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Protected Area as an Indicator of Ecological Sustainability? A Century of Development in Europe's Boreal Forest
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Protected Area as an Indicator of Ecological Sustainability? A Century of Development in Europe's Boreal Forest
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Journal Article
Protected Area as an Indicator of Ecological Sustainability? A Century of Development in Europe's Boreal Forest
2013
Overview
Protected area (PA) is an indicator linked to policies on ecological sustainability. We analyzed area, size, and categories of PAs in the European boreal forest biome in Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia from 1900 to 2010. The PA increased from 1.5 × 103 ha in 1909 to 2.3 × 107 ha in 2010. While the total PA in the boreal biome was 10.8 %, the figures ranged from 17.2 % in the northern, 7.9 % of the middle, and 8.7 % of the southern boreal sub-regions. The median size of PAs varied from 10 to 124 ha among countries. The categories of less strictly PAs increased over time. The proportion of area occupied by PAs is an important response indicator for conservation efforts. However, the use of PA as an indicator of ecological sustainability needs to consider ecosystem representation, functional connectivity and management categories.
Publisher
Springer,Springer Netherlands,Springer Nature B.V
Subject
Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences
/ Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries
/ Biomes
/ Conservation of Natural Resources
/ Conservation of Natural Resources - trends
/ Earth and Environmental Science
/ Ecology
/ Ekologi
/ Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology
/ environmental sustainability
/ Europe
/ Finland
/ Forestry
/ Forests
/ Jordbruk, skogsbruk och fiske
/ Lantbruksvetenskap och veterinärmedicin
/ Norway
/ Russia
/ Sustainable forest management
/ Sweden
/ Trees
/ trends
