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Cardio-electrical and blood pressure characteristics during recovery following very intense exercise in martial arts athletes
Cardio-electrical and blood pressure characteristics during recovery following very intense exercise in martial arts athletes
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Cardio-electrical and blood pressure characteristics during recovery following very intense exercise in martial arts athletes
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Cardio-electrical and blood pressure characteristics during recovery following very intense exercise in martial arts athletes
Cardio-electrical and blood pressure characteristics during recovery following very intense exercise in martial arts athletes
Journal Article

Cardio-electrical and blood pressure characteristics during recovery following very intense exercise in martial arts athletes

2026
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Overview
Background. Martial arts, characterized by intermittent high-intensity efforts, generate specific cardiovascular constraints. Few studies have examined post-exercise cardio-electrical and hemodynamic responses in this context, particularly during the recovery phase. Objective. This study aimed to analyze variations in heart rate (HR), blood pressure (systolic: SYS, diastolic: DIAS), oxygen saturation (SpO₂), and electrocardiographic parameters (PR, QT, QRS, QTc, RV5, SV1) in martial arts practitioners before, immediately after, and up to 30 minutes following an intense bout of exercise. Methods. Twenty-four male athletes performed a high-intensity session simulating competition (≥85% HRmax). Physiological measurements were collected at four time points (rest, end of exercise, and 15- and 30-minute recovery). A repeated-measures ANOVA and a factorial analysis were performed. Results. Significant post-exercise hypotension was observed (SYS: −11.33% at 30 min; DIAS: −14.63% at end of exercise). HR doubled at the end of effort (138 bpm), with partial recovery by 30 minutes. QT interval shortened and then progressively normalized. SpO₂ showed a slight decrease (−1.28%) before rising again. Factorial analysis identified clusters of interrelated variables. Conclusion. Martial arts induce specific transient cardio-electrical responses. These findings highlight the importance of individualized recovery monitoring for both performance optimization and cardiovascular prevention. Antecedentes. Las artes marciales, caracterizadas por esfuerzos intermitentes de alta intensidad, generan restricciones cardiovasculares específicas. Pocos estudios han examinado las respuestas cardioeléctricas y hemodinámicas post-ejercicio en este contexto, particularmente durante la fase de recuperación. Objetivo. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las variaciones en la frecuencia cardíaca (FC), la presión arterial (sistólica: PAS, diastólica: PAD), la saturación de oxígeno (SpO₂) y los parámetros electrocardiográficos (PR, QT, QRS, QTc, RV5, SV1) en practicantes de artes marciales antes, inmediatamente después y hasta 30 minutos tras un esfuerzo intenso. Métodos. Veinticuatro atletas masculinos realizaron una sesión de alta intensidad que simulaba una competición (≥85% de la FC máxima). Se recogieron mediciones fisiológicas en cuatro momentos temporales (reposo, final del ejercicio, y recuperación a 15 y 30 minutos). Se realizó un ANOVA de medidas repetidas y un análisis factorial. Resultados. Se observó una hipotensión post-ejercicio significativa (PAS: −11,33 % a los 30 min; PAD: −14,63 % al final del ejercicio). La FC se duplicó al final del esfuerzo (138 lpm), con una recuperación parcial a los 30 minutos. El intervalo QT se acortó y luego se normalizó progresivamente. La SpO₂ mostró una ligera disminución (−1,28 %) antes de volver a aumentar. El análisis factorial identificó grupos de variables interrelacionadas. Conclusión. Las artes marciales inducen respuestas cardioeléctricas transitorias específicas. Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de un monitoreo individualizado de la recuperación tanto para la optimización del rendimiento como para la prevención cardiovascular. Contexto. As artes marciais, caracterizadas por esforços intermitentes de alta intensidade, geram restrições cardiovasculares específicas. Poucos estudos examinaram as respostas cardioelétricas e hemodinâmicas pós-exercício neste contexto, particularmente durante a fase de recuperação. Objetivo. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as variações da frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial (sistólica: PAS, diastólica: PAD), saturação de oxigénio (SpO₂) e parâmetros eletrocardiográficos (PR, QT, QRS, QTc, RV5, SV1) em praticantes de artes marciais antes, imediatamente após e até 30 minutos após o exercício intenso. Métodos. Vinte e quatro atletas do sexo masculino realizaram uma sessão de alta intensidade simulando competição (≥85% da FC máxima). As medidas fisiológicas foram recolhidas em quatro momentos (repouso, final do exercício e recuperação de 15 e 30 minutos). Foram realizadas ANOVA de medidas repetidas e análise fatorial. Resultados. Observou-se hipotensão significativa após o exercício (PAS: −11,33% aos 30 min; PAD: −14,63% no final do exercício). A frequência cardíaca duplicou no final do esforço (138 bpm), com recuperação parcial aos 30 minutos. O intervalo QT encurtou e depois normalizou gradualmente. A SpO₂ apresentou uma ligeira queda (−1,28%) antes de voltar a aumentar. A análise fatorial identificou agrupamentos de variáveis ​​inter-relacionadas. Conclusão: As artes marciais induzem respostas cardioelétricas transitórias específicas. Estes achados realçam a importância da monitorização individualizada da recuperação tanto para a otimização do desempenho como para a prevenção cardiovascular.