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Adaptability and stability of maize and sorghum genotypes in the second harvest conditions in Northeastern Brazil
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Adaptability and stability of maize and sorghum genotypes in the second harvest conditions in Northeastern Brazil
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Journal Article
Adaptability and stability of maize and sorghum genotypes in the second harvest conditions in Northeastern Brazil
2025
Overview
This study evaluated the adaptability, stability, and yield of maize and sorghum hybrids at six different times during the second growing season in Brazill’s Northeast region. Conducted at Fazenda Sol Nascente, located in Balsas, state of Maranhão, the experiment involved seven maize genotypes and seven sorghum genotypes. Sowing was carried out at six distinct times: February 9, 15, 20, 24, 27, and March 3, 2021, with each sowing date considered a separate environment for evaluation. A randomized block design with four replications was used. Genetic parameters for grain productivity were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood (REML), and genotype x environment interactions were analyzed using Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP). The reaction norm was employed to assess genotype responses to environmental covariates, and the effect of meteorological variables on grain yield was analyzed. Results showed that early sowing promoted optimal performance for both maize and sorghum genotypes. Genotypes P2970 and P3754 (maize) and DKB540 (sorghum) demonstrated superior adaptability, stability, and productivity across different sowing times, emphasizing the critical role of sowing date in crop performance in Brazil’s Northeast region.
RESUMO: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a adaptabilidade, a estabilidade e a produtividade de híbridos de milho e sorgo em seis épocas diferentes durante a segunda estação de crescimento na região Nordeste do Brasil. Realizado na Fazenda Sol Nascente, localizada em Balsas, estado do Maranhão, o experimento envolveu sete genótipos de milho e sete genótipos de sorgo. A semeadura foi realizada em seis épocas distintas: 9, 15, 20, 24, 27 de fevereiro e 3 de março de 2021, sendo que cada data de semeadura foi considerada um ambiente separado para avaliação. Foi usado um delineamento de blocos aleatórios com quatro repetições. Os parâmetros genéticos para a produtividade de grãos foram estimados usando a máxima verossimilhança restrita (REML), e as interações genótipo x ambiente foram analisadas usando a melhor previsão linear não tendenciosa (BLUP). A norma de reação foi empregada para avaliar as respostas do genótipo às covariáveis ambientais, e o efeito das variáveis meteorológicas sobre a produtividade de grãos foi analisado. Os resultados mostraram que a semeadura precoce promoveu o desempenho ideal para os genótipos de milho e sorgo. Os genótipos P2970 e P3754 (milho) e DKB540 (sorgo) demonstraram adaptabilidade, estabilidade e produtividade superiores em diferentes épocas de semeadura, enfatizando o papel fundamental da data de semeadura no desempenho da cultura na região Nordeste do Brasil.
Publisher
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
