eBook

The global HIV epidemics among sex workers

Baral, Stefan, Beyer, Chris, Wirtz, Andrea, N'Jie, N'Della, Oelrichs, Robert, Stanciole, Anderson, Butler, Jenny, Kerrigan, Deanna

2013,2012

Overview

Since the beginning of the epidemic sex workers have experienced a heightened burden of HIV across settings, despite their higher levels of HIV protective behaviors (UNAIDS, 2009). Unfairly, sex workers have often been framed as 'vectors of disease' and 'core transmitters' rather than workers and human beings with rights in terms of HIV prevention and beyond. By gaining a deeper understanding of the epidemiologic and broader policy and social context within which sex work is set one begins to quickly gain a sense of the complex backdrop for increased risk to HIV among sex workers. This backdrop includes the critical role of stigma, discrimination and violence faced by sex workers, as well as, the importance of community empowerment and mobilization among sex workers to address these regressive forces. The eight country case studies work to highlight the experiences of diverse populations of and contexts for sex work across settings. Given the limited epidemiologic and intervention evaluation data available among male and transgender sex workers, however, our collaborative team (Johns Hopkins University, or JHU, World Bank, United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), and Global Network of Sex Work Projects, or NSWP) determined that the systematic review, mathematical modeling and cost-effective analyses would focus on female sex workers. Throughout the process of this analysis as a whole, the participation of sex worker perspectives and sex worker organizations such as NSWP and their regional partners has been critical by providing documents and resources, input and consultation throughout the analytical process.

• Publisher: THE WORLD BANK,World Bank,World Bank Publications,The World Bank
• Subject: 21st century / ACCESS TO CONDOMS / ACCESS TO TREATMENT / ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME / ADULT POPULATION / AGED / AIDS / AIDS RELIEF / ANTENATAL CARE / ANTENATAL CLINICS / BASIC PREVENTION / BEHAVIORAL SURVEILLANCE / BURDEN OF DISEASE / CLINICAL SERVICES / COMMERCIAL SEX / COMMERCIAL SEX WORKER / CONDOM / CONSISTENT CONDOM USE / DISCRIMINATION / DISEASE / DISEASE BURDEN / DISEASE CONTROL / Diseases / DRUG USER / EMERGENCY PLAN / EPIDEMIC / EPIDEMIC SCENARIOS / EPIDEMICS / EPIDEMIOLOGY / EQUAL ACCESS / FEMALE SEX WORKERS / GLOBAL AIDS RESPONSE / GLOBAL HEALTH / GROSS NATIONAL INCOME / Health promotion / HEALTH SURVEYS / HEPATITIS / HIV / HIV EPIDEMICS / HIV INFECTION / HIV INFECTIONS / HIV Infections -- epidemiology / HIV Infections -- prevention & control -- Statistics / HIV POSITIVE / HIV PREVALENCE / HIV PREVENTION / HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS / HIV TESTING / HIV TRANSMISSION / HIV/AIDS / HUMAN BEINGS / HUMAN DEVELOPMENT / HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS / HUMAN RIGHTS / Human Rights -- Statistics / HUMAN RIGHTS IMPERATIVE / HUMAN TRAFFICKING / IMMUNE DEFICIENCY / IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME / IMMUNODEFICIENCY / IMPACT OF VIOLENCE / INCIDENCE OF HIV / INFECTIONS / INFECTIONS AMONG ADULTS / INJECTING DRUG USE / INJECTION DRUG / INJECTION DRUG USE / INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE / INTIMATE PARTNERS / LACK OF INFORMATION / LEGAL STATUS / LOW PREVALENCE / MALARIA / MALE CLIENTS / MALE SEX / MEDICAL CARE / MEDICAL COSTS / MIGRATION / MINISTRY OF HEALTH / MOTHER-TO-CHILD / NATIONAL AIDS / NATIONAL AIDS COMMISSION / NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE / NEW INFECTIONS / NUMBER OF NEW INFECTIONS / NUMBER OF PEOPLE / NUMBER OF WOMEN / NURSING / NUTRITION / PEER EDUCATION / PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV / POLICY MAKERS / POLITICAL PARTICIPATION / PREGNANT WOMEN / Prevention / PREVENTION AND CARE / PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS / PREVENTION OF MOTHER / PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION / PREVENTION STRATEGIES / PROSTITUTE / PROSTITUTES / PROSTITUTION / PUBLIC HEALTH / PUBLIC POLICY / RAPE / REPRODUCTIVE AGE / RESOURCE ALLOCATION / RESOURCE ALLOCATIONS / RIGHTS ORGANIZATIONS / RISK FACTORS / RISK POPULATIONS / RISK STATUS / SAFE SEX / SERVICE PROVISION / SEX / SEX PRACTICES / SEX WITH MEN / SEX WORK / SEX WORKER / SEX WORKER ORGANIZATIONS / SEX WORKERS / Sex Workers -- Statistics / SEXUAL BEHAVIOR / SEXUAL PARTNERS / SEXUAL PARTNERSHIPS / SEXUAL PRACTICES / SEXUAL VIOLENCE / SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION / SOCIAL COHESION / SOCIAL MOBILIZATION / SOCIAL SCIENCE / SOCIAL SERVICES / STIS / SURVEILLANCE DATA / THERAPY / TREATMENT AND CARE / TREATMENT SERVICES / TUBERCULOSIS / UNAIDS / UNFPA / UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND / UNIVERSAL ACCESS / UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO TREATMENT / VECTORS / VIOLENCE / VULNERABILITY / WORKING CONDITIONS / World Health / World Health -- Statistics / WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
• ISBN: 0821397745, 9780821397749, 9780821397756, 0821397753