游体验的动机。 设计/方法 使用目的性和滚雪球抽样方法进行了22个深入的半结构化访谈。 本研究采用扎根理论对数据进行分析。 发现 本研究发现了五种旅游直播主分享旅游体验的动机, 包括信息共享、娱乐、自我展示、金钱激励和社交。信息共享和娱乐被认为是旅游直播最重要的动机。与其他社交媒体的用户相比, 货币激励被认为是旅游直播的新动机。 研究意义 本研究为直播平台和旅游产品提供商提供有用的建议, 以吸引更多的旅游直播者并更好地为他们服务。 创意/价值 这是对旅游直播主分享旅游体验的动机提供实证研究结果和讨论的首批研究之一。 Propósito este estudio tiene como objetivo explorar las motivaciones de los transmisores en vivo del turismo para compartir sus experiencias de viaje según la teoría fundamentada. Diseño/metodología/enfoque Des méthodes d'échantillonnage raisonné et boule de neige ont été utilisées pour mener 22 entrevues semi-structurées approfondies. Le manuscrit a été analysé sur la base de la théorie ancrée. Hallazgos este estudio identifica las motivaciones de cinco transmisores en vivo del turismo para compartir su experiencia de viaje, incluido el intercambio de información, el entretenimiento, la autopresentación, los incentivos monetarios y la socialización. El intercambio de información y el entretenimiento se identifican como las motivaciones más importantes de la transmisión en vivo de viajes (TLS) entre las motivaciones. El incentivo monetario se identifica como una nueva motivación para el transmisor en vivo del turismo en comparación con los usuarios de otras redes sociales. Limitaciones/implicaciones de la investigación este estudio proporciona sugerencias útiles para que las plataformas de transmisión en vivo y los proveedores de productos turísticos atraigan a más transmisores turísticos en vivo y les brinden un mejor servicio. Originalidad/valor este es uno de los primeros estudios que ofrece hallazgos empíricos y debates sobre las motivaciones de los transmisores en vivo del turismo para compartir sus experiencias de viaje.

The aim of the presented research was to quantitatively assess the extent to which behavioral factors (travel experience and autonomy in travel) and psychological factors (perceived travel stress and social discomfort) influence the desire to travel and explore new places among students belonging to Generation Z (Gen Z). The research was conducted in October 2024 on a sample of 404 respondents from the Alexander Dubček University of Trenčín, with the target group being students at the bachelor’s and master’s levels of study. Data collection was carried out through an online questionnaire, the content of which focused on four key areas: travel experience, autonomy in travel, perception of travel-related stress, and social discomfort during interaction in a foreign environment. The data analysis was conducted using correlation and multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the most significant positive predictor of the desire to travel was the number of countries visited ( = 0.1927; < 0.01), while the perception of travel as a stressful factor had a statistically significant negative impact ( = –0.1563; < 0.001). Other variables – willingness to travel alone and discomfort when ordering food – did not show statistical significance. Nonetheless, the model as a whole was statistically significant ( = 8.58; < 0.001). These findings confirm the importance of behavioral and psychological factors in shaping travel motivation among young people. The research provides practical recommendations – such as strengthening students’ travel competencies through international mobility and simultaneously reducing psychological barriers through the development of adaptation strategies. The results also provide a foundation for further research that could analyze a broader range of personality, value-based, and socio-environmental determinants of Gen Z’s travel behavior.

This research aims at expanding the scope of travel satisfaction by incorporating subjective elements in the evaluation of worthwhileness of travel time proposed by the H2020 MoTiV project, using a European-wide mobility dataset collected in 2019. Trip characteristics, mood, socio-demographic characteristics, experience factors, travel activities and weather were analysed to explore their influence on travellers’ perception of worthwhileness of travel time. The analysis was performed separately for five different transport mode categories using Structural Equation Models. The empirical analysis of this research indicates the high significance of enjoyment in terms of making a trip worthwhile for all transport modes. The results also revealed mode-specific experience factors that play an important role in shaping travel experience which could be addressed to improve the quality of travel time. It is expected that these results can support a shift towards a more human-centric approach in urban mobility plans as well as pave the way for more inclusive transport policies.

This study explored the relationships between destination attractiveness, satisfaction, the sense of reliving, and loyalty among American tourists who had experienced Silk Road tourism in Uzbekistan. In addition, this study investigated the mediating role of the sense of reliving with regard to satisfaction and loyalty. A total of 477 respondents participated and were used for the final analysis. The results suggest that destination attractiveness includes multidimensional constructs consisting of five dimensions, namely, cultural attractiveness, natural attractiveness, the local people and superstructure, infrastructure, and price attractiveness. Cultural attractiveness, the warm hospitality of local people, and the superstructure appear to be the competitive attributes of Silk Road tourism in Uzbekistan affecting tourist satisfaction. Furthermore, the results reveal that tourist satisfaction increases loyalty. A mediating role of the sense of reliving with regard to satisfaction and loyalty was also confirmed. Tourists remember their travel experiences upon returning home, relive Silk Road travel experiences, and demonstrate their behavioral intentions. These findings can provide a deeper understanding of destination attractiveness and memorable experiences for increasing loyalty to destinations related to Silk Road tourism in Uzbekistan.

Travel is increasingly imagined as a sociotechnical practice wherein ICTs are integrated with experience. In this context, in addition to the movement of the traveler within and between places, and encounters with peoples, cultures, and landscapes, the activity of travel is constituted within various forms of online interactions. Emphasizing this point, emerging industry and theoretical paradigms such as \"smart tourism\" propose the use of social media and digital devices as ubiquitous and essential to the future of tourism. This article uses the theoretical concept of mediatization-the integration and influence of media forms within social practice-to explore how the embeddedness of ICTs influences tourism, focusing on the avatar of online communication in particular. ICTs bridge distances in time and space, support the construction of personal identity and community, and channel the data flows permitting informationization, with these characteristics likewise being reflected in the textures of contemporary tourism. Tourists' use of ICTs is conceptualized through the model of the \"dual journey,\" a vision of hybridized travel in which online and physical spheres are interwoven in the construction and consumption of tourist experience. The purpose of this conceptual investigation is not only to consider the intensification of communication within tourism but also to highlight the ways in which tourists' communicative practices are enfolded within, and become, tourism.

This paper investigates the application of exploring spatial clustering techniques in travel recommendation systems to improve recommendation accuracy and user satisfaction. A system that can provide personalized travel information has been designed by analyzing the spatial data and behavioral patterns of travelers. With this approach, the travel experience can be optimized by considering geographic location, user preferences, and tourist attraction characteristics. User data and attraction characteristics are analyzed in this paper to obtain accurate travel recommendations. Combining the traveler’s interest matrix and the attraction area heat algorithm is used to optimize the recommendation process. This recommender system reduces the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) by 0.487% and 21-60%, respectively, compared with the traditional algorithm in the travel recommendation error analysis, and improves the accuracy rate to 96.33%, with a significant increase in the recall rate. The spatial clustering cluster analysis demonstrates that the chosen number of clusters can effectively enhance the clustering quality and maximize the recommendation results. By effectively utilizing spatial data of users and attractions, the system can provide personalized travel recommendations and improve user experience with high accuracy and recall, demonstrating better recommendation performance than traditional methods.

PurposeBuilding on a small body of work, the authors' study aims to investigate some important antecedents of online review characteristics in the Chinese restaurant industry.Design/methodology/approachUsing a data set of restaurant reviews collected from a most popular review platform in China, the authors conduct a series of analyses to examine the influence of travel experience and travel distance on travelers' review characteristics in terms of review rating and media richness. The moderating effect of restaurant price on the influence is also investigated.FindingsTravelers with a longer travel distance and more travel experience tend to provide higher and lower online ratings, respectively, which can be explained by the construal level theory (CLT) and the expectation-confirmation theory (ECT), respectively. Furthermore, these strong feelings can then induce travelers to post enriched reviews with more pictures, more words and more affective words to release consumption tension. Besides, restaurant price can moderate these relationships.Originality/valueDistinguished from most studies which mainly focus on the consequences of online review characteristics or antecedents of review helpfulness, the authors pay attention to the effects of travelers' individual differences in terms of travel distance and travel experience on travelers' online reviewing behavior. In addition to review rating, the authors also focus on media richness in terms of visual and textual information. The authors' research findings can benefit restaurant consumers and managers for their online word-of-mouth utilization and management.