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Flow Channel Optimization and Performance Analysis of Forced Air-Cooling Thermal Management for Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Modules
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Flow Channel Optimization and Performance Analysis of Forced Air-Cooling Thermal Management for Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Modules
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Journal Article
Flow Channel Optimization and Performance Analysis of Forced Air-Cooling Thermal Management for Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Modules
2025
Overview
The maximum temperature and the maximum temperature difference of lithium battery
energy storage systems are of great importance to their lifespan and safety. The
energy storage module targeted in this research utilizes a forced air-cooling
thermal management system. In this article, the maximum battery temperature,
temperature difference, and cooling fan power are used as evaluation indicators.
The thermal–fluid coupling simulation technology is utilized to restore the real
structure of the module, ensuring the reliability of the simulation results. The
P-Q curve is introduced for the boundary conditions of the heat dissipation fan
to investigate the influence of the flow channel structure on the airflow volume
and distribution. First, the thermal–fluid coupling simulation results of the
original structure were compared with the measured parameters. Subsequently, the
study on the airflow and temperature distribution of the original flow channel
structure reveals that a significant pressure drop occurs when the airflow
passes through the energy storage module, and the high-temperature areas are
concentrated in the middle and rear sections of the flow channel. Based on the
above analysis, fluid simulation is employed to study and propose three
improvement schemes. Scheme A involves adding an arc-shaped air duct at the
right-angle bend of the air inlet; scheme B consists of increasing the opening
area of the air inlet; and scheme C entails reducing the cross-sectional area of
some flow channels. Eventually, the thermal–fluid coupling simulation is adopted
to verify the individual schemes and the combined schemes. After comparing the
results, the following improvement effects are obtained: a 4.591% reduction in
the maximum temperature, a 31.144% reduction in the temperature range, and a
16.583% reduction in the static pressure power of the fan.
Publisher
SAE International,SAE International, a Pennsylvania Not-for Profit
Subject
