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Abstract The midcycle surge of LH sets in motion interconnected networks of signaling cascades to bring about rupture of the follicle and release of the oocyte during ovulation. Many mediators of these LH-induced signaling cascades are associated with inflammation, leading to the postulate that ovulation is similar to an inflammatory response. First responders to the LH surge are granulosa and theca cells, which produce steroids, prostaglandins, chemokines, and cytokines, which are also mediators of inflammatory processes. These mediators, in turn, activate both nonimmune ovarian cells as well as resident immune cells within the ovary; additional immune cells are also attracted to the ovary. Collectively, these cells regulate proteolytic pathways to reorganize the follicular stroma, disrupt the granulosa cell basal lamina, and facilitate invasion of vascular endothelial cells. LH-induced mediators initiate cumulus expansion and cumulus oocyte complex detachment, whereas the follicular apex undergoes extensive extracellular matrix remodeling and a loss of the surface epithelium. The remainder of the follicle undergoes rapid angiogenesis and functional differentiation of granulosa and theca cells. Ultimately, these functional and structural changes culminate in follicular rupture and oocyte release. Throughout the ovulatory process, the importance of inflammatory responses is highlighted by the commonalities and similarities between many of these events associated with ovulation and inflammation. However, ovulation includes processes that are distinct from inflammation, such as regulation of steroid action, oocyte maturation, and the eventual release of the oocyte. This review focuses on the commonalities between inflammatory responses and the process of ovulation.

In this paper we investigate the existence and uniqueness of semilinear stochastic Volterra equations driven by multiplicative Lévy noise of pure jump type. In particular, we consider the equation where Z and Z L are Banach spaces, η̃ is a time-homogeneous compensated Poisson random measure on Z with intensity measure ν (capturing the small jumps), and η L is a time-homogeneous Poisson random measure on Z L independent to η̃ with finite intensity measure ν L (capturing the large jumps). Here, A is a selfadjoint operator on a Hilbert space H , b is a scalar memory function and F , G and G L are nonlinear mappings. We provide conditions on b , F G and G L under which a unique global solution exists. We also present an example from the theory of linear viscoelasticity where our result is applicable. The specific kernel b ( t ) = c ρ t ρ −2 , 1 < ρ < 2, corresponds to a fractional-in-time stochastic equation and the nonlinear maps F and G can include fractional powers of A .

Issue Title: LIGHTCONE 2013 We examine dynamical radiation reaction in lightfront QED. We take the classical limit and compare with predictions from various classical equations of motion.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]