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What school environment characteristics influence the physical fitness of low-income schoolchildren?
by
Eduardo Ferreira Maia, Douglas
, De Souza Lira Filho, Rostand
, Moura dos Santos, Marcos André
, Souza de Oliveira, Nayara
, Ribeiro Bandeira, Paulo Felipe
, Dos Santos Henrique, Rafael
, Pessôa dos Prazeres, Thaliane Mayara
, Rodrigues de Souza Sobral, Igor
, Araújo do Rego Barros, Tércio
, Felix Lourenço, Ana Beatriz
in
ambiente escolar
/ aptidão física
/ Aptitud física
/ Body Composition
/ Educational Environment
/ Entorno escolar
/ Exercise
/ Extracurricular Activities
/ juventude
/ Muscular Strength
/ Niños
/ Physical fitness
/ Populaciones vulnerables
/ populações vulneráveis
/ School environment
/ School Policy
/ Schools
/ Students
/ Urban Schools
/ Vulnerable populations
/ Youth
2025
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What school environment characteristics influence the physical fitness of low-income schoolchildren?
by
Eduardo Ferreira Maia, Douglas
, De Souza Lira Filho, Rostand
, Moura dos Santos, Marcos André
, Souza de Oliveira, Nayara
, Ribeiro Bandeira, Paulo Felipe
, Dos Santos Henrique, Rafael
, Pessôa dos Prazeres, Thaliane Mayara
, Rodrigues de Souza Sobral, Igor
, Araújo do Rego Barros, Tércio
, Felix Lourenço, Ana Beatriz
in
ambiente escolar
/ aptidão física
/ Aptitud física
/ Body Composition
/ Educational Environment
/ Entorno escolar
/ Exercise
/ Extracurricular Activities
/ juventude
/ Muscular Strength
/ Niños
/ Physical fitness
/ Populaciones vulnerables
/ populações vulneráveis
/ School environment
/ School Policy
/ Schools
/ Students
/ Urban Schools
/ Vulnerable populations
/ Youth
2025
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What school environment characteristics influence the physical fitness of low-income schoolchildren?
by
Eduardo Ferreira Maia, Douglas
, De Souza Lira Filho, Rostand
, Moura dos Santos, Marcos André
, Souza de Oliveira, Nayara
, Ribeiro Bandeira, Paulo Felipe
, Dos Santos Henrique, Rafael
, Pessôa dos Prazeres, Thaliane Mayara
, Rodrigues de Souza Sobral, Igor
, Araújo do Rego Barros, Tércio
, Felix Lourenço, Ana Beatriz
in
ambiente escolar
/ aptidão física
/ Aptitud física
/ Body Composition
/ Educational Environment
/ Entorno escolar
/ Exercise
/ Extracurricular Activities
/ juventude
/ Muscular Strength
/ Niños
/ Physical fitness
/ Populaciones vulnerables
/ populações vulneráveis
/ School environment
/ School Policy
/ Schools
/ Students
/ Urban Schools
/ Vulnerable populations
/ Youth
2025
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What school environment characteristics influence the physical fitness of low-income schoolchildren?
Journal Article
What school environment characteristics influence the physical fitness of low-income schoolchildren?
2025
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Overview
Introduction: Physical fitness (PF) is a key health determinant, linked to cardiometabolic risk, cognitive performance, and mental health. Objective: This study examines how school environment characteristics, physical structures, and policies influence PF in children and adolescents from vulnerable contexts. Method: A total of 1,359 students (707 boys), aged 5–15 years, from 12 public schools in Lagoa do Carro, Pernambuco, Brazil, were assessed. PF was measured using 20-m shuttle run, handgrip strength, sit-and-reach, standing long jump, 20m-dash and shuttle run tests. School environmental characteristics (e.g., physical structure of school and policies and practices related to physical activity and sports) were also obtained. One-way MANOVAs were performed using PF tests as dependent variables, with age, sex, and body mass index as covariates. Results: Urban students outperformed rural peers in handgrip strength and standing long jump. Student from schools with courtyard pillars showed better performance in the 20-m dash, shuttle run, and handgrip strength. The absence of physical obstacles and the presence of larger playgrounds (>50 m²) were associated with superior handgrip and SLJ scores. Intermediate-sized playgrounds (30–49 m²) favored 20-m dash performance. Schools offering extracurricular activities, sports programs, or inter-school competitions consistently exhibited higher aerobic endurance, muscular strength, and agility among students. Conclusion: Physical and policy-driven characteristics of school environments significantly influence PF outcomes in vulnerable youth. Findings highlight the importance of targeted investments in school infrastructure and structured physical activity programs to reduce health and fitness disparities. Introducción: La aptitud física (AF) es un determinante esencial de la salud, asociada al riesgo cardiometabólico, al rendimiento cognitivo y al bienestar mental. Objetivo: Este estudio analiza cómo las características del entorno escolar, las estructuras físicas y las políticas influyen en la AF de niños y adolescentes en contextos vulnerables. Método: Se evaluaron 1.359 estudiantes (707 varones), de 5 a 15 años, de 12 escuelas públicas de Lagoa do Carro, Pernambuco, Brasil. La AF se midió mediante pruebas de carrera de 20 m, fuerza de prensión manual, flexión del tronco, salto horizontal, carrera de velocidad y agilidad. También se recopilaron datos sobre la infraestructura escolar y políticas relacionadas con la actividad física. Se aplicaron MANOVAs unidireccionales, utilizando las pruebas de AF como variables dependientes, controlando por edad, sexo e índice de masa corporal. Resultados: Los alumnos urbanos superaron a los rurales en fuerza de prensión y salto horizontal. Aquellos de escuelas con pilares en el patio obtuvieron mejores resultados en velocidad, agilidad y fuerza. La ausencia de obstáculos físicos y la presencia de patios mayores a 50 m² se asociaron con mejores resultados en fuerza y salto. Patios intermedios (30–49 m²) favorecieron el rendimiento en velocidad. Las escuelas con actividades extracurriculares o competiciones interescolares mostraron mejores niveles de resistencia, fuerza y agilidad. Conclusión: Las condiciones físicas y políticas del entorno escolar influyen significativamente en la AF de jóvenes vulnerables. Se destaca la necesidad de inversiones estratégicas en infraestructura y programas estructurados de actividad física. Introdução: A aptidão física (AF) é um determinante essencial da saúde, associada ao risco cardiometabólico, ao desempenho cognitivo e ao bem-estar mental.Objectivo: Este estudo analisa como as características do ambiente escolar, as estruturas físicas e as políticas influenciam a AF das crianças e adolescentes em contextos vulneráveis.Método: Foram avaliados 1.359 alunos (707 rapazes), com idades compreendidas entre os 5 e os 15 anos, de 12 escolas públicas de Lagoa do Carro, Pernambuco, Brasil. A AF foi medida através de testes de corrida de 20 m, força de preensão manual, flexão do tronco, salto horizontal, sprint e agilidade. Foram também recolhidos dados sobre a infraestrutura escolar e as políticas relacionadas com a atividade física. Foram aplicadas MANOVAs unidirecionais, utilizando os testes de AF como variáveis dependentes, controlando a idade, o sexo e o índice de massa corporal.Resultados: Os alunos da área urbana superaram os alunos da área rural na força de preensão manual e no salto horizontal. Os das escolas com pilares no pátio apresentaram melhor desempenho em velocidade, agilidade e força. A ausência de obstáculos físicos e a presença de pátios escolares com mais de 50 m² estiveram associadas a melhores resultados de força e salto. Os pátios escolares intermédios (30–49 m²) favoreceram o desempenho em velocidade. As escolas com atividades extracurriculares ou competições interescolares apresentaram melhores níveis de resistência, força e agilidade.Conclusão: As condições físicas e as políticas do ambiente escolar influenciam significativamente a atividade física dos jovens vulneráveis. Salienta-se a necessidade de investimentos estratégicos em infraestruturas e programas estruturados de atividade física.
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