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Short-chain fatty acid production by gut microbiota from children with obesity is linked to bacterial community composition and prebiotic choice
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Short-chain fatty acid production by gut microbiota from children with obesity is linked to bacterial community composition and prebiotic choice
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Short-chain fatty acid production by gut microbiota from children with obesity is linked to bacterial community composition and prebiotic choice
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Paper
Short-chain fatty acid production by gut microbiota from children with obesity is linked to bacterial community composition and prebiotic choice
2020
Overview
Pediatric obesity remains a public health burden and continues to increase in prevalence. The gut microbiota plays a causal role in obesity and is a promising therapeutic target. Specifically, the microbial production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) from the fermentation of otherwise indigestible dietary carbohydrates may protect against pediatric obesity and metabolic syndrome. Still, it has not been demonstrated that therapies involving microbiota-targeting carbohydrates, known as prebiotics, will enhance gut bacterial SCFA production in children and adolescents with obesity (age 10-18). Here, we used an in vitro system to examine the SCFA production by fecal microbiota from 17 children with obesity when exposed to five different commercially available over-the-counter (OTC) prebiotic supplements. We found microbiota from all 17 patients actively metabolized most prebiotics. Still, supplements varied in their acidogenic potential. Significant inter-donor variation also existed in SCFA production, which 16S rRNA sequencing supported as being associated with differences in the host microbiota composition. Last, we found that neither fecal SCFA concentration, microbiota SCFA production capacity, nor markers of obesity positively correlated with one another. Together, these in vitro findings suggest the hypothesis that OTC prebiotic supplements may be unequal in their ability to stimulate SCFA production in children and adolescents with obesity, and that the most acidogenic prebiotic may differ across individuals. Competing Interest Statement L.A.D. was a member of the Kaleido Biosciences Strategic Advisory Board and retains equity in the company.
