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Insecticides for mediterranean fruit fly control in orange fruits: laboratory and field assessments
Insecticides for mediterranean fruit fly control in orange fruits: laboratory and field assessments
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Insecticides for mediterranean fruit fly control in orange fruits: laboratory and field assessments
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Insecticides for mediterranean fruit fly control in orange fruits: laboratory and field assessments
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Insecticides for mediterranean fruit fly control in orange fruits: laboratory and field assessments
Insecticides for mediterranean fruit fly control in orange fruits: laboratory and field assessments
Journal Article

Insecticides for mediterranean fruit fly control in orange fruits: laboratory and field assessments

2025
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Overview
This study evaluated the toxicity of the insecticide spinetoram at different doses [1.25, 1.87, 2.5, 3.75 and 5.0 g of active ingredient/100 L of water - (g of a.i./100 L)] on adults and larvae of C. capitata. Based on the LC50 and LC90 values, spinetoram showed high toxicity against C. capitata adults in the ingestion bioassay (LC50 = 1.95 and LC90 = 5.10 µg a.i./mL) and topical application (LC50 = 3.10 and LC90 = 8.10 µg a.i./mL), and was statistically superior to acetamiprid + etofenprox (ingestion: LC50 = 5.87 and LC90 = 12.04 µg a.i./mL; topical application: LC50 = 14.05 and LC90 = 21.06 µg a.i./mL). However, spinetoram was less toxic than Chlorpyrifos (ingestion: LC50 = 0.95 and LC90 = 3.06 µg a.i./mL; topical application: LC50 = 0.67 and LC90 = 2.45 µg a.i./mL). At a dose of 5.0 g of a.i./100 L, spinetoram was highly toxic against the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd larval instars in immersion bioassays (80% larval mortality). However, it was not effective against larvae inside the fruits when applied via direct spraying in the region opposite to the sites of oviposition by C. capitata. In contrast, spinetoram (5.0 g a.i./100 L) and chlorpyrifos reduced larval viability when applied directly to the oviposition region. In the field, after three applications at intervals of 14 days, spinetoram (5.0 g a.i./100 L) and chlorpyrifos (96 mL a.i./100 L) reduced damage in orange fruits by more than 95%. According to the results, the insecticide spinetoram can be an alternative to chlorpyrifos and acetamiprid + etofenprox for the control of C. capitata. RESUMO: Este estudo avaliou a toxicidade do inseticida espinetoram em diferentes doses [1,25, 1,87, 2,5, 3,75 e 5,0 g de princípio ativo/100 L de água - (g de i.a./100 L)] em adultos e larvas de C. capitata. Com base nos valores de CL50 e CL90, o espinetoram apresentou alta toxicidade contra adultos de C. capitata em bioensaio por ingestão (CL50 = 1,95 e CL90 = 5,10 µg i.a./mL) e após aplicação tópica (LC50 = 3,10 e CL90 = 8,10µg i.a./mL), sendo estatisticamente superior ao acetamiprido + etofenproxi (ingestão: CL50 = 5,87 e CL90=12,04 µg i.a./mL; aplicação tópica: CL50 = 14,05 e CL90 = 21,06 µg i.a./mL). Entretanto, foi menos tóxico que o Clorpirifós (ingestão: CL50 = 0,95 e CL90 = 3,06 µg i.a./mL; aplicação tópica: CL50 = 0,67 e CL90 = 2,45 µg i.a./mL). Na dose de 5,0 g de i.a./100 L, o espinetoram foi altamente tóxico contra larvas de 1º, 2º e 3º instares em bioensaios de imersão (80% de mortalidade larval). No entanto, não foi eficaz contra as larvas no interior dos frutos quando aplicado via pulverização direta na região oposta aos locais de oviposição de C. capitata. Por outro lado, quando aplicado diretamente na região de oviposição, o espinetoram (5,0 g i.a./100 L) e o clorpirifós reduziram a viabilidade larval. No campo, após três aplicações com intervalos de 14 dias, o espinetoram (5,0 g i.a./100 L) e o clorpirifós (96 mL i.a./100 L) reduziram os danos em frutos de laranja em mais de 95%. De acordo com os resultados, o inseticida espinetoram pode ser uma alternativa ao cloripirifós e acetamiprido + etofenproxi para o controle de C. capitata.
Publisher
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria