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Occupational and work-related respiratory disease attributed to cleaning products
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Occupational and work-related respiratory disease attributed to cleaning products
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Journal Article
Occupational and work-related respiratory disease attributed to cleaning products
2019
Overview
ObjectivesExposure to cleaning products has been associated with adverse respiratory outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the medically reported incidence, trends in incidence and occupational determinants of work-related respiratory disorders attributed to cleaning agents and to explore the role of ‘Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships’ (QSAR) in corroborating the identification of chemical respiratory sensitisers.MethodsRespiratory diagnoses attributed to cleaning agents were extracted from The Health and Occupation Research (THOR) surveillance network, 1989–2017. Incidence, trends in incidence and incidence rate ratios by occupation were investigated. Agents were classified by chemical type and QSAR hazard indices were determined for specific organic chemicals.ResultsApproximately 6% (779 cases) of the (non-asbestos) THOR respiratory cases were attributed to cleaning agents. Diagnoses were predominantly asthma (58%) and inhalation accidents (27%) with frequently reported chemical categories being aldehydes (30%) and chlorine/its releasers (26%). No significant trend in asthma incidence (1999–2017) was observed (annual average change of −1.1% (95% CI −4.4 to 2.4)). This contrasted with a statistically significant annual decline in asthma incidence (−6.8% (95% CI −8.0 to −5.6)) for non-cleaning agents. There was a large variation in risk between occupations. 7 of the 15 organic chemicals specifically identified had a QSAR generated hazard index consistent with being a respiratory sensitiser.ConclusionSpecific occupations appear to be at increased risk of adverse respiratory outcomes attributed to cleaning agents. While exposure to agents such as glutaraldehyde have been addressed, other exposures, such as to chlorine, remain important. Chemical features of the cleaning agents helped distinguish between sensitising and irritant agents.
Publisher
BMJ Publishing Group Ltd,BMJ,BMJ Publishing Group LTD
Subject
/ Adult
/ Aged
/ Asbestos
/ Asthma
/ Chlorine
/ Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
/ Cleaning
/ Disinfectants - adverse effects
/ Exposure
/ Female
/ Household Products - adverse effects
/ Humans
/ Male
/ Occupational Diseases - chemically induced
/ Occupational Diseases - epidemiology
/ Occupational Exposure - adverse effects
/ Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship
/ Respiratory Tract Diseases - chemically induced
/ Respiratory Tract Diseases - epidemiology
/ Structure-activity relationships
/ Taxonomy
/ Trends
