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Drawing Enhances Memory for Emotional Words
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Drawing Enhances Memory for Emotional Words
Drawing Enhances Memory for Emotional Words
Journal Article

Drawing Enhances Memory for Emotional Words

2023
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Overview
Past work has demonstrated that drawing a sketch, compared to writing during encoding, improves memory of to-be-remembered words, pictures, and academic terms. We examined whether this benefit extended to emotional materials. In Experiment 1, negative, positive, and neutral words were presented in an encoding phase, with intermixed prompts to either write out or draw a picture representing the word. Participants later freely recalled words by writing them out. Recall was higher for words drawn than for words written at encoding, and the magnitude of the benefit was differentially enhanced for emotional compared to neutral words. In Experiment 2, negative, positive, and neutral words were again presented but encoding type was compared using pure lists between participants. The pattern of memory performance replicated that observed in Experiment 1. Further, the use of drawing as an encoding technique interacted with emotionality, whereby emotional words that were drawn were best remembered. Our results demonstrate that the memory benefit conferred by drawing at encoding extends to emotional materials. Our findings suggest that the use of drawing as an encoding strategy, and the emotionality of the stimulus itself, contributes independently to enhance retention. Des travaux antérieurs ont démontré que, comparativement à l'écriture pendant l'encodage, dessiner un croquis améliore davantage la mémoire des mots, des images et des termes académiques à retenir. Nous avons examiné si cet avantage pouvait aussi s'appliquer aux matériaux émotionnels. Dans l'expérience 1, des mots négatifs, positifs et neutres ont été présentés dans une phase d'encodage, avec des invites entremêlées pour écrire ou dessiner une image représentant le mot. Les participants se souvenaient ensuite librement des mots en les écrivant. Le rappel était plus élevé pour les mots dessinés que pour les mots écrits lors de l'encodage, et le bénéfice mémoriel augmentait différemment pour les mots émotionnels par rapport aux mots neutres. Dans l'expérience 2, des mots négatifs, positifs et neutres ont de nouveau été présentés, mais le type d'encodage a été comparé à l'aide de listes pures entre les participants. Le modèle de performance de la mémoire a reproduit celui observé dans l'expérience 1. De plus, l'utilisation du dessin comme technique d'encodage interagissait avec l'émotivité, selon laquelle les mots émotionnels dessinés étaient mieux mémorisés. Nos résultats démontrent que le bénéfice mémoriel conféré par le dessin à l'encodage s'étend aux matériaux émotionnels. Nos découvertes suggèrent que l'utilisation du dessin comme stratégie d'encodage, et l'émotion suscitée par le stimulus lui-même, contribuent indépendamment à améliorer la rétention. Public Significance Statement The use of drawing as an encoding technique has been previously shown to benefit later recall of neutral information. Emotional relative to neutral materials are also known to be more memorable. The present study showcases the generalizability of drawing as an effective encoding technique that can further augment memory for emotional material.
Publisher
Educational Publishing Foundation,Canadian Psychological Association