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Epicardial adipose tissue is related to arterial stiffness and inflammation in patients with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes
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Epicardial adipose tissue is related to arterial stiffness and inflammation in patients with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes
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Journal Article
Epicardial adipose tissue is related to arterial stiffness and inflammation in patients with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes
2018
Overview
Background
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is an emerging cardio-metabolic risk factor and has been shown to correlate with adverse cardiovascular (CV) outcome; however the underlying pathophysiology of this link is not well understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between EAT and a comprehensive panel of cardiovascular risk biomarkers and pulse wave velocity (PWV) and indexed left ventricular mass (LVMI) in a cohort of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes compared to controls.
Methods
One hundred forty-five participants (mean age 63.9 ± 8.1 years; 61% male) were evaluated. All patients underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) examination and PWV. EAT measurements from CMR were performed on the 4-chamber view. Blood samples were taken and a range of CV biomarkers was evaluated.
Results
EAT measurements were significantly higher in the groups with CVD, with or without T2DM compared to patients without CVD or T2DM (group 1 EAT 15.9 ± 5.5 cm
2
vs. group 4 EAT 11.8 ± 4.1 cm
2
,
p
= 0.001; group 3 EAT 15.1 ± 4.3 cm
2
vs. group 4 EAT 11.8 ± 4.1 cm
2
,
p
= 0.024). EAT was independently associated with IL-6 (beta 0.2,
p
= 0.019). When added to clinical variables, both EAT (beta 0.16,
p
= 0.035) and IL-6 (beta 0.26,
p
= 0.003) were independently associated with PWV. EAT was significantly associated with LVMI in a univariable analysis but not when added to significant clinical variables.
Conclusions
In patients with cardio-metabolic disease, EAT was independently associated with PWV. EAT may be associated with CVD risk due to an increase in systemic vascular inflammation. Whether targeting EAT may reduce inflammation and/or cardiovascular risk should be evaluated in prospective studies.
Publisher
BioMed Central,BioMed Central Ltd,BMC
Subject
/ Adipose Tissue - diagnostic imaging
/ Adipose Tissue - physiopathology
/ Aged
/ Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis
/ Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology
/ Cardiovascular Diseases - physiopathology
/ Cardiovascular magnetic resonance
/ Complications and side effects
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - diagnosis
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology
/ Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology
/ Female
/ Humans
/ Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk
/ Inflammation - physiopathology
/ Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine
/ Male
/ Medicine
