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The Legitimation of Criminal Deportation
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The Legitimation of Criminal Deportation
The Legitimation of Criminal Deportation
Journal Article

The Legitimation of Criminal Deportation

2025
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Overview
This article presents a sociolegal study of decisions by a Canadian immigration tribunal on appeals for “humanitarian and compassionate” relief from criminal deportation. Drawing on the work of Émile Durkheim, we argue that the appeal decisions serve two legitimating functions. On the one hand, they seek to demonstrate the state’s capacity to ensure that the large-scale admission of mostly economic immigrants does not threaten the solidarity of Canadian society. On the other, the decisions address concerns about the justifiability of deportation by making vivid the moral incompetence of unsuccessful appellants, hence their unsuitability for membership. Cet article présente une étude sociojuridique des décisions prises par un tribunal canadien d’immigration en appel de décisions pour « motifs d’ordre humanitaire » suivant une mesure de renvoi fondé sur une déclaration de culpabilité au Canada. Sur la base des travaux d’Émile Durkheim, nous soutenons que ces décisions en appel remplissent deux fonctions de légitimation. D’une part, ces décisions tentent de faire la démonstration de la capacité de l’État à veiller à ce que l’admission à grande échelle d’immigrants, principalement des immigrants économiques, ne menace pas la solidarité de la société canadienne. D’autre part, ces décisions répondent aux préoccupations concernant la justification de la mesure de renvoi en mettant en évidence l’incompétence morale des requérants déboutés et donc leur inaptitude à devenir membres de la société canadienne.