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Contributions of Anthropogenic and Natural Forcing to Recent Tropopause Height Changes

by Ammann, C. , Brüggemann, W. , Wigley, T. M. L. , Washington, W. M. , Santer, B. D. , Wehner, M. F. , Taylor, K. E. , Arblaster, J. , Boyle, J. S. , Sausen, R. , Meehl, G. A.

in Algorithms / Anthropogenic factors / Atmosphere / Atmospherics / Climate / Climate change / Climate models / Cooling / Earth, ocean, space / Exact sciences and technology / External geophysics / General properties of the high atmosphere / Global warming / Greenhouse effect / Greenhouse gases / Ozone / Physics of the high neutral atmosphere / Radiative forcing / Stratosphere / Tropopause / Troposphere / Weather

2003

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Contributions of Anthropogenic and Natural Forcing to Recent Tropopause Height Changes

by Ammann, C. , Brüggemann, W. , Wigley, T. M. L. , Washington, W. M. , Santer, B. D. , Wehner, M. F. , Taylor, K. E. , Arblaster, J. , Boyle, J. S. , Sausen, R. , Meehl, G. A.

2003

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Contributions of Anthropogenic and Natural Forcing to Recent Tropopause Height Changes

by Ammann, C. , Brüggemann, W. , Wigley, T. M. L. , Washington, W. M. , Santer, B. D. , Wehner, M. F. , Taylor, K. E. , Arblaster, J. , Boyle, J. S. , Sausen, R. , Meehl, G. A.

2003

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Journal Article

Contributions of Anthropogenic and Natural Forcing to Recent Tropopause Height Changes

Ammann, C.,

Brüggemann, W.,

Wigley, T. M. L.,

Washington, W. M.,

Santer, B. D.,

Wehner, M. F.,

Taylor, K. E.,

Arblaster, J.,

Boyle, J. S.,

Sausen, R.,

Meehl, G. A.

2003

Overview

Observations indicate that the height of the tropopause-the boundary between the stratosphere and troposphere-has increased by several hundred meters since 1979. Comparable increases are evident in climate model experiments. The latter show that human-induced changes in ozone and well-mixed greenhouse gases account for ~80% of the simulated rise in tropopause height over 1979-1999. Their primary contributions are through cooling of the stratosphere (caused by ozone) and warming of the troposphere (caused by well-mixed greenhouse gases). A model-predicted fingerprint of tropopause height changes is statistically detectable in two different observational (\"reanalysis\") data sets. This positive detection result allows us to attribute overall tropopause height changes to a combination of anthropogenic and natural external forcings, with the anthropogenic component predominating.

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Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science,The American Association for the Advancement of Science

Subject

Algorithms

/ Anthropogenic factors

/ Climate