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Mamíferos del bosque de encino en el ANP Altas Cumbres, Tamaulipas, México: riqueza de especies, abundancia relativa y adaptaciones ecológicas
Mamíferos del bosque de encino en el ANP Altas Cumbres, Tamaulipas, México: riqueza de especies, abundancia relativa y adaptaciones ecológicas
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Mamíferos del bosque de encino en el ANP Altas Cumbres, Tamaulipas, México: riqueza de especies, abundancia relativa y adaptaciones ecológicas
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Mamíferos del bosque de encino en el ANP Altas Cumbres, Tamaulipas, México: riqueza de especies, abundancia relativa y adaptaciones ecológicas
Mamíferos del bosque de encino en el ANP Altas Cumbres, Tamaulipas, México: riqueza de especies, abundancia relativa y adaptaciones ecológicas

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Mamíferos del bosque de encino en el ANP Altas Cumbres, Tamaulipas, México: riqueza de especies, abundancia relativa y adaptaciones ecológicas
Mamíferos del bosque de encino en el ANP Altas Cumbres, Tamaulipas, México: riqueza de especies, abundancia relativa y adaptaciones ecológicas
Journal Article

Mamíferos del bosque de encino en el ANP Altas Cumbres, Tamaulipas, México: riqueza de especies, abundancia relativa y adaptaciones ecológicas

2025
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Overview
El Área Natural Protegida (ANP) Altas Cumbres presenta un incremento de perturbaciones antrópicas, particularmente la zona sur. Sin embargo, su efecto sobre comunidades de mamíferos medianos y grandes ha sido escasamente explorado. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar la estructura de sus comunidades mediante la estimación de la riqueza de especie, abundancia relativa y adaptaciones ecológicas. Entre septiembre de 2020 y noviembre de 2021 se realizó un muestreo de mamíferos en el bosque de encino, ubicado al sur del ANP Altas Cumbres, utilizando dos técnicas: búsqueda de evidencia física (60 km de recorrido) y fototrampeo (2 270 d/trampa). Se registraron 23 especies de mamíferos, de las cuales 16 fueron de origen nativo y 7 introducidos (doméstico). Se reconocieron 6 órdenes, de los que Carnívora presentó el mayor número de especies (10 nativas y 2 domésticas), seguido por Artiodactyla (3 nativas y 3 domésticas), Perissodactyla (2 domésticas) y finalmente Cingulata, Didelphimorphia y Lagomorpha con 1 especie nativa cada una. Se registró una elevada riqueza de mamíferos medianos y grandes, lo que indica un buen estado de conservación. Sin embargo, la alta abundancia relativa de especies domésticas, como Canis familiaris (que pueden volverse ferales) evidencian las primeras señales de alarma, ya que sitúan en riesgo a algunas especies nativas. Es importante continuar con el monitoreo a largo plazo de los mamíferos medianos y grandes de la vegetación bosque encino, incluso ampliarla a toda el ANP Altas Cumbres. The Altas Cumbres Protected Natural Area shows increased anthropogenic disturbances, particularly in the southern zone. However, its effect on communities of medium and large-size mammals has been little explored. This study aims to analyze its community structure by estimating the species richness, relative abundance, and ecological adaptations. Between September 2020 and November 2021, mammal sampling was carried out in the oak forest of the Altas Cumbres PNA using two techniques: search for physical evidence and camera trapping. Through 60 km traveled (capture effort) and an effort of 2 270 d/trap. 23 species of mammals were recorded, of which 16 correspond to taxa of native origin and 7 introduced mammals (domestic). Six orders were recognized, of which Carnivora presented the highest number of species (10 natives and 2 domestics), followed by Artiodactyla (3 natives and 3 domestics), Perissodactyla (2 domestic species), and finally Cingulata, Didelphimorphia and Lagomorpha, with 1 species each. A high richness of medium and large-sized mammals was recorded, indicating good conservation management. However, the high relative abundance of domestic species, such as Canis familiaris (which can become feral) show the first warning signs, since they put some native species at risk. It is important to continue long-term monitoring of medium and large-size mammals in the oak forest vegetation, and even expand it to the entire Altas Cumbres PNA.