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Assessing the ecological role of water level fluctuations on sedimentary information in a shallow lake
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Assessing the ecological role of water level fluctuations on sedimentary information in a shallow lake
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Journal Article
Assessing the ecological role of water level fluctuations on sedimentary information in a shallow lake
2018
Overview
The relationship between water level and biodiversity of aquatic plants has been broadly identified but not so frequently quantified, especially with regard to historical periods. We reconstructed historical water levels with decadal resolution and assessed the response of individual aquatic plant species and plant diversity to water level. Our analyses were based on diatoms and plant pollen preserved in sediments of a shallow lake. We disentangled the effects of physical and chemical components on the composition of diatom assemblages in the process of reconstructing water level. The results showed that water levels indicated compositional changes in sedimentary diatom assemblages in different time periods. Diatom assemblages in the lower sediment layers present a larger compositional change than the upper ones. Moreover, water level was linked to the abundance of aquatic vascular plants, especially the submerged macrophytes based on grey analysis. Data on both sedimentary abiotic parameters and annual precipitation indicated that water level had large temporal variations in the earlier time periods of lake formation. However, water level experienced a sharp decrease and tended to be less variable after the construction of water dams. The optimal water levels related to plant diversity were determined at 6.95 m and at 8.24 m based on the richness and the evenness of seven species which were indicative of water level. The latter included six diatom species (Eunotia pectinalis, Pseudostautosira brevistriata, Cymbella cornuta, Cyclotella meneghiniana, Nitzschia palea and Gomphonema gracile) and one submerged plant (Myriophyllum). Extremely high or low water levels dampened the diversity of aquatic plants. Obtaining long-term lake water levels and analyzing their relation with biotic and abiotic components help us to understand impacts of anthropogenic disturbance on shallow lakes and thus contribute to the maintenance of aquatic plant diversity.
