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Historical droughts in the Qing dynasty (1644–1911) of China
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Historical droughts in the Qing dynasty (1644–1911) of China
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Journal Article
Historical droughts in the Qing dynasty (1644–1911) of China
2020
Overview
This study presents a new epistemological analysis of drought
chronology through a well-defined methodology for reconstructing past
drought series, as well as series of other associated ecological and societal
impact variables. Instead of building a grading system based on mixed
criteria, this method facilitates transparency in the reconstruction process and
enables the statistical examination of all variables when building series. The
data for the present study are derived mainly from the REACHES (Reconstructed East Asian Climate Historical Encoded Series) database;
however, other archival documentary and index data from independent sources
are also applied to understand drought narratives and to cross-check and
validate the analysis derived from REACHES. From the time series analysis,
six severe drought periods are identified in the Qing dynasty, and then a
spatial analysis is performed to demonstrate the spatial distribution of drought
and other variables in the six periods, as well as a social network analysis to
reveal connections between drought and other ecological and societal
variables. Research results clearly illustrate the role of human
intervention in influencing the impacts of drought and their societal consequences.
Particularly, the correlation between drought and socioeconomic turmoil is not
strong; crop failure and famine are important intermediate factors,
while ecological factors such as locust and disaster relief measures are
all imperative to intervene between crop production and famine. Implications
of the study on drought impact are provided, as well as the significance of drought on
historical climate reconstruction studies.
