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Salidas anticipadas y sucesión. La revocatoria de mandato al servicio de la competencia política
by
Serrafero, Mario Daniel
, Eberhardt, María Laura
in
Accountability
/ Case studies
/ Citizens
/ Constitutions
/ Elections
/ Manipulation
/ POLITICAL SCIENCE
/ Politics
/ Recall of government officials
/ Referendums
/ Regulation
/ SOCIOLOGY
/ Succession
/ Usefulness
2020
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Salidas anticipadas y sucesión. La revocatoria de mandato al servicio de la competencia política
by
Serrafero, Mario Daniel
, Eberhardt, María Laura
in
Accountability
/ Case studies
/ Citizens
/ Constitutions
/ Elections
/ Manipulation
/ POLITICAL SCIENCE
/ Politics
/ Recall of government officials
/ Referendums
/ Regulation
/ SOCIOLOGY
/ Succession
/ Usefulness
2020
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Do you wish to request the book?
Salidas anticipadas y sucesión. La revocatoria de mandato al servicio de la competencia política
by
Serrafero, Mario Daniel
, Eberhardt, María Laura
in
Accountability
/ Case studies
/ Citizens
/ Constitutions
/ Elections
/ Manipulation
/ POLITICAL SCIENCE
/ Politics
/ Recall of government officials
/ Referendums
/ Regulation
/ SOCIOLOGY
/ Succession
/ Usefulness
2020
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Salidas anticipadas y sucesión. La revocatoria de mandato al servicio de la competencia política
Journal Article
Salidas anticipadas y sucesión. La revocatoria de mandato al servicio de la competencia política
2020
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Overview
RESUMEN Introducción: La revocatoria de mandato es un mecanismo de control o accountability vertical, incorporado en varias constituciones latinoamericanas en mayor medida desde los años 90. Si el resultado del referéndum es el de revocar al representante, este cesa en el cargo y debe arbitrarse su reemplazo según la normativa. Materiales y Métodos: El supuesto que recorre el artículo es que el modo de reemplazo, electoral o no electoral, del mandatario es un factor relevante para definir el uso dado al mecanismo: como una herramienta de accountability social o como un instrumento de disputa político-electoral. A partir de la revisión de los casos de aplicación, se pretende dilucidar si es posible plantear una relación entre: el modo de sucesión de un mandatario revocado, la cantidad de solicitudes de revocatoria presentadas, la calidad de sus promotores y el tipo de uso dado al mecanismo. Para ello, se desarrolla un estudio exploratorio de los países latinoamericanos que incorporan la revocatoria en sus constituciones nacionales. Primero, se hace un análisis normativo de sus leyes fundamentales y de sus reglamentaciones, a fin de conocer el modo de sucesión previsto por cada Estado. Segundo, se efectúa un estudio de casos en profundidad para observar el desempeño del revocatorio en los hechos. Resultados: Tras el desarrollo de la investigación, se plantea la siguiente sugerencia: si el reemplazo se lleva a cabo por vía no electoral, las solicitudes de revocatoria suelen ser escasas y mayormente convocadas por los ciudadanos para librarse de malos gobernantes. En cambio, si la sucesión se define por elecciones, la revocatoria se usa con más frecuencia, y es mayormente convocada por actores políticos que pretenden acceder anticipadamente al cargo. Discusión: Dichos resultados ponen en cuestión la verdadera utilidad de un mecanismo que ha sido creado para favorecer el control ciudadano hacia los gobernantes, debido a que su diseño institucional puede habilitar un uso indeseado del mismo, atentando contra la gobernabilidad y la estabilidad institucional. ABSTRACT Introduction: The recall is a vertical accountability mechanism incorporated in several Latin American constitutions to a greater extent since the 90s. If the result of the referendum is to revoke the representative, he ceases in office and must be arbitrated to replace it according to the regulations. Materials and methods: The assumption that runs through the article is that the mode, electoral or non-electoral, of replacement of the representatives a relevant factor to define the use given to the mechanism: as a tool of societal accountability or as an instrument of electoral political dispute. From the review of the application cases, the aim is to clarify whether it is possible to establish a relationship between: the mode of succession of a revoked agent, the number of requests for recall submitted, the quality of their promoters and the type of use given to the mechanism. For this, an exploratory study of the Latin American countries that incorporate the recall in their national Constitutions is developed. First, a normative analysis of its fundamental laws and regulations is made, in order to know the mode way of succession provided by each State. Second, an in-depth case study is carried out to observe the performance of the recall in the facts. Results: After the development of the investigation, the following suggestion is made: if the replacement is carried out by non-electoral means, the cases of recall are usually scarce and mostly called by citizens to get rid of bad rulers. On the other hand, if the succession is defined by elections, the recall is used more frequently, and mostly by political actors who intend to gain early access to office. Discussion: These results call into question the true usefulness of a mechanism that has been created to favor citizen control the rulers, because its institutional design can enable its unwanted use, undermining governability and institutional stability.
Publisher
Universidade Federal do Paraná
Subject
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