Journal Article

COVID-19 vaccine-related interstitial lung disease: a case study

Jang, Seung Hun, Hwang, Yong Il, Kim, Hwan Il, Lee, In Jae, Park, Ji Young, Kim, Joo-Hee, Jung, Ki-Suck, Park, Sunghoon

2022

Overview

Correspondence to Dr Ji Young Park, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, South Korea; [e-mail] Dr Ji Young Park Herd immunity through extensive and rapid vaccination rather than natural immunity acquired by infection is necessary to control a global pandemic like COVID-19. (C) Data of 10 previously reported cases of influenza vaccine-related ILD. *One case each of chronic hypersensitive pneumonitis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. #1, Johnston et al 5 ; #2, Heinrichs et al 6 ; #3, Kanemitsu et al 7 ; #4, Bhurayanontachai 8 ; #5, Umeda et al 9 ; #6, Kumamoto et al 10 ; #7, Watanabe et al 11 ; #8, Hibino and Kondo 12 ; #9, Hibino and Kondo 12 ; #10, Numata et al. 4 BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; ED, emergency department; FiO 2 , fraction of inspired oxygen; HFNC, high-flow nasal cannula; ILD, interstitial lung disease; MPD, methylprednisolone; n, no; y, yes. [...]the ‘exclusion of other conditions’ criterion was met as infections and CTDs were ruled out based on the radiological findings and microbiological and serological test results. There was a vaccine safety committee’s report of acute deterioration of underlying ILD after influenza vaccinations from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (19 cases from 22.8 million doses of H1N1 vaccine in 2009–2010, Japan).9 However, the evaluation of risk factors for adverse reactions should be analysed through prospective studies that can proactively evaluate every vaccinated individual and not through case series or reports from passive safety surveillance. [...]for rare adverse reactions and delayed-onset events, large healthcare databases with standardised definitions and appropriate statistic models are necessary (active safety surveillance).

• Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Thoracic Society,BMJ Publishing Group LTD
• Subject: Antibodies / Biopsy / Case based discussion / Clinical trials / Coronaviruses / COVID-19 / COVID-19 Vaccines / Diabetes / Drug dosages / drug induced lung disease / Fever / Humans / Hypertension / Influenza / Lavage / Lung diseases / Lung Diseases, Interstitial - chemically induced / mRNA vaccines / Patients / Peptides / Pneumonia / Respiratory distress syndrome / SARS-CoV-2 / Serology / Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 / Steroids / Surveillance