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Institutions, Economic Development and Growth
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Journal Article
Institutions, Economic Development and Growth
2024
Overview
أظهرت الدراسات النظرية والتجريبية أن المؤسسات عامل رئيسي في تحديد مستوى النمو الاقتصادي والتنمية في أي بلد في هذا الإطار، قامت هذه الورقة بدراسة العلاقة بين الجودة المؤسسية والنمو الاقتصادي والتنمية لعينة من 96 دولة من خلال تطبيق تقنيات تحليلات العوامل على قاعدة بيانات الملامح المؤسسية. وتبين بأن التباين وعدم التجانس في مستويات النمو والدخل في الدول النامية، ولا سيما العربية، يرجع أساسا إلى اختلاف قدراتها المؤسسية. وتم تسليط الضوء على بعض بلدان العينة، كالصين وقطر، والتي نجحت في عملية الإقلاع الاقتصادي خصوصا بفضل الاستقرار السياسي والشعور العالي بالانتماء الوطني، وكذلك كوريا الجنوبية والتي انخرطت في عملية اللحاق بركب البلدان المتقدمة بفضل التطوير المؤسسي في عدة مجالات، كإدارة الضرائب والبنية التحتية والقضاء على الفساد. وركزت الورقة في الأخير على أهم المجالات المؤسسية التي على الدول العربية تطويرها التسريع مستويات النمو والتنمية.
Theoretical and empirical studies have shown that institutions are a major factor in determining the level of economic growth and development in any country. This paper attempted to study the relationship between institutional quality and economic growth and development for a sample of 9 6countries by applying factorial methods to the institutional profiles database. It turns out that the heterogeneity and variation in levels of growth and income in developing countries, especially Arab countries, are mainly due to differences in institutional capabilities. Some countries were highlighted, such as China and Qatar, which succeeded in the process of economic take-off, especially thanks to political stability and a high sense of national belonging, as well as South Korea, which engaged in the process of catching up with developed countries thanks to institutional development in several areas, such as tax management, infrastructure, and eliminating corruption. Finally, the paper focused on the most important institutional areas that Arab countries must develop to accelerate their level of growth and development.
Publisher
المعهد العربي للتخطيط,Arab Planning Institute
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